scholarly journals Evidence of metacognitive control by humans and monkeys in a perceptual categorization task.

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 248-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua S. Redford
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Categorization ◽  
Metacognitive Control ◽  
Categorization Task

Two Categorical Stages of Object Recognition

Perception ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 695-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth K Warrington ◽  
Angela M Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Visual Object ◽  
Visual Object Recognition ◽  
Perceptual Categorization ◽  
Categorization Task ◽  
Semantic Categorization ◽  
Tentative Model ◽  
The Right

Visual object recognition was investigated in a group of eighty-one patients with right- or left-hemisphere lesions. Two tasks were used, one maximizing perceptual categorization by physical identity, the other maximizing semantic categorization by functional identity. The right-hemisphere group showed impairment on the perceptual categorization task and the left-hemisphere group were impaired on the semantic categorization task. The findings are discussed in terms of categorical stages of object recognition. A tentative model of their cerebral organization is suggested.

Visual Recognition

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalanit Grill-Spector ◽  
Nancy Kanwisher
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Exposure Duration ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Natural Images ◽  
Visual Object ◽  
Visual Object Recognition ◽  
Perceptual Categorization ◽  
Identification Task ◽  
Categorization Task ◽  
Processing Steps

What is the sequence of processing steps involved in visual object recognition? We varied the exposure duration of natural images and measured subjects' performance on three different tasks, each designed to tap a different candidate component process of object recognition. For each exposure duration, accuracy was lower and reaction time longer on a within-category identification task (e.g., distinguishing pigeons from other birds) than on a perceptual categorization task (e.g., birds vs. cars). However, strikingly, at each exposure duration, subjects performed just as quickly and accurately on the categorization task as they did on a task requiring only object detection: By the time subjects knew an image contained an object at all, they already knew its category. These findings place powerful constraints on theories of object recognition.

scholarly journals Initial Training With Difficult Items Facilitates Information Integration, but Not Rule-Based Category Learning

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1169-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Spiering ◽  
F. Gregory Ashby
Keyword(s):  
Category Learning ◽  
Information Integration ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Cognitive Skill ◽  
The Other ◽  
Perceptual Categorization ◽  
Initial Training ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Categorization Task ◽  
Better Than

Previous research has disagreed about whether a difficult cognitive skill is best learned by beginning with easy or difficult examples. Two experiments that clarify this debate are reported. Participants in both experiments received one of three types of training on a difficult perceptual categorization task. In one condition, participants began with easy examples, then moved to examples of intermediate difficulty, and finished with the most difficult examples. In a second condition, this order was reversed, and in a third condition, participants saw examples in a random order. The results depended on the type of categories that participants were learning. When the categories could be learned via explicit reasoning (a rule-based task), the three training procedures were equally effective. However, when the categorization rule was difficult to describe verbally (an information-integration task), participants who began with the most difficult items performed much better than participants in the other two conditions.

Quantitative modeling of category learning in amnesic patients

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. VINCENT FILOTEO ◽  
W. TODD MADDOX ◽  
JENNIFER DUNCAN DAVIS
Keyword(s):  
Category Learning ◽  
Rule Learning ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Quantitative Modeling ◽  
Perceptual Categorization ◽  
Categorization Task ◽  
Model Based ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Model Based Analysis

Category rule learning was examined in two amnesic patients using the perceptual categorization task (e.g., Ashby & Gott, 1988; Filoteo & Maddox, 1999). Traditional accuracy-based analyses as well as quantitative model-based analyses were performed. Unlike accuracy-based analyses, the model-based approach allowed us to examine both categorization rule learning and variability in the trial-by-trial application of the participant's categorization rule. The results indicated that the amnesic patients were as accurate as the controls in learning a complex, nonlinear rule over a large number of trials. The model-based analysis indicated that, in general, the amnesic patients learned the categorization rule as well as controls and applied their rule as consistently as controls. Categorization performance on a second day of testing revealed that amnesic patients can retain the categorization rule over a 24-h period. These results suggest that the brain regions damaged in amnesia are not involved in category learning or memory for the category structures. (JINS, 2001, 7, 1–19.)

The neural correlates of concreteness and ambiguity in a semantic categorization task

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny M. Pexman ◽  
Jodi D. Edwards ◽  
Ian S. Hargreaves ◽  
Luke C. Henry ◽  
Bradley Goodyear
Keyword(s):  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Categorization Task ◽  
Semantic Categorization
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