Supplemental Material for Emotional Appraisal Is Influenced by Cardiac Afferent Information

Emotion ◽  
2011 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Afferent Information ◽  
Emotional Appraisal

Emotional appraisal is influenced by cardiac afferent information.

Emotion ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus A. Gray ◽  
Felix D. Beacher ◽  
Ludovico Minati ◽  
Yoko Nagai ◽  
Andrew H. Kemp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Afferent Information ◽  
Emotional Appraisal

Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance Across Sex of the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale in Chinese adolescents

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329412097263
Author(s):  
Meilin Di ◽  
Xinping Deng ◽  
Jingjing Zhao ◽  
Feng Kong
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Latent Mean Differences ◽  
Emotional Appraisal ◽  
Mean Differences

The aim of this study was to validate the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS) in Chinese adolescents by examining factor structure, sex-related measurement invariance and latent mean differences, reliability, and criterion-related validity.A total of 1674 Chinese adolescents aged 12–17 years old (Mage = 15.26, SD = .58) were recruited. Results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the four-factor model of the WLEIS as the best fit to the data. Multi-group CFA suggested that the measurement structure of the WLEIS was invariant across sex. Testing for the latent mean differences showed that male adolescents scored lower on the Other-Emotional Appraisal subscale, but scored higher on the Regulation of Emotion subscale than female adolescents. Furthermore, all the subscales of male and female adolescents had satisfactory composite reliability. Finally, the WLEIS had favorable criterion-related validity with self-esteem, life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect and perceived stress. These findings suggested that the WLEIS is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing trait emotional intelligence of adolescents and can be generalized across sex.

scholarly journals Facilitation of cutaneous inputs during the planning phase of gait initiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Mouchnino ◽  
Aurélie Fontan ◽  
Christophe Tandonnet ◽  
Joy Perrier ◽  
Anahid H. Saradjian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Gait Initiation ◽  
Motor Execution ◽  
Movement Execution ◽  
Movement Initiation ◽  
Somatosensory Stimulation ◽  
Planning Phase ◽  
Step Initiation ◽  
Afferent Information ◽  
Afferent Inputs

It has been shown that during the planning of a voluntary movement the transmission of cutaneous afferent inputs to the somatosensory cortex is attenuated shortly before the motor output as well as during movement execution. However, it is not known whether the sensory suppression observed during the planning phase (i.e., before any movement execution) is a systemic phenomenon or whether it is dependent on movement context. For example, movements such as step initiation are controlled based on information received from cutaneous receptors in the feet. Because afferent information emerging from these receptors is critical for movement initiation, we hypothesized that suppression of these inputs may not occur during the planning phase prior to gait initiation. To examine this hypothesis we measured the cortical response to somatosensory stimulation during the planning phase of step initiation and during movement execution. Sensitivity to cutaneous stimulation was assessed by measuring the amplitude of the cortical somatosensory-evoked potential (SEP, over the Cz electrode) following electrical stimulations of the plantar sole of one foot. Two stimulations were provided during the planning phase of a step movement and two stimulations during movement execution. It was found that the P50-N80 SEP was facilitated in the early planning phase (−700 ms before motor execution) compared with when participants remained still (control standing task). This mechanism might contribute to an enhanced perception of cutaneous input leading to a more accurate setting of the forces to be exerted onto the ground to shift the body's weight toward the supporting side prior to foot-off.

Implicit and Explicit Affective Evaluations of Athlete Brands: The Associative Evaluation–Emotional Appraisal–Intention Model of Athlete Endorsements

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 497-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghwan Chang ◽  
Yong Jae Ko ◽  
Brad D. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Perceived Fit ◽  
Explicit Attitudes ◽  
Fan Behavior ◽  
Affective Attitudes ◽  
Emotional Appraisal ◽  
Athlete Endorsements ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Implicit And Explicit Attitudes

The researchers explore consumers’ emotional responses toward athlete brands by developing the associative evaluation–emotional appraisal–intention (AEI) model. The AEI postulates that unconscious (implicit attitudes) and conscious (explicit affective attitudes) levels of emotional responses systematically flow following assessments of perceived fit in athlete endorsements. Implicit attitudes were measured through the implicit association test, whereas pleasure, arousal, and pride captured explicit affective attitudes. Contrary to dominant beliefs about successful athlete endorsements, findings from a lab experiment indicate that low perceived fit affected implicit attitudes, which in turn affected arousal for consumers with high involvement. Pleasure, arousal, and pride were interrelated and systematically determined behavioral intentions of viewership and online friendship with athletes. Studies investigating athlete brands and endorsement success should consider the influence of both implicit and explicit attitudes on fan behavior. Managers should strategically utilize both low and high fit endorsements to facilitate emotional experiences and optimize desired consumption behavior.

Neonatal chest wall afferents and regulation of respiration

1977 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hagan ◽  
A. C. Bryan ◽  
M. H. Bryan ◽  
G. Gulston
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Muscle Spindles ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
The Body ◽  
Regulation Of Respiration ◽  
Quiet Sleep ◽  
Rib Cage ◽  
Afferent Information

We have studied two groups of eight preterm infants, relating chest wall afferent information to respiratory timing. Rib cage and abdominal motion were monitored by magnetometers and flow and tidal volume via a face mask. In the first group, studies were done in REM sleep when spontaneously occurring distortion of the rib cage occurred and a significant linear relationship between the rate of distortion of the chest wall and shortening of the inspiratory time (Ti) was found in all infants. Reduction in this distortion by the use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or continuous negative pressure at the body surface (CNeg) was associated with a significant (P less than 0.01) lengthening of Ti. Absence of changes in Ti when pressure was applied in quiet sleep suggested that lung volume or chemical changes were not involved. In the second group of infants we artificially generated the afferent inflow by using vibratory stimuli applied in one intercostal interspace and produced a significant (P less than 0.05) shortening in Ti. We suggest that the distortion of the rib cage in REM sleep generates afferent information from intercostal muscle spindles that is related to the rate of distortion and this, via a supraspinal reflex, inhibits phrenic motoneuron discharge. It may then be of importance in the etiology of apneic episodes in these infants. Applied pressure may be of benefit because it reduces an inhibitory afferent inflow.

