Developmental maturity and sophistication-maturity: Learning more about its purpose and assessment.

2016 ◽  
pp. 405-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall T. Salekin ◽  
Emily A. M. MacDougall ◽  
Natalie A. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Maturity

Internexin, MAP1B, and nestin in cortical dysplasia as markers of developmental maturity

1997 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 619-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter B. Crino ◽  
John Q. Trojanowski ◽  
Jim Eberwine
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Dysplasia ◽  
Developmental Maturity

scholarly journals Breath-by-breath analysis of cardiorespiratory interaction for quantifying developmental maturity in premature infants

2012 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 859-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Clark ◽  
Craig G. Rusin ◽  
John L. Hudson ◽  
Hoshik Lee ◽  
John B. Delos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Probability Density ◽  
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Breath Analysis ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Interaction ◽  
Developmental Maturity

In healthy neonates, connections between the heart and lungs through brain stem chemosensory pathways and the autonomic nervous system result in cardiorespiratory synchronization. This interdependence between cardiac and respiratory dynamics can be difficult to measure because of intermittent signal quality in intensive care settings and variability of heart and breathing rates. We employed a phase-based measure suggested by Schäfer and coworkers (Schäfer C, Rosenblum MG, Kurths J, Abel HH. Nature 392: 239–240, 1998) to obtain a breath-by-breath analysis of cardiorespiratory interaction. This measure of cardiorespiratory interaction does not distinguish between cardiac control of respiration associated with cardioventilatory coupling and respiratory influences on the heart rate associated with respiratory sinus arrhythmia. We calculated, in sliding 4-min windows, the probability density of heartbeats as a function of the concurrent phase of the respiratory cycle. Probability density functions whose Shannon entropy had a <0.1% chance of occurring from random numbers were classified as exhibiting interaction. In this way, we analyzed 18 infant-years of data from 1,202 patients in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at University of Virginia. We found evidence of interaction in 3.3 patient-years of data (18%). Cardiorespiratory interaction increased several-fold with postnatal development, but, surprisingly, the rate of increase was not affected by gestational age at birth. We find evidence for moderate correspondence between this measure of cardiorespiratory interaction and cardioventilatory coupling and no evidence for respiratory sinus arrhythmia, leading to the need for further investigation of the underlying mechanism. Such continuous measures of physiological interaction may serve to gauge developmental maturity in neonatal intensive care patients and prove useful in decisions about incipient illness and about hospital discharge.

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