Interpolated task effects on direct and mediated false recognition: Effects of initial recall, recognition, and the ironic effect of guessing.

Mark J. Huff; Jennifer H. Coane; Keith A. Hutchison; Elisabeth B. Grasser; Jessica E. Blais

doi:10.1037/a0028476

Interpolated task effects on direct and mediated false recognition: Effects of initial recall, recognition, and the ironic effect of guessing.

Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition ◽

10.1037/a0028476 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 1720-1730 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Mark J. Huff ◽

Jennifer H. Coane ◽

Keith A. Hutchison ◽

Elisabeth B. Grasser ◽

Jessica E. Blais

Keyword(s):

False Recognition ◽

Task Effects ◽

Initial Recall

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The Production of Gesture and Speech by People With Aphasia: Influence of Communicative Constraints

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2019_jslhr-l-19-0020 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 (12) ◽

pp. 4417-4432 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Carola de Beer ◽

Jan P. de Ruiter ◽

Martina Hielscher-Fastabend ◽

Katharina Hogrefe

Keyword(s):

Language Impairment ◽

Daily Living ◽

Linguistic Performance ◽

Task Effects ◽

Communicative Abilities ◽

Gesture Production ◽

And Task ◽

Group Effects

Purpose People with aphasia (PWA) use different kinds of gesture spontaneously when they communicate. Although there is evidence that the nature of the communicative task influences the linguistic performance of PWA, so far little is known about the influence of the communicative task on the production of gestures by PWA. We aimed to investigate the influence of varying communicative constraints on the production of gesture and spoken expression by PWA in comparison to persons without language impairment. Method Twenty-six PWA with varying aphasia severities and 26 control participants (CP) without language impairment participated in the study. Spoken expression and gesture production were investigated in 2 different tasks: (a) spontaneous conversation about topics of daily living and (b) a cartoon narration task, that is, retellings of short cartoon clips. The frequencies of words and gestures as well as of different gesture types produced by the participants were analyzed and tested for potential effects of group and task. Results Main results for task effects revealed that PWA and CP used more iconic gestures and pantomimes in the cartoon narration task than in spontaneous conversation. Metaphoric gestures, deictic gestures, number gestures, and emblems were more frequently used in spontaneous conversation than in cartoon narrations by both participant groups. Group effects show that, in both tasks, PWA's gesture-to-word ratios were higher than those for the CP. Furthermore, PWA produced more interactive gestures than the CP in both tasks, as well as more number gestures and pantomimes in spontaneous conversation. Conclusions The current results suggest that PWA use gestures to compensate for their verbal limitations under varying communicative constraints. The properties of the communicative task influence the use of different gesture types in people with and without aphasia. Thus, the influence of communicative constraints needs to be considered when assessing PWA's multimodal communicative abilities.

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Warnings Reduce False Memories for Missing Aspects of Events

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169/a000087 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 207-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Matthew P. Gerrie ◽

Maryanne Garry

Keyword(s):

False Recognition ◽

Source Monitoring ◽

False Memories ◽

Monitoring Framework

When people see movies with some parts missing, they falsely recognize many of the missing parts later. In two experiments, we examined the effect of warnings on people’s false memories for these parts. In Experiment 1, warning subjects about false recognition before the movie (forewarnings) reduced false recognition, but warning them after the movie (postwarnings) reduced false recognition to a lesser extent. In Experiment 2, the effect of the warnings depended on the nature of the missing parts. Forewarnings were more effective than postwarnings in reducing false recognition of missing noncrucial parts, but forewarnings and postwarnings were similarly effective in reducing false recognition of crucial missing parts. We use the source monitoring framework to explain our results.

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