Individual differences in the development of sensation seeking and impulsivity during adolescence: Further evidence for a dual systems model.

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 739-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Paige Harden ◽  
Elliot M. Tucker-Drob
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
Systems Model

The Relevance of the Dual Systems Model for Social Learning Theory: Testing for Moderation Effects

2021 ◽  
pp. 009385482110179
Author(s):  
Thomas Wojciechowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Peer Association ◽  
The Relationship

Social learning theory is one of the most prominent criminological theories of the 20th century. The dual systems model represents an emerging framework in recent years, which may help to better understand how social learning processes are influenced by sensation-seeking and impulse control. This study utilized data from all waves of the Pathways to Desistance study. A series of mixed-effects models were utilized to test for moderating effects of these constructs on offending outcomes. Impulse control moderated the relationship between deviant peer association and offending frequency, indicating that high levels of both constructs predicted increased offending frequency. Sensation-seeking moderated the relationship between deviant peer association and odds of offending, indicating that high levels of both constructs were associated with greater odds of offending although this moderation effect was only marginally significant.

scholarly journals On Imbalance of Impulse Control and Sensation Seeking and Adolescent Risk: An Intra-individual Developmental Test of the Dual Systems and Maturational Imbalance Models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Meeus ◽  
Wilma Vollebergh ◽  
Susan Branje ◽  
Elisabetta Crocetti ◽  
Johan Ormel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impulse Control ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
The Third ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Adolescent Risk ◽  
Developmental Test ◽  
Age Range

AbstractHeterogeneity in development of imbalance between impulse control and sensation seeking has not been studied until now. The present study scrutinized this heterogeneity and the link between imbalance and adolescent risk. Seven-wave data of 7,558 youth (50.71% males; age range from 12/13 until 24/25) were used. Three developmental trajectories were identified. The first trajectory, “sensation seeking to balanced sensation seeking”, included participants with a higher level of sensation seeking than impulse control across all ages. The second trajectory, “moderate dominant control”, included participants showing moderate and increasing impulse control relative to sensation seeking across all ages. The third trajectory, “strong late dominant control”, included participants showing the highest level of impulse control which was about as strong as sensation seeking from early to middle adolescence and became substantially stronger from late adolescence to early adulthood. Although the systematic increase of impulse control in all subgroups is in line with both models, neither of these combined trajectories of control and sensation seeking was predicted by the Dual Systems Model or the Maturational Imbalance Model. Consistent with both models the “sensation seeking to balanced sensation seeking” trajectory showed the highest level of substance use. It can be concluded that, even though both theories adequately predict the link between imbalance and risk, neither the Dual Systems Model nor the Maturational Imbalance Model correctly predict the heterogeneity in development of imbalance between impulse control and sensation seeking.

Age differences in sensation seeking and impulsivity as indexed by behavior and self-report: Evidence for a dual systems model.

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1764-1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Steinberg ◽  
Dustin Albert ◽  
Elizabeth Cauffman ◽  
Marie Banich ◽  
Sandra Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
Systems Model

The Relevance of the Dual Systems Model for Predicting Offending Among College Students: The Moderating Role of Deviant Peer Influence

2021 ◽  
pp. 073401682110369
Author(s):  
Thomas Wojciechowski
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Systems Model

Past research as indicated the relevance of the dual systems model for understanding offending. However, there is a dearth of research focused on how deviant peer influence may condition the relationships between dual systems constructs (impulsivity and sensation seeking) and offending. The present study utilized data from 248 undergraduate students to better understand these relationships. A series of logistic regression models first examined the direct effects of these three constructs and then predicted interactions. Deviant peer influence interacted significantly with both dual systems constructs, indicating that the greatest risk of offending was observed among participants reporting high levels of all of these constructs. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the impulsivity interaction may be more relevant. This indicates the importance of screening college students in psychosocial domains upon entrance into college and providing opportunities for mentorship among those who may be at high risk of offending.

