Theories of aging applied to LGBT older adults and their families.

2015 ◽  
pp. 73-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas C. Kimmel
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Theories Of Aging

Biased Recollections in Older Adults: The Role of Implicit Theories of Aging

2004 ◽  
pp. 541-558
Author(s):  
Cathy McFarland ◽  
Michael Ross ◽  
Mark Giltrow
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Implicit Theories ◽  
Theories Of Aging

Spirituality, health and well-being in the elderly

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1741-1742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orestes V. Forlenza ◽  
Homero Vallada
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Theories Of Aging ◽  
Goal Adjustment ◽  
Flexible Goal Adjustment ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Daily Spiritual Experience Scale

Bailly et al. (2018) examined the trajectory of spirituality in a cohort of 567 non-institutionalized older adults living in Tours, France, during a period of five years. The measurements for spirituality (Daily Spiritual Experience Scale, DES), social support (Satisfaction with Social Support subscale of the Duke Social Support Index), and accommodative tendencies (Flexible Goal Adjustment) were longitudinally collected at three time points (2007, 2009, and 2012). The results of the study confirmed some expected observations, such as higher levels of spirituality among religious older adults when compared with the ones without religion, and older women reporting higher levels of spirituality than older men. But the most interesting finding was the observation that the measured levels of spirituality among older adults remained stable during this five-year period. Based on a growing number of studies and theories of aging suggesting that the levels of spirituality increases during a person's lifetime, one would expect an increase in the levels of spirituality along the study follow-up. The authors, however, interpreted the stable level of spirituality informed by the participants as having already reached a relatively high mean rating score of spirituality at baseline. From the beginning of the trail, many participants expressed self-contentment and reported having found meaning in their lives. Moreover, the responders had, in general, more years of education than expected for people in their age group, lived at home independently with a good self-health evaluation, had relatively fewer diseases, and a good perception of financial satisfaction; these characteristics perhaps make this group not representative of the French general population in the same age bracket.

Biased recollections in older adults: The role of implicit theories of aging.

1992 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 837-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy McFarland ◽  
Michael Ross ◽  
Mark Giltrow
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Implicit Theories ◽  
Theories Of Aging

Promoting Actively Aging: Advancing a Framework for Social Work Practice with Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbra Teater ◽  
Jill Chonody
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theories Of Aging ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Gerontological Social Workers

The United States is experiencing a growing aging population, and the profession will need to increase the number of gerontological social workers. However, the social work profession has been relatively quiet in the debate on theories of aging as well as the development of approaches to social work practice with older adults. This article aims to further advance social work practice by critiquing existing aging theories or frameworks against social work values and ethical principles and by presenting the development of actively aging as a framework to guide practice with older adults. Actively aging considers the interplay between individuals' experiences; their meanings of aging; and their social, environmental, political, and cultural structures. The five principles of actively aging are presented, as well as considerations for future research and theory development on aging.

scholarly journals Neural Reorganization and Compensation in Aging

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1275-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexa M. Morcom ◽  
Wendy Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Functional Imaging ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Functional Reorganization ◽  
Theories Of Aging ◽  
The Brain

According to prominent theories of aging, the brain may reorganize to compensate for neural deterioration and prevent or offset cognitive decline. A frequent and striking finding in functional imaging studies is that older adults recruit additional regions relative to young adults performing the same task. This is often interpreted as evidence for functional reorganization, suggesting that, as people age, different regions or networks may support the same cognitive functions. Associations between additional recruitment and better performance in older adults have led to the suggestion that the additional recruitment may contribute to preserved cognitive function in old age and may explain some of the variation among individuals in preservation of function. However, many alternative explanations are possible, and recent findings and methodological developments have highlighted the need for more systematic approaches to determine whether reorganization occurs with age and whether it benefits performance. We reevaluate current evidence for compensatory functional reorganization in the light of recent moves to address these challenges.

scholarly journals Aging during COVID-19 in Germany: A Longitudinal Analysis of Psychosocial Adaptation and Attitudes Toward Aging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Schlomann ◽  
Mareike Bünning ◽  
Lena Hipp ◽  
Hans-Werner Wahl
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Psychosocial Adaptation ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Theories Of Aging ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Social ◽  
Attitudes Toward Aging

Available theories of aging suggest that there may be similarities and differences in how COVID-19 impacts older peoples’ psychosocial adaptation compared to younger age groups, particularly mid-aged individuals. We analyzed data from 3,215 participants between 40 and 79 years gathered at three measurement occasions between the start of the nation-wide lock-down mid-March 2020 and its lifting early August 2020 in an online survey in Germany. The survey focused on everyday experiences during the COVID-19 crisis and collected various satisfaction ratings (e.g., general life satisfaction, satisfaction with family life, satisfaction with social contacts). Participants also provided retrospective satisfaction ratings for their situations before the COVID-19 crisis at baseline. For a small sub-sample of 29 participants (48–78 years), we explored how attitudes toward own aging (ATOA) measured prior to the crisis may have played a role in satisfaction ratings during the crisis. Both mid-aged and older participants experienced the greatest decreases in satisfaction in the social domain, with more pronounced decreases seen in mid-aged participants. We also observed a partial recovery effect in all measures at T3, and this effect was more pronounced in older adults. More negative ATOA prior to the crisis was associated with lowered psychosocial adaptation. Although ageism arose during the pandemic in the sense that older adults were labeled as a “risk group” particularly at the outbreak, we found in accordance with other studies that mid-aged adults’ satisfaction decreased to a greater extent than older adults’. Beginning evidence supports that attitudes toward aging were relevant for adaptation.

scholarly journals SPIRITUAL AND RELIGIOUS CHANGE IN LATER LIFE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S358-S359
Author(s):  
Vern Bengtson ◽  
Merril Silverstein ◽  
Samantha Copping ◽  
Camille Endacott
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Baby Boomers ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Religious Change ◽  
Theories Of Aging ◽  
Developmental Theories ◽  
Spiritual Engagement ◽  
Personality Theories ◽  
Complex Trajectories

Abstract How does religious and or spiritual engagement change with aging? Is there a “return to religion” among aging baby boomers these days? Some theories of aging posit an increase in spirituality toward the end of life, such as the psycho-developmental theories of James, Jung, Erickson, and Tornstam, while others emphasize continuity (no change). We explore this issue in a mixed-methods longitudinal study of older adults’ spiritual and religious trajectories. Data are from surveys with 981 baby boomer participants of the 45-year Longitudinal Study of Generations panel, and intensive interviews with 70 individuals 65-95 from a variety of religious and non-religious backgrounds. Results indicate complex trajectories of increase, decrease, and continuity as individuals move into their later years. We also detect a “return to religion” among baby boomers. We discuss these findings in terms of both life-course personality theories and social integration/support

scholarly journals Aging effects on neural entrainment to a musical beat

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Anne Sauvé ◽  
Emily Bolt ◽  
Sylvie Nozaradan ◽  
Benjamin Zendel
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Musical Rhythm ◽  
Theories Of Aging ◽  
Fast Tempo ◽  
Level Information ◽  
Neural Entrainment ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Brain

When listening to music, the brain entrains to the musical rhythm and produces neural activity at the beat frequency. Younger (<35) and older (>60) adults listened to slow (1.25 Hz) and fast (2.5 Hz) syncopated and non-syncopated rhythms while intermittently performing a tapping task. EEG was recorded and frequency tagging was employed to analyze meter-related and meter-unrelated frequencies elicited by the rhythms. The meter-related frequencies included the beat frequency (BF), its first three harmonics (H1-H3) and the frequency of the whole pattern, or cycle rate (CR) while the meter-unrelated frequencies included the remaining harmonics of the CR up to the eleventh harmonic. Age effects were observed at the BF, where younger adults had larger amplitudes than older adults and at the CR. At the fast tempo, older adults did not differentiate between the CR, the BF and H3. Together, these results suggest older adults experience a breakdown of selective encoding at the fast tempo and reliance on high-level information, exhibiting aspects of both the inhibition and compensation theories of aging.

Cognitive control constrains memory attributions

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen M. Kelley ◽  
Larry L. Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Control

Abstract Cognitive control constrains retrieval processing and so restricts what comes to mind as input to the attribution system. We review evidence that older adults, patients with Alzheimer's disease, and people with traumatic brain injury exert less cognitive control during retrieval, and so are susceptible to memory misattributions in the form of dramatic levels of false remembering.

Cognitive Load Affects Speech Motor Performance Differently in Older and Younger Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1258-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan K. MacPherson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incongruent Condition ◽  
Sentence Production ◽  
Movement Duration ◽  
Production Task ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Speech Motor

PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine the impact of cognitive load imposed by a speech production task on the speech motor performance of healthy older and younger adults. Response inhibition, selective attention, and working memory were the primary cognitive processes of interest.MethodTwelve healthy older and 12 healthy younger adults produced multiple repetitions of 4 sentences containing an embedded Stroop task in 2 cognitive load conditions: congruent and incongruent. The incongruent condition, which required participants to suppress orthographic information to say the font colors in which color words were written, represented an increase in cognitive load relative to the congruent condition in which word text and font color matched. Kinematic measures of articulatory coordination variability and movement duration as well as a behavioral measure of sentence production accuracy were compared between groups and conditions and across 3 sentence segments (pre-, during-, and post-Stroop).ResultsIncreased cognitive load in the incongruent condition was associated with increased articulatory coordination variability and movement duration, compared to the congruent Stroop condition, for both age groups. Overall, the effect of increased cognitive load was greater for older adults than younger adults and was greatest in the portion of the sentence in which cognitive load was manipulated (during-Stroop), followed by the pre-Stroop segment. Sentence production accuracy was reduced for older adults in the incongruent condition.ConclusionsIncreased cognitive load involving response inhibition, selective attention, and working memory processes within a speech production task disrupted both the stability and timing with which speech was produced by both age groups. Older adults' speech motor performance may have been more affected due to age-related changes in cognitive and motoric functions that result in altered motor cognition.

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