The role of eye movements in the missing-letter effect revisited with the rapid serial visual presentation procedure.

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Saint-Aubin ◽  
Sophie Kenny ◽  
Annie Roy-Charland
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Presentation Procedure

scholarly journals The Location Independence of Learned Attentional Flexibility

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Sali ◽  
Renate Ma ◽  
Mayuri S. Albal ◽  
Julianne Harper Key
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Saccadic Eye Movements ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Block Type ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Single Location ◽  
Study Participants

Individuals are able to harness predictions about the likelihood of needing to shift attention to adjust their shift readiness, known as attentional flexibility. However, the nature of these predictions remain poorly understood. In the current study, participants made saccadic eye movements among three rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) streams of alphanumeric characters in response to embedded visual cues and made button presses in response to targets at the cued location. We manipulated the overall likelihood of receiving a shift cue, known as the list-wide shift probability, across alternating blocks of trials and shifting attention to one of the streams, referred to as the oddball location, was equally likely regardless of the block type. Participants demonstrated smaller target detection shift costs and faster saccade latencies when the list-wide shift probability was high than when the list-wide probability was low and were faster to initiate saccades from the standard location than from the oddball location, reflecting learned modulations in flexibility. Furthermore, in high list-wide shift likelihood blocks, participants were faster to shift attention to the opposing standard target than to the oddball target. However, latencies for shifts to the oddball location in high list-wide shift probability blocks were shorter than those in low list-wide shift probability blocks, demonstrating that attentional flexibility is not yoked to a particular anticipated target location. Our findings provide evidence that moment-by-moment changes in attentional flexibility are not limited to an expectation to shift to a single location, but rather reflect, in part, a location-independent state of control.

scholarly journals Animals Do Not Induce or Reduce Attentional Blinking, But They Are Reported More Accurately in a Rapid Serial Visual Presentation Task

i-Perception ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 204166951773554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hagen ◽  
Bruno Laeng
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Blink ◽  
Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Final Experiment ◽  
Animal Images ◽  
General Advantage

Evolutionary psychologists have suggested that modern humans have evolved to automatically direct their attention toward animal stimuli. Although this suggestion has found support in several attentional paradigms, it is not without controversy. Recently, a study employing methods customary to studying the attentional blink has shown inconclusive support for the prioritization of animals in attention. This showed an advantage for reporting animals as second targets within the typical window of the attentional blink, but it remained unclear whether this advantage was really due to a reduction of the attentional blink. We reassessed for the presence of a reduced attentional blink for animals compared with artifacts by using three disparate stimuli sets. A general advantage for animals was found but no indication of a reduction of the attentional blink for animals. There was no support for the prediction that animal distractors should lead to spontaneous inductions of attentional blinks when presented as critical distractors before single targets. Another experiment with single targets still showed that animals were reported more accurately than artifacts. A final experiment showed that when animals were first target, they did not generate stronger attentional blinks. In summary, we did find a general advantage for animal images in the rapid serial visual presentation task, but animal images did not either induce or reduce attentional blinks. This set of results is in line with conclusions from previous research showing no evidence for a special role of animals in attention.

Neural Correlates of Word Recognition: A Systematic Comparison of Natural Reading and Rapid Serial Visual Presentation

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1374-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benthe Kornrumpf ◽  
Florian Niefind ◽  
Werner Sommer ◽  
Olaf Dimigen
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Word Recognition ◽  
Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Processing Load ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Impact

Neural correlates of word recognition are commonly studied with (rapid) serial visual presentation (RSVP), a condition that eliminates three fundamental properties of natural reading: parafoveal preprocessing, saccade execution, and the fast changes in attentional processing load occurring from fixation to fixation. We combined eye-tracking and EEG to systematically investigate the impact of all three factors on brain-electric activity during reading. Participants read lists of words either actively with eye movements (eliciting fixation-related potentials) or maintained fixation while the text moved passively through foveal vision at a matched pace (RSVP-with-flankers paradigm, eliciting ERPs). The preview of the upcoming word was manipulated by changing the number of parafoveally visible letters. Processing load was varied by presenting words of varying lexical frequency. We found that all three factors have strong interactive effects on the brain's responses to words: Once a word was fixated, occipitotemporal N1 amplitude decreased monotonically with the amount of parafoveal information available during the preceding fixation; hence, the N1 component was markedly attenuated under reading conditions with preview. Importantly, this preview effect was substantially larger during active reading (with saccades) than during passive RSVP with flankers, suggesting that the execution of eye movements facilitates word recognition by increasing parafoveal preprocessing. Lastly, we found that the N1 component elicited by a word also reflects the lexical processing load imposed by the previously inspected word. Together, these results demonstrate that, under more natural conditions, words are recognized in a spatiotemporally distributed and interdependent manner across multiple eye fixations, a process that is mediated by active motor behavior.

The Speed of Sight

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Keysers ◽  
D.-K. Xiao ◽  
P. Földiák ◽  
D. I. Perrett
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Presentation Rate ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Single Neurons ◽  
Macaque Monkeys ◽  
Complex Patterns ◽  
Equivalent Conditions

Macaque monkeys were presented with continuous rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) sequences of unrelated naturalistic images at rates of 14-222 msec/image, while neurons that responded selectively to complex patterns (e.g., faces) were recorded in temporal cortex. Stimulus selectivity was preserved for 65% of these neurons even at surprisingly fast presentation rates (14 msec/image or 72 images/sec). Five human subjects were asked to detect or remember images under equivalent conditions. Their performance in both tasks was above chance at all rates (14-111 msec/image). The performance of single neurons was comparable to that of humans and responded in a similar way to changes in presentation rate. The implications for the role of temporal cortex cells in perception are discussed.

Conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) supports core claims of Christiansen and Chater

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Use Of Knowledge

AbstractRapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of words or pictured scenes provides evidence for a large-capacity conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) that momentarily provides rich associated material from long-term memory, permitting rapid chunking (Potter 1993; 2009; 2012). In perception of scenes as well as language comprehension, we make use of knowledge that briefly exceeds the supposed limits of working memory.

Rapid Serial Auditory Presentation

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 346-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Franco ◽  
Julia Eberlen ◽  
Arnaud Destrebecqz ◽  
Axel Cleeremans ◽  
Julie Bertels
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Learning ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Speech Segmentation ◽  
Auditory Presentation ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Speech Stream ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Presentation Procedure

Abstract. The Rapid Serial Visual Presentation procedure is a method widely used in visual perception research. In this paper we propose an adaptation of this method which can be used with auditory material and enables assessment of statistical learning in speech segmentation. Adult participants were exposed to an artificial speech stream composed of statistically defined trisyllabic nonsense words. They were subsequently instructed to perform a detection task in a Rapid Serial Auditory Presentation (RSAP) stream in which they had to detect a syllable in a short speech stream. Results showed that reaction times varied as a function of the statistical predictability of the syllable: second and third syllables of each word were responded to faster than first syllables. This result suggests that the RSAP procedure provides a reliable and sensitive indirect measure of auditory statistical learning.

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