The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter (rev. ed.).

1888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Darwin
Keyword(s):  
Charles Darwin

The katydid that was: the tananá, stridulation, Henry Walter Bates and Charles Darwin

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio J. Bidau
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Bush Cricket

The Amazonian bush-cricket or katydid, Thliboscelus hypericifolius (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae), called tananá by the natives was reported to have a song so beautiful that they were kept in cages for the pleasure of listening to the melodious sound. The interchange of letters between Henry Walter Bates and Charles Darwin regarding the tananá and the issue of stridulation in Orthoptera indicates how this mysterious insect, which seems to be very rare, contributed to the theory of sexual selection developed by Darwin.

Darwin's two competing phylogenetic trees: marsupials as ancestors or sister taxa?

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Charles Lyell ◽  
Single Origin ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Richard Owen ◽  
First Time

Studies of the origin and diversification of major groups of plants and animals are contentious topics in current evolutionary biology. This includes the study of the timing and relationships of the two major clades of extant mammals – marsupials and placentals. Molecular studies concerned with marsupial and placental origin and diversification can be at odds with the fossil record. Such studies are, however, not a recent phenomenon. Over 150 years ago Charles Darwin weighed two alternative views on the origin of marsupials and placentals. Less than a year after the publication of On the origin of species, Darwin outlined these in a letter to Charles Lyell dated 23 September 1860. The letter concluded with two competing phylogenetic diagrams. One showed marsupials as ancestral to both living marsupials and placentals, whereas the other showed a non-marsupial, non-placental as being ancestral to both living marsupials and placentals. These two diagrams are published here for the first time. These are the only such competing phylogenetic diagrams that Darwin is known to have produced. In addition to examining the question of mammalian origins in this letter and in other manuscript notes discussed here, Darwin confronted the broader issue as to whether major groups of animals had a single origin (monophyly) or were the result of “continuous creation” as advocated for some groups by Richard Owen. Charles Lyell had held similar views to those of Owen, but it is clear from correspondence with Darwin that he was beginning to accept the idea of monophyly of major groups.

William Yarrell (1784–1856), friend and adviser to Charles Darwin

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Christine E. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Origin Of Species ◽  
Beagle Voyage

For 25 years, from 1831 into 1856, the English zoologist William Yarrell was both a friend and adviser to Charles Darwin. He was regarded by Darwin as a wise and eminent naturalist of the older generation. Yarrell was part of a small group of naturalists, including Leonard Jenyns and John Stevens Henslow, whose interests in ornithology, entomology and geology expanded over the years. Their knowledge helped to support publication of the results of the HMS Beagle voyage and to inform Darwin while he was developing his hypotheses on evolution before the publication of On the Origin of Species, first published in 1859.

Darwin Bicentenary: On the evolution of personal consciousness

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Ádám
Keyword(s):  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Personal Consciousness

A dolgozat Charles Darwin születésének kétszázadik évfordulója (1809) tiszteletére a Magyar Pszichológiai Társaság felkérésére tartott emlékelőadás rövidített szövege. A belső szervekből, nevezetesen az emberi vékony- és a vastagbélből kiinduló érzékelési vizsgálatok adatai vezették el a szerzőt ahhoz a felismeréshez, hogy a tudattalanul végbemenő, elektrofiziológiailag kimutatható, a bélből kiinduló impulzusok tanulás által tudatossá tehetők. A cikk rövid összefoglalója a szerző azon elméletének, mely szerint a személyes tudat és a tudatnélküli állapot egymást kiegészítő, egymásba szüntelenül átbillenő pszichikus jelenségek. A tudattalan-tudatos kettős jelzések a Darwin-féle szelekció fontos humán lépcsőfokainak tekinthetők, amelyek prioritást jelentenek az emberi faj számára az evolúcióban, és egyben tehermentesítő funkciót is jelentenek a természeti és társadalmi környezethez való alkalmazkodás állandó nyomásával szemben. Jelen közlemény némely gondolata már részletes kifejtést nyert lapunk egy korábbi számában (Ádám Gy.: MPSzemle, 2003/2 [58]), valamint „A rejtőzködő elme” című monográfiában (Vince Kiadó, 2004).

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