The Structure of Emotional Response: 1984 Presidential Candidates

1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Response ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Negative Emotionality ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Presidential Candidates ◽  
The Past ◽  
Emotional Appraisal ◽  
Psychological Models ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Feeling Thermometer

Over the past two decades psychological models of affect have changed from valence (one-dimensional) models to multiple-dimensional models. The most recent models, circumplex models, are two-dimensional. Feeling thermometer measures, which derive their theoretical logic from earlier (valence) models of emotional appraisal, are shown to be confounded. Underlying the variation obtained using feeling thermometer measures are two dimensions of emotional response, mastery (positive emotionality) and threat (negative emotionality). Analysis of the 1984 NES survey suggests that positive emotional response is twice as influential as negative emotional response in predicting presidential candidate vote disposition to the presidential candidates. Reliance on emotional response is shown to be uniformly influential across various strata of the electorate.Policy considerations have little direct influence on vote disposition, though policy considerations are indirectly related to vote disposition through the influence of issues on the degree of feelings of threat evoked by the candidates.

Vestibular Signals in Self-Orientation and Eye Movement Control

Physiology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 234-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard J. M. Hess
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Vestibular System ◽  
Retinal Image ◽  
Internal Model ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Head Position ◽  
Head Motion ◽  
Afferent Information ◽  
The Brain

The central vestibular system receives afferent information about head position as well as rotation and translation. This information is used to prevent blurring of the retinal image but also to control self-orientation and motion in space. Vestibular signal processing in the brain stem appears to be linked to an internal model of head motion in space.

Symmetry, bifurcations, and chaos in a distributed respiratory control system

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 2481-2495 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sammon
Keyword(s):  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Respiratory Control ◽  
Oscillatory Behavior ◽  
Phase Switching ◽  
Control Distribution ◽  
Complex Eigenvalues ◽  
Afferent Information ◽  
Switching Functions ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Afferent Control

A multivariate model is outlined for a distributed respiratory central pattern generator (RCPG) and its afferent control. Oscillatory behavior of the system depends on structure and symmetry of a matrix of phase-switching functions (F omega, phi) that control distribution of central excitation (CE) and inhibition (CI) within the circuit. The matrix diagonal (F omega) controls activation of CI variables as excitatory inputs are altered (e.g., central and afferent contributions to inspiratory off switch); off-diagonal terms (F phi) distribute excitations within the CI system and produce complex eigenvalues at the switching points between inspiration and expiration. For null F phi, phase switchings of saddle equilibria located at end expiration and end inspiration are overdamped all-or-nothing events; graded control of CI is seen for phi > 0. When coupling is significant (phi >> 0), CI dynamics become underdamped, admitting a domain of inputs where chaotic behavior is predictably observed. For the homogeneous RCPG (symmetric F omega, phi), CE oscillations are one-dimensional limit cycles (D = 1) or weakly chaotic (D approximately equal to 1). When perturbations from symmetry are significant, the distributed RCPG becomes partitioned where strongly chaotic oscillations (D > or = 2) and central apnea (D = 0) are seen more frequently. The equations provide means for mapping Silnikov bifurcations that alter the geometry and dimension of the breathing pattern and formalisms for discussing RCPG processing of afferent information.

scholarly journals How Women Evaluate Birth Challenges: Analysis of Web-Based Birth Stories (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmine L Konheim-Kalkstein ◽  
Talya Miron-Shatz ◽  
Leah Jenny Israel
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Labor And Delivery ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Birth Stories ◽  
Care Community ◽  
Emotional Appraisal

BACKGROUND Birth stories provide an intimate glimpse into women’s birth experiences in their own words. Understanding the emotions elicited in women by certain types of behaviors during labor and delivery could help those in the health care community provide better emotional care for women in labor. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to understand which supportive reactions and behaviors contributed to negative or positive emotions among women with regard to their labor and delivery experience. METHODS We sampled 10 women’s stories from a popular blog that described births that strayed from the plan. Overall, 90 challenging events that occurred during labor and delivery were identified. Each challenge had an emotionally positive, negative, or neutral evaluation by the woman. We classified supportive and unsupportive behaviors in response to these challenges and examined their association with the woman’s emotional appraisal of the challenges. RESULTS Overall, 4 types of behaviors were identified: informational inclusion, decisional inclusion (mostly by health care providers), practical support, and emotional support (mostly by partners). Supportive reactions were not associated with emotional appraisal; however, unsupportive reactions were associated with women appraising the challenge negatively (Fisher exact test, P=.02). CONCLUSIONS Although supportive behaviors did not elicit any particular emotion, unsupportive behaviors did cause women to view challenges negatively. It is worthwhile conducting a larger scale investigation to observe what happens when patients express their needs, particularly when challenges present themselves during labor, and health care professionals strive to cater to them.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document