The role of relational information in contingent capture.

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1460-1476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie I. Becker ◽  
Charles L. Folk ◽  
Roger W. Remington
Keyword(s):  
Contingent Capture ◽  
Relational Information

TESTING GOAL-DRIVEN CAPTURE BY THREAT

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Robert Harrison Brown
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Contingent Capture ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Affective Stimuli ◽  
Clinical Disorders ◽  
Positive Stimuli

Attention has long been characterised within prominent models as reflecting a competition between goal-driven and stimulus-driven processes. It remains unclear, however, how involuntary attentional capture by affective stimuli, such as threat-laden content, fits into such models. While such effects were traditionally held to reflect stimulus-driven processes, recent research has increasingly implicated a critical role of goal-driven processes. Here we test an alternative goal-driven account of involuntary attentional capture by threat, using an experimental manipulation of goal-driven attention. To this end we combined the classic ‘contingent capture’ and ‘emotion-induced blink’ (EIB) paradigms in an RSVP task with both positive or threatening target search goals. Across six experiments, positive and threat distractors were presented in peripheral, parafoveal, and central locations. Across all distractor locations, we found that involuntary attentional capture by irrelevant threatening distractors could be induced via the adoption of a search goal for a threatening category; adopting a goal for a positive category conversely led to capture only by positive stimuli. Our findings provide direct experimental evidence for a causal role of voluntary goals in involuntary capture by irrelevant threat stimuli, and hence demonstrate the plausibility of a top-down account of this phenomenon. We discuss the implications of these findings in relation to current cognitive models of attention and clinical disorders.

Scale-invariant Characteristics of Forgetting: Toward a Unifying Account of Hippocampal Forgetting across Short and Long Timescales

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-402
Author(s):  
Talya Sadeh ◽  
Yoni Pertzov
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependent ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Relational Information ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Neural Underpinnings ◽  
Important Extension ◽  
Long Timescales ◽  
Prevailing View

After over 100 years of relative silence in the cognitive literature, recent advances in the study of the neural underpinnings of memory—specifically, the hippocampus—have led to a resurgence of interest in the topic of forgetting. This review draws a theoretically driven picture of the effects of time on forgetting of hippocampus-dependent memories. We review evidence indicating that time-dependent forgetting across short and long timescales is reflected in progressive degradation of hippocampal-dependent relational information. This evidence provides an important extension to a growing body of research accumulated in recent years, showing that—in contrast to the once prevailing view that the hippocampus is exclusively involved in memory and forgetting over long timescales—the role of the hippocampus also extends to memory and forgetting over short timescales. Thus, we maintain that similar rules govern not only remembering but also forgetting of hippocampus-dependent information over short and long timescales.

scholarly journals Focusing on what matters: Modulation of the human hippocampus by relational attention

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia I. Córdova ◽  
Nicholas B. Turk-Browne ◽  
Mariam Aly
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
The Other ◽  
Temporal Relations ◽  
Relational Processing ◽  
Relational Information ◽  
Dynamic Display ◽  
Pattern Similarity ◽  
Online Extraction

AbstractHippocampal episodic memory is fundamentally relational, consisting of links between events and the spatial and temporal contexts in which they occurred. Such relations are also important over much shorter time periods, during online visual perception. For example, how do we assess the relative spatial positions of objects, their temporal order, or the relationship between their features? Here, we investigate the role of the hippocampus in such online relational processing by manipulating visual attention to different kinds of relations in a dynamic display. While undergoing high-resolution fMRI, participants viewed two images in rapid succession on each trial and performed one of three relational tasks, judging the images’ relative: spatial positions, temporal onsets, or sizes. As a control, they sometimes also judged whether one image was tilted, irrespective of the other; this served as a baseline item task with no demands on relational processing. All hippocampal regions of interest (CA1, CA2/3/DG, subiculum) showed reliable deactivation when participants attended to relational vs. item information. Attention to temporal relations was associated with more robust deactivation than the other conditions. One possible interpretation of such deactivation is that it reflects hippocampal disengagement. If true, there should be reduced information content and noisier, less reliable patterns of activity in the hippocampus for the temporal vs. other tasks. Instead, analyses of multivariate activity patterns revealed more stable hippocampal representations in the temporal task. Additional analyses showed that this increased pattern similarity was not simply a reflection of the lower univariate activity. Thus, the hippocampus differentiates between relational and item processing even during online visual perception, and its representations of temporal relations in particular are robust and stable. Together, these findings suggest that the relational computations of the hippocampus, known to be important for memory, extend beyond this purpose, enabling the rapid online extraction of relational information in visual perception.

The Role of Relational Information Processes and Technology Use in Customer Relationship Management

2005 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Jayachandran ◽  
Subhash Sharma ◽  
Peter Kaufman ◽  
Pushkala Raman
Keyword(s):  
Customer Relationship Management ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Relationship Management ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Performance Technology ◽  
Relational Information ◽  
Information Processes ◽  
Relationship Performance

Drawing on the relationship marketing and market information processing literature streams, the authors conceptualize and measure relational information processes, or organizational routines that are critical for customer relationship management (CRM). The authors examine the key drivers and outcome of relational information processes and the role of technology in implementing CRM using data collected from a diverse sample of firms. The results show that relational information processes play a vital role in enhancing an organization's customer relationship performance. By moderating the influence of relational information processes on customer relationship performance, technology used for CRM performs an important and supportive role. The study provides insights into why the use of CRM technology might not always deliver the expected customer relationship performance outcome.

The role of relational information in the production of deceptive messages

1995 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Di Battista ◽  
Matthew Abrahams
Keyword(s):  
Relational Information
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