Understanding How Cumulative Victimization Predicts Future Victimization Risk: Relevance of Cognitive Versus Social Mediation

2021 ◽  
pp. 073401682110157
Author(s):  
Thomas Wojciechowski
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Victimization Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Peer Association

Cumulative victimization represents the summation of victimization experiences across multiple contexts, with greater accumulation generally predicting greater dysfunction than less accumulation of exposures. Past research has indicated that cumulative victimization predicts increased risk for future revictimization also. The dual systems model may help to understand this relationship. This framework comprises constructs of sensation-seeking and impulse control in developmental context. Deviant peer association may provide a social factor that helps to understand this relationship. Victimization has been found to influence all of these constructs identified here. It is predicted that increased accumulation of victimization experiences may drive variation in these constructs that results in elevated risk for revictimization. This study sought to test the theory that each of these three constructs independently mediated the cumulative victimization–revictimization relationship. The Pathways to Desistance data were used in analyses. This sample was comprised of 1,354 juvenile offenders followed for 7 years after a recent adjudication prior to baseline measurements. The first three waves of data were used in analyses. Generalized structural equation modeling was used to test for the relationships of interest. A bootstrapping process of computing standard errors was carried out to determine significance of mediation effects. Results indicated that increased cumulative victimization scores at baseline predicted increased probability of experiencing victimization at Wave 3. This relationship was attenuated by about 15% when all mediators were added to the model and the relationship remained significant. Further analyses indicated that the specific indirect effect running through deviant peer association was significant, as was the total indirect effect. Findings indicate that increases in cumulative victimization may result in increased affiliation with deviant peers that further increases their future victimization risk. Service providers for survivors of violence should focus on screening of social relationships of those they provide care for in order to assess safety concerns.

scholarly journals Politics, Personality, and Impulsivity Can Color People’s Perceptions of—and Responses to—Hurricane Threats of Varying Severity

2020 ◽  
pp. 014616722096902
Author(s):  
Joy E. Losee ◽  
Colin Tucker Smith ◽  
Gregory D. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Threat Perception ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Individual Traits ◽  
Threatening Situation ◽  
Social Conservatism ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
People’S Perceptions

Theory and research suggest that objective features of a threatening situation and individual differences influence threat responses. We examine three ways individual traits may relate to a threat response: (a) directly and independent of objective threat features, (b) indirectly through relationships with threat perception, or (c) as moderators of the relationship between objective threat features and responses. Using integrative data analysis (IDA), we aggregated data across three studies examining hurricane preparation intentions. Analysis supported two of the potential pathways. Supporting the first path, both openness and extraversion had direct, positive relationships with preparation likelihood. Supporting the second path, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and social conservatism positively related to preparation likelihood through a positive relationship with threat perception, whereas impulsivity and sensation-seeking negatively related to preparation likelihood through a negative relationship with threat perception. This work shows the pivotal role individual differences play regarding responses to uncertain threats.

scholarly journals Self-control of criminals from a dual-systems model perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1379
Author(s):  
Yi LIU ◽  
Junqi WANG ◽  
Xinjia WU
Keyword(s):  
Self Control ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
Systems Model

scholarly journals Self-Control in Cyberspace: Applying Dual Systems Theory to Digital Self-Control Tools

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrik Lyngs ◽  
Kai Lukoff ◽  
Petr Slovak ◽  
Reuben Binns ◽  
Adam Slack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Core ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Google Play

Many people struggle to control their use of digital devices. However, our understanding of the design mechanisms that support user self-control remains limited. In this paper, we make two contributions to HCI research in this space: first, we analyse 367 apps and browser extensions from the Google Play, Chrome Web, and Apple App stores to identify common core design features and intervention strategies afforded by current tools for digital self-control. Second, we adapt and apply an integrative dual systems model of self-regulation as a framework for organising and evaluating the design features found. Our analysis aims to help the design of better tools in two ways: (i) by identifying how, through a well-established model of self-regulation, current tools overlap and differ in how they support self-control; and (ii) by using the model to reveal underexplored cognitive mechanisms that could aid the design of new tools.

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