Supplemental Material for Work Preferences, Life Values, and Personal Views of Top Math/Science Graduate Students and the Profoundly Gifted: Developmental Changes and Gender Differences During Emerging Adulthood and Parenthood

2009 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Life Values ◽  
Work Preferences ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Developmental changes and gender differences in adolescents' perceptions of friendships

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1105-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene H.A. De Goede ◽  
Susan J.T. Branje ◽  
Wim H.J. Meeus
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
And Gender

Spatial exploration strategies in childhood; exploration behaviours are predictive of successful navigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Kate Farran ◽  
Mark Blades ◽  
Kerry D Hudson ◽  
Pascal Sockeel ◽  
Yannick Courbois
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Standard Condition ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Star Order ◽  
Spatial Exploration ◽  
Path Lengths ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Group Comparisons

Five- to 11-year-olds (N=91) explored virtual environments with the goal of learning where everything was within the environment (1 trial; Experiment 1) or to find and collect six stars across two conditions, a standard condition and a condition in which participants could view their location on an overhead map (5 trials/condition; Experiment 2). Four exploration behaviours were derived, and for Experiment 2, two navigation behaviours were derived. Results of Experiment 1 demonstrated that with increasing age, participants visited more of the environment, had longer path lengths and paused less frequently. The effect of gender broadly mirrored this pattern, with males having longer path lengths, visiting more of the environment, making more revisits, and pausing less than females. Results of Experiment 2 demonstrated: within-participant learning of the environment; developmental changes; and gender differences across exploration and navigation variables. Older children and males had higher navigation success and stronger consistency in star order collection. Navigation success was stronger in the overhead map condition, and younger children showed evidence of different exploration behaviour in the overhead map condition compared to the standard condition. Group comparisons and effects of learning across trials demonstrated that optimal exploration was characterised by fewer pauses, making fewer revisits to a previously visited location, and shorter path lengths. Associations between exploration behaviours and navigation success demonstrated strong relationships between pauses, revisits, areas visited, and star order consistency, with navigation success. This study is a first step to understanding exploration behaviour in children and how this relates to navigational success.

Brief Report. The PCL-R and Gender

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Grann
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Violent Offenders ◽  
Matched Pairs ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
And Gender

Summary: Hare's Psychopathy Checklist - Revised (PCL-R; Hare, 1991 ) was originally constructed for use among males in correctional and forensic settings. In this study, the PCL-R protocols of 36 matched pairs of female and male violent offenders were examined with respect to gender differences. The results indicated a few significant differences. By means of discriminant analysis, male Ss were distinguished from their female counterparts through their relatively higher scores on “callous/lack of empathy” (item 8) and “juvenile delinquency” (item 18), whereas the female Ss scored relatively higher on “promiscuous sexual behavior” (item 11). Some sources of bias and possible implications are discussed.

Personal Problem Solving of Partners in Divorce Proceedings

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tereza Soukupova ◽  
Petr Goldmann
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Thematic Apperception Test ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Personal Problem ◽  
Thematic Apperception ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Given

Abstract. The Thematic Apperception Test is one of the most frequently administered apperceptive techniques. Formal scoring systems are helpful in evaluating story responses. TAT stories, made by 20 males and 20 females in the situation of legal divorce proceedings, were coded for detection and comparison of their personal problem solving ability. The evaluating instrument utilized was the Personal Problem Solving System-Revised (PPSS-R) as developed by G. F. Ronan. The results indicate that in relation to card 1, men more often than women saw the cause of the problem as removable. With card 6GF, women were more motivated to resolve the given problem than were men, women had a higher personal control and their stories contained more optimism compared to men’s stories. In relation to card 6BM women, more often than men, used emotions generated from the problem to orient themselves within the problem. With card 13MF, the men’s level of stress was less compared to that of the women, and men were more able to plan within the context of problem-solving. Significant differences in the examined groups were found in those cards which depicted significant gender and parental potentials. The TAT can be used to help identify personality characteristics and gender differences.

Sex and Gender Differences

2012 ◽  
Vol 220 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Hausmann ◽  
Barbara Schober
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Sex And Gender Differences

False Consensus and Gender Differences in the Clinton-Lewinsky Sex Scandal

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford E. Brown ◽  
Nancy A. Perhot ◽  
Julia L. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
False Consensus ◽  
And Gender
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