The technique of controlled experimentation.

2011 ◽  
pp. 445-478
Author(s):  
Charles C. Peters ◽  
Walter R. Van Voorhis
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Experimentation

scholarly journals HESS Opinions On the use of laboratory experimentation: "Hydrologists, bring out shovels and garden hoses and hit the dirt"

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Kleinhans ◽  
M. F. P. Bierkens ◽  
M. van der Perk
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Laboratory Experimentation ◽  
Controlled Experimentation ◽  
Modelling Approaches

Abstract. From an outsider's perspective, hydrology combines field work with modelling, but mostly ignores the potential for gaining understanding and conceiving new hypotheses from controlled laboratory experiments. Sivapalan (2009) pleaded for a question- and hypothesis-driven hydrology where data analysis and top-down modelling approaches lead to general explanations and understanding of general trends and patterns. We discuss why and how such understanding is gained very effectively from controlled experimentation in comparison to field work and modelling. We argue that many major issues in hydrology are open to experimental investigations. Though experiments may have scale problems, these are of similar gravity as the well-known problems of fieldwork and modelling and have not impeded spectacular progress through experimentation in other geosciences.

scholarly journals Validating the Pro-Environmental Behavior Task in a Japanese Sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Lange ◽  
Shimpei Iwasaki
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Choice Behavior ◽  
Environmental Behavior ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Japanese Sample ◽  
Controlled Experimentation ◽  
First Time

Controlled experimentation is critical for understanding the causal determinants of pro-environmental behavior. However, the potential of experimental pro-environmental behavior research is limited by the difficulty to observe pro-environmental behavior under controlled conditions. The Pro-Environmental Behavior Task (PEBT) was developed to address this limitation by facilitating the experimental analysis of pro-environmental behavior in the laboratory. Previous studies in Belgian samples have already supported the validity of the PEBT as a procedure for the study of actual pro-environmental behavior. Here, we aimed for a cross-cultural replication of this finding in a sample of N = 103 Japanese college students. Along the lines of previous studies, we found PEBT choice behavior to be sensitive to within-subject manipulations of its behavioral costs and environmental benefits. This implies that participants take these consequences into account when choosing between PEBT options. In addition, we showed, for the first time, that such consequence effects can also be detected in a less powerful between-subjects design. These results support the generality of consequence effects on PEBT choice behavior as well as the validity and utility of the PEBT for use in samples from different cultural backgrounds.

scholarly journals An intelligent sampling framework for controlled experimentation and QoE modeling

2018 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 246-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Jawad Khokhar ◽  
Nawfal Abbassi Saber ◽  
Thierry Spetebroot ◽  
Chadi Barakat
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Sampling ◽  
Controlled Experimentation

Prediction of voluntary Intake of grass silage by growing cattle using ridge regression

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 ◽  
pp. 68-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Rook ◽  
M. Gill ◽  
M. S. Dhanoa
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Ridge Regression ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Independent Data ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Backward Elimination ◽  
Growing Cattle ◽  
Controlled Experimentation

Due to collinearity among the independent varlates, intake prediction models based on least squares multiple regression are likely to predict poorly with independent data. In addition, the regression coefficients are sensitive to small changes in the estimation data and tend not to reflect causal relationships expected from the results of controlled experimentation. Ridge regression (Hoerl and Kennard, 1970) allows the estimation of new coefficients for the independent variables which overcome these effects of collinearity. In order to assess the usefulness of the method for Intake prediction, ordinary least squares (OLS) models, obtained using backward elimination of variables, and ridge regression models were constructed from the same data and then tested with independent data.Estimation data consisted of results of experiments of IGAP, Hurley and Greenmount College of Agriculture in which growing cattle were individually fed grass silage ad-libitum with or without supplementary feeds. Two subsets of the estimation data were used. Subset A included 395 animals and 36 silages; subset B included 192 animals and 16 silages and was for Hurley data only.

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