Alcohol policy: Interventions to prevent youth alcohol use.

2015 ◽  
pp. 329-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah D. Lynne-Landsman ◽  
Alexander C. Wagenaar
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Policy Interventions

scholarly journals Adolescent alcohol use in Estonia compared to that in Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, and Sweden: results from cross-sectional surveys, 2003–2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy Kudre ◽  
Sigrid Vorobjov ◽  
Kersti Pärna
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Alcohol And Other Drugs

Abstract Background: Patterns of alcohol use often start developing during adolescence and are associated with alcohol use and dependence during adulthood. The aims of the study were to describe trends in the prevalence of monthly alcohol use from 2003 to 2015 and to analyze the associations between alcohol use and family-related and school-related factors, risk behavioral factors and perceived alcohol availability in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, and Sweden.Methods: The study used nationally representative data of 15–16-year-old adolescents from the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD). Data from Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, and Sweden collected in 2003, 2007, 2011, and 2015 were utilized (n=57,779). The prevalence of monthly alcohol use and light and strong alcohol use was calculated for each study year in all countries. A chi-square test for trend was used to evaluate statistically significant changes in alcohol use over the study period. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the association between alcohol use and different factors. Fully adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated.Results: Monthly alcohol use decreased significantly among 15–16-year-old boys and girls in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, and Sweden from 2003 to 2015. In 2015, the prevalence of monthly alcohol use among boys was 36.1% in Estonia, 44.3% in Latvia, 32.4% in Lithuania, 32.3% in Finland, and 22.4% in Sweden, and among girls, it was 39.1%, 45.9%, 35.6%, 31.8%, and 29.1%, respectively. In Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Sweden, girls had higher odds of monthly alcohol use than boys. In all countries, higher odds of monthly alcohol use were observed among adolescents who skipped school, smoked cigarettes, used cannabis, perceived alcohol to be easy to access and had parents who did not know always/often about their child’s whereabouts on Saturday nights.Conclusion: From 2003 to 2015, monthly alcohol use decreased in Estonia as well as in neighboring countries such as Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, and Sweden. The factors related to alcohol use in all five countries were generally similar. Based on the study results, health promotion and alcohol policy interventions could be improved to decrease and prevent alcohol use among adolescents.

Alcohol use among Nigerian youths: the need for drug education and alcohol policy

1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.O. Odejide ◽  
J.U. Ohaeri ◽  
B.A. Ikuesan
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Drug Education

Alcohol Policy Relevant Indicators and Alcohol Use Among Adolescents in Latin America and the Caribbean

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Charlotte Probst ◽  
Maristela Monteiro ◽  
Blake Smith ◽  
Roberta Caixeta ◽  
Aaron Merey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
The Caribbean

scholarly journals Estimating the Burden of Alcohol on Ambulance Callouts through Development and Validation of an Algorithm Using Electronic Patient Records

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6363
Author(s):  
Francesco Manca ◽  
Jim Lewsey ◽  
Ryan Waterson ◽  
Sarah M. Kernaghan ◽  
David Fitzpatrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Services ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Electronic Patient Records ◽  
Algorithm Performance ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Automatic Algorithm

Background: Alcohol consumption places a significant burden on emergency services, including ambulance services, which often represent patients’ first, and sometimes only, contact with health services. We aimed to (1) improve the assessment of this burden on ambulance services in Scotland using a low-cost and easy to implement algorithm to screen free-text in electronic patient record forms (ePRFs), and (2) present estimates on the burden of alcohol on ambulance callouts in Scotland. Methods: Two paramedics manually reviewed 5416 ePRFs to make a professional judgement of whether they were alcohol-related, establishing a gold standard for assessing our algorithm performance. They also extracted all words or phrases relating to alcohol. An automatic algorithm to identify alcohol-related callouts using free-text in EPRs was developed using these extracts. Results: Our algorithm had a specificity of 0.941 and a sensitivity of 0.996 in detecting alcohol-related callouts. Applying the algorithm to all callout records in Scotland in 2019, we identified 86,780 (16.2%) as alcohol-related. At weekends, this percentage was 18.5%. Conclusions: Alcohol-related callouts constitute a significant burden on the Scottish Ambulance Service. Our algorithm is significantly more sensitive than previous methods used to identify alcohol-related ambulance callouts. This approach and the resulting data have potential for the evaluation of alcohol policy interventions as well as for conducting wider epidemiological research.

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