Encoding modality can affect memory accuracy via retrieval orientation.

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 516-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benton H. Pierce ◽  
David A. Gallo
Keyword(s):  
Memory Accuracy ◽  
Retrieval Orientation

Test Validation Without Measurement

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Lacot ◽  
Mohammad H. Afzali ◽  
Stéphane Vautier
Keyword(s):  
Test Data ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Test Validation ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
Power Of Test ◽  
Memory Accuracy ◽  
Social Uses ◽  
Special Case

Abstract. Test validation based on usual statistical analyses is paradoxical, as, from a falsificationist perspective, they do not test that test data are ordinal measurements, and, from the ethical perspective, they do not justify the use of test scores. This paper (i) proposes some basic definitions, where measurement is a special case of scientific explanation; starting from the examples of memory accuracy and suicidality as scored by two widely used clinical tests/questionnaires. Moreover, it shows (ii) how to elicit the logic of the observable test events underlying the test scores, and (iii) how the measurability of the target theoretical quantities – memory accuracy and suicidality – can and should be tested at the respondent scale as opposed to the scale of aggregates of respondents. (iv) Criterion-related validity is revisited to stress that invoking the explanative power of test data should draw attention on counterexamples instead of statistical summarization. (v) Finally, it is argued that the justification of the use of test scores in specific settings should be part of the test validation task, because, as tests specialists, psychologists are responsible for proposing their tests for social uses.

Can Eyewitnesses Strategically Regulate Memory Accuracy After Being Misinformed?

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip A. Higham ◽  
Jessica Bloomfield ◽  
Karlos Luna
Keyword(s):  
Memory Accuracy

List Structure Influences Other Factors' Effects on Recovered Memory Accuracy

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne M. Sorgi ◽  
Craig E. Hunt ◽  
Katherine Lee ◽  
Sara C. Jakl ◽  
David R. Gerkens
Keyword(s):  
Recovered Memory ◽  
List Structure ◽  
Memory Accuracy

Working Memory Accuracy Micro-controlled through a Tablet Pen

2020 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. 502-507
Author(s):  
Masatoshi Takita ◽  
Ryu Kato ◽  
Hiroshi Yokoi
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Accuracy

Smiling won’t make you feel better: Response-focused emotion regulation strategies have little impact on cognitive, behavioural, physiological, and subjective outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Bahl ◽  
Allison Ouimet
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Adaptive Strategy ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Memory Accuracy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
The Common ◽  
Subjective Outcomes

Background and Objectives. Response-focused emotion regulation (RF-ER) strategies may alter people’s evoked emotions, influencing psychophysiology, memory accuracy, and affect. Researchers have found that participants engaging in expressive suppression (ES; a RF-ER strategy) experience increased sympathetic nervous system arousal, affect (i.e., higher subjective anxiety and negative emotion), and lowered memory accuracy. It is unclear, however, whether all RF-ER strategies exert maladaptive effects. Expressive dissonance (ED; displaying an expression opposite from how one feels) is a RF-ER strategy, and thus likely considered “maladaptive”. As outlined by the facial feedback hypothesis, however, smiling may increase positive emotion, suggesting it may be an adaptive strategy. We compared the effects of ED and ES to a control condition on psychophysiology, memory accuracy, and affect, to assess whether ED is an adaptive RF-ER strategy, relative to ES. Methods. We randomly assigned 144 female participants to engage in ED, ES, or to naturally observe, while viewing negative and arousing images. We recorded electrodermal activity and self-reported affect throughout the experiment and participants completed memory tasks. Results. There were no differences between groups across outcomes. Conclusion. Engaging in ES or ED may not lead to negative or positive impacts, shedding doubt on the common conclusion that specific strategies are categorically adaptive or maladaptive.

Release from output interference in recognition memory: A test of the attention hypothesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1081-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy H Criss ◽  
Cristina Salomão ◽  
Kenneth J Malmberg ◽  
William Aue ◽  
Aslı Kılıç ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Stimulus Type ◽  
Test List ◽  
Memory Testing ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Output Interference ◽  
Initial Test ◽  
Memory Accuracy ◽  
Attention Hypothesis

Retrieval results in both costs and benefits to episodic memory. Output interference (OI) refers to the finding that episodic memory accuracy decreases with increasing test trials. Release from OI is the restoration of original accuracy at some point during the test. For example, a release from OI in recognition memory testing occurs when the semantic similarity between stimuli decreases midway through testing, suggesting that item representations stored on early trials cause interference on tests occurring on later trials to the extent that the earlier items share features with the latter items. In two recognition memory experiments, we demonstrate release from OI for words and faces. We also test whether release from OI is the result of interference or is due to a boost in attention caused by reorienting to a novel stimulus type. A test for the foils presented during the initial test list supports the interference account of OI. Implications for models of memory are discussed.

scholarly journals Strategic retrieval prevents memory interference: The temporal dynamics of retrieval orientation

2021 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 107776
Author(s):  
Casper Kerrén ◽  
Inês Bramão ◽  
Robin Hellerstedt ◽  
Mikael Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Memory Interference ◽  
Retrieval Orientation

Emotional context effects on memory accuracy for neutral information

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Melody M. Moore ◽  
Emily J. Urban-Wojcik ◽  
Elizabeth A. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Context Effects ◽  
Emotional Context ◽  
Neutral Information ◽  
Memory Accuracy
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