scholarly journals Neural and psychophysiological markers of delay aversion in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 566-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor Wilbertz ◽  
Amalie Trueg ◽  
Edmund J. S. Sonuga-Barke ◽  
Jens Blechert ◽  
Alexandra Philipsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Delay Aversion ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Delay aversion in school-aged children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 008124632096435
Author(s):  
Ramatladi Meriam Mphahlele ◽  
Basil Joseph Pillay ◽  
Anneke Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Delay Aversion ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control

This study considered whether children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder displayed a stronger preference for smaller, more immediate rewards over larger, but delayed rewards (delay aversion) when compared to typically developing controls and, furthermore, whether age and gender influenced their preference in any way. Children, between 6 and 15 years of age, living in Limpopo province of South Africa, participated in the study. Two hundred sixteen children in total (108 with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and 108 matched controls without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms) were assessed, on a task of delay aversion. The Two Choice Impulsivity Paradigm, which assesses immediate and delayed responses, was administered to both the attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and control groups. The performance of both groups was compared on the Two Choice Impulsivity Paradigm, and the scores were analysed as a function of gender and age. The attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder group chose significantly more immediate, smaller responses than the neurotypical control group, which preferred significantly more delayed but larger responses. Gender and age did not affect the response choices for both immediate and delayed measurements. Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder show a greater need for more immediate gratification, even if the reward is smaller, than the neurotypical control group who could delay gratification to receive a larger reward. Gender and age did not influence their preferences.

Delay Aversion, Temporal Processing, and N-3 Fatty Acids Intake in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1094-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Pei-Chen Chang ◽  
Li Jingling ◽  
Ya-Ting Huang ◽  
Yu-Ji Lu ◽  
Kuan-Pin Su
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Temporal Processing ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Delay Aversion ◽  
Delayed Reaction ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

This study investigates the association between polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake and neurocognitive functions in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We recruited 21 drug-naïve children diagnosed with ADHD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and 21 non-ADHD controls. The n-3 intake and essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency severity were recorded while the children were assessed for inhibitory control, delay aversion, and temporal processing with the Go/No Go Task, Delayed Reaction Time Task, and Finger Tapping Task, respectively. The ADHD group had more EFA deficiency symptoms ( p = .02) and poorer performance in delay aversion ( p = .02) and temporal processing ( p < .001). Moreover, ADHD symptoms correlated negatively with n-3 intake and positively with EFA deficiency. In addition, EFA deficiency was associated with higher delay aversion ( p < .001). Children with ADHD had a higher deficiency of EFA, and EFA deficiency had a positive association with ADHD severity and delay aversion.

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