Personality development across the life span: Current findings and future directions.

2015 ◽  
pp. 107-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brent Donnellan ◽  
Patrick L. Hill ◽  
Brent W. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Future Directions

The Life Span Development of Generativity

2020 ◽  
pp. 365-384
Author(s):  
Michael W. Pratt ◽  
M. Kyle Matsuba ◽  
Heather L. Lawford ◽  
Feliciano Villar
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Life Domains ◽  
Adult Life Span ◽  
Life Span Development ◽  
Cultural Variations

This chapter addresses the development of generativity, Erikson’s conception of the midlife strength in his eight-stage model of personality development. Following Erikson, the authors define generativity as care for next generations and set it in the context of both personality theory and life span development. Specifically, the authors draw on the framework of McAdams that characterizes personality as composed of three sequentially developing levels: actions, goals/motives, and the narrative life story (a mature form of narrative that provides the self with a sense of meaning and identity). The authors then review research on generativity as expressed from adolescence to later adulthood, which indicates that it is a relevant construct across this entire period in a variety of life domains. They also consider factors influencing generativity levels, including family background and cultural variations. Throughout the chapter, the authors consider the connections of generativity to morality across different facets of personality and stages of the adult life span.

scholarly journals Person-Situation Transactions across the Lifespan

2017 ◽  
pp. 405-425
Author(s):  
Katherine S. Corker ◽  
M. Brent Donnellan
Keyword(s):  
Personality Development ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Developmental Tasks ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Socioemotional Selectivity ◽  
Situational Characteristics ◽  
Explicit Consideration ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
Interactionist Approach

Research on situations has been reinvigorated within social and personality psychology. This chapter argues that a developmental perspective on situations can further enrich understanding of person-situation transactions and generate interesting predictions for future empirical tests. The approach is grounded in life course theory (Elder & Shanahan, 2006), an interactionist approach that considers person-situation dynamics as critical to understanding individual lives. The chapter describes an overarching perspective and reviews principles of personality development before turning to an explicit consideration of how situational characteristics (the Situational Eight DIAMONDS; Rauthmann et al., 2014) may change with age. It then outlines how a developmental tasks perspective and socioemotional selectivity theory can be integrated with the DIAMONDS characteristics. It concludes by describing different kinds of person-situation transactions that promote consistency and change in psychological characteristics across the lifespan and suggests a few future directions for research.

scholarly journals Exercise, brain, and cognition across the life span

2011 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 1505-1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle W. Voss ◽  
Lindsay S. Nagamatsu ◽  
Teresa Liu-Ambrose ◽  
Arthur F. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Exercise Type ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Human Neuroimaging

This is a brief review of current evidence for the relationships between physical activity and exercise and the brain and cognition throughout the life span in non-pathological populations. We focus on the effects of both aerobic and resistance training and provide a brief overview of potential neurobiological mechanisms derived from non-human animal models. Whereas research has focused primarily on the benefits of aerobic exercise in youth and young adult populations, there is growing evidence that both aerobic and resistance training are important for maintaining cognitive and brain health in old age. Finally, in these contexts, we point out gaps in the literature and future directions that will help advance the field of exercise neuroscience, including more studies that explicitly examine the effect of exercise type and intensity on cognition, the brain, and clinically significant outcomes. There is also a need for human neuroimaging studies to adopt a more unified multi-modal framework and for greater interaction between human and animal models of exercise effects on brain and cognition across the life span.

scholarly journals Person-Situation Transactions Across the Lifespan

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine S. Corker ◽  
Brent Donnellan
Keyword(s):  
Personality Development ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Developmental Tasks ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Socioemotional Selectivity ◽  
Situational Characteristics ◽  
Explicit Consideration ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
Interactionist Approach

Research on situations has been reinvigorated within social and personality psychology. The chapter argues that a developmental perspective on situations can further enrich understanding of person-situation transactions and generate interesting predictions for future empirical tests. The approach is grounded in life course theory (Elder & Shanahan, 2006), an interactionist approach that considers person-situation dynamics as critical to understanding individual lives. The chapter describes an overarching perspective and reviews principles of personality development before turning to an explicit consideration of how situational characteristics (the Situational Eight DIAMONDS; Rauthmann et al., 2014) may change with age. It then outlines how a developmental tasks perspective and socioemotional selectivity theory can be integrated with the DIAMONDS characteristics. It concludes by describing different kinds of person-situation transactions that promote consistency and change in psychological characteristics across the lifespan and suggests a few future directions for research.

Mixed Methods Approaches, Narrative Research, and the Futures Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Pratt ◽  
M. Kyle Matsuba
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Narrative Research ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Longitudinal Analyses ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Growth And Change ◽  
Over Time

Chapter 3 begins with the story of the Canadian Futures Study and its growth and change over the 15 years of its research “life span.” To orient the reader to the issues of research on personality and narrative that are the focus of this book, the authors first cover mixed methods, which integrate both qualitative and quantitative approaches to research, and their epistemological and research underpinnings in general. The authors then turn specifically to recent approaches to narrative research, including methods for studying the life story. Broader approaches to developmental methods and longitudinal analyses over time are briefly discussed. The chapter ends with a discussion of the specific research methods used in the collection of data and the analyses of narrative and personality development in the Futures Study.

Stress in Depression

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-126
Author(s):  
Suzanne Vrshek-Schallhorn ◽  
Maria Ditcheva ◽  
Gail Corneau
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Psychiatric Research ◽  
Early Adversity ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Stress Assessment ◽  
Effects Of Stress

That life stress precipitates depression is one of the most replicated findings in psychiatric research, but prior to Brown and Harris’s seminal contributions, insufficiently rigorous methods led to underestimates of the effects of stress and threatened the field. This chapter provides a methodological and historical overview, followed by a review of evidence that recent stress predicts depression across the life span. It also examines demographic vulnerability factors and research on early adversity and depression, closing with future directions. Two themes manifest throughout. First, stress assessment that uses investigator-rated severity, accounts for severity, establishes temporal precedence, and isolates the few months prior to depression onset remains critical to progress. Second, identifying the most potent forms of stress for depression is a key question that will facilitate both preventive/intervention efforts and more powerful tests in mechanistic research. Although evidence points to interpersonal forms of stress, few studies provide the necessary direct tests.

Adolescent Development in an Age-graded Context: The Role of Personal Beliefs, Goals, and Strategies in the Tackling of Developmental Tasks and Standards

1993 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jari-Erik Nurmi
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Adolescent Development ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Developmental Tasks ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
School Work ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Age Appropriate

There is growing interest in how sociocultural context influences personality development, and in how people influence their own development as agents. This article represents an attempt to integrate recent models of social age systems and cognitive personality research with research on adolescence. The objective is to provide a framework for understanding adolescent development in an age-graded context. It is suggested that adolescents develop during the process of setting personal goals by comparing their individual motives with age-graded developmental tasks and role transitions. In order to realise their goals, they construct plans by considering different institutional opportunities in relevant domains, such as school, work, peer relationships, and society in a broader context. Developmental standards and beliefs concerning age-appropriate behaviour provide an eventual basis for the evalution of success along various developmental trajectories. This process also provides a basis for new self-definitions and identity. Related research is reviewed and, in conclusion, some future directions for research on adolescence are suggested.

Personality Development across the Life Span

2013 ◽  
pp. 75-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaap J. A. Denissen ◽  
Marcel A. G. van Aken ◽  
Brent W. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Personality Development
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