Forms of mental defect and derangement.

2011 ◽  
pp. 40-58
Author(s):  
W. Lauder Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Mental Defect

Intelligence and Modern Social Trends

1951 ◽  
Vol 97 (408) ◽  
pp. 468-479
Author(s):  
E. O. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Social Problem ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Mental Deficiency ◽  
Legal Interpretation ◽  
Social Trends ◽  
Mental Defect

Mental deficiency and its synonym “oligophrenia” are terms interpreted very differently in various countries; this has made it almost impossible to compare the statistical data of these countries. The concept the lay person in this country has of mental defect applies with few exceptions to individuals with intelligence quotients below 60 per cent., i.e., idiots, imbecile and obvious simpletons. When a person with this conception of mental defect—and we must admit that it corresponds fairly closely to the legal interpretation of the Mental Deficiency Acts in this country—is told that mental deficiency is a major social problem, the statement is received with some measure of incredulity. There is some justification for this incredulity. The statement is ambiguous and is based upon some rather muddled thinking. If we accept this legal and administrative interpretation of mental defect only about 1 per cent. of the population can be said to be mentally defective. Probably no other 1 per cent. of the population has such a high proportion of