Substance use and substance use disorders as risk factors for juvenile offending.

2016 ◽  
pp. 277-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie Chassin ◽  
Andre D. Mansion ◽  
Brandon Nichter ◽  
Danielle Pandika
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Juvenile Offending

The Role of Different Aspects of Impulsivity as Independent Risk Factors for Substance Use Disorders in Patients with ADHD: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slobodin Ortal ◽  
van de Glind Geurt ◽  
Franck Johan ◽  
Berger Itai ◽  
Yachin Nir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Substance Use Relapse Among Veterans at Termination of Treatment for Substance Use Disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian A Betancourt ◽  
Panagiota Kitsantas ◽  
Deborah G Goldberg ◽  
Beth A Hawks
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Classification Tree ◽  
Treatment Completion ◽  
Classification Tree Analysis ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Tree Analysis ◽  
Substance Addiction

ABSTRACT Introduction Military veterans continue to struggle with addiction even after receiving treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs). Identifying factors that may influence SUD relapse upon receiving treatment in veteran populations is crucial for intervention and prevention efforts. The purpose of this study was to examine risk factors that contribute to SUD relapse upon treatment completion in a sample of U.S. veterans using logistic regression and classification tree analysis. Materials and Methods Data from the 2017 Treatment Episode Data Set—Discharge (TEDS-D) included 40,909 veteran episode observations. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analysis were conducted to determine factors associated with SUD relapse after treatment discharge. Classification trees were constructed to identify high-risk subgroups for substance use after discharge from treatment for SUDs. Results Approximately 94% of the veterans relapsed upon discharge from outpatient or residential SUD treatment. Veterans aged 18-34 years old were significantly less likely to relapse than the 35-64 age group (odds ratio [OR] 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66, 0.82), while males were more likely than females to relapse (OR 1.55, 95% CI: 1.34, 1.79). Unemployed veterans (OR 1.92, 95% CI: 1.67, 2.22) or veterans not in the labor force (OR 1.29, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.47) were more likely to relapse than employed veterans. Homeless vs. independently housed veterans had 3.26 (95% CI: 2.55, 4.17) higher odds of relapse after treatment. Veterans with one arrest vs. none were more likely to relapse (OR 1.52, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.95). Treatment completion was critical to maintain sobriety, as every other type of discharge led to more than double the odds of relapse. Veterans who received care at 24-hour detox facilities were 1.49 (95% CI: 1.23, 1.80) times more likely to relapse than those at rehabilitative/residential treatment facilities. Classification tree analysis indicated that homelessness upon discharge was the most important predictor in SUD relapse among veterans. Conclusion Aside from numerous challenges that veterans face after leaving military service, SUD relapse is intensified by risk factors such as homelessness, unemployment, and insufficient SUD treatment. As treatment and preventive care for SUD relapse is an active field of study, further research on SUD relapse among homeless veterans is necessary to better understand the epidemiology of substance addiction among this vulnerable population. The findings of this study can inform healthcare policy and practices targeting veteran-tailored treatment programs to improve SUD treatment completion and lower substance use after treatment.

Substance use disorders as risk factors for suicide in an Eastern and a Central European city (Tallinn and Frankfurt/Main)

2009 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Schneider ◽  
Kairi Kõlves ◽  
Maria Blettner ◽  
Tilman Wetterling ◽  
Axel Schnabel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
European City ◽  
Central European ◽  
Risk Factors For Suicide

Risk factors for symptom exacerbation among treated patients with substance use disorders

Addiction ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf H. Moos ◽  
Aran C. Nichol ◽  
Bernice S. Moos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Symptom Exacerbation

A prospective examination of Axis I psychiatric disorders in the first 5 years following moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1331-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Alway ◽  
K. R. Gould ◽  
L. Johnston ◽  
D. McKenzie ◽  
J. Ponsford
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
First Year ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Over Time

BackgroundPsychiatric disorders commonly emerge during the first year following traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, it is not clear whether these disorders soon remit or persist for long periods post-injury. This study aimed to examine, prospectively: (1) the frequency, (2) patterns of co-morbidity, (3) trajectory, and (4) risk factors for psychiatric disorders during the first 5 years following TBI.MethodParticipants were 161 individuals (78.3% male) with moderate (31.2%) or severe (68.8%) TBI. Psychiatric disorders were diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, administered soon after injury and 3, 6 and 12 months, and 2, 3, 4 and 5 years post-injury. Disorder frequencies and generalized estimating equations were used to identify temporal relationships and risk factors.ResultsIn the first 5 years post-injury, 75.2% received a psychiatric diagnosis, commonly emerging within the first year (77.7%). Anxiety, mood and substance-use disorders were the most common diagnostic classes, often presenting co-morbidly. Many (56.5%) experienced a novel diagnostic class not present prior to injury. Disorder frequency ranged between 61.8 and 35.6% over time, decreasing by 27% [odds ratio (OR) 0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.65–0.83] with each year post-injury. Anxiety disorders declined significantly over time (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.63–0.84), whilst mood and substance-use disorder rates remained stable. The strongest predictors of post-injury disorder were pre-injury disorder (OR 2.44, 95% CI 1.41–4.25) and accident-related limb injury (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.03–3.07).ConclusionsFindings suggest the first year post-injury is a critical period for the emergence of psychiatric disorders. Disorder frequency declines thereafter, with anxiety disorders showing greater resolution than mood and substance-use disorders.

Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders as Predictors of Child to Adult Sexual Revictimization in a Sample of Community Women

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terri L. Messman-Moore ◽  
Patricia J. Long
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Sexual Victimization ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sexual Revictimization ◽  
Verbal Coercion ◽  
Different Types

Alcohol- and substance-related diagnoses were examined as factors in child to adult sexual revictimization. Three hundred community women completed interviews and self-report instruments to obtain information regarding victimization and to diagnose substance use disorders (alcohol and substance abuse/dependence). Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) survivors were more likely than nonvictims to meet criteria for both substance use disorders and to report rape (e.g., unwanted intercourse due to threat or use of force, or due to the inability to consent due to the respondent’s alcohol or drug use) and coerced intercourse (e.g., unwanted intercourse due to verbal coercion or misuse of authority by the perpetrator) by acquaintances, strangers, and husbands. In general, both CSA and substance use disorders were predictive of adult sexual victimization, but there were no significant interactions between these factors. Overall, substance use disorders were related to rape for all women; this relationship was not unique to CSA survivors. Alcohol- and substance-related diagnoses predicted rape by all three types of perpetrators, but CSA was predictive of rape only by acquaintances and strangers and not husbands. In contrast, CSA predicted coerced intercourse by all three perpetrators, while alcohol- and substance-related diagnoses predicted coerced intercourse by acquaintances and strangers, but not husbands. Results highlight the need to continue the study of revictimization of CSA survivors, including examination of both rape and sexually coercive experiences by different types of perpetrators. Findings support continued research of substance use disorders as risk factors for sexual victimization among all women.

scholarly journals Family aggregation and risk factors in substance use disorders over three generations in a nation-wide study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e0177700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Christoph Steinhausen ◽  
Helle Jakobsen ◽  
Povl Munk-Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Family Aggregation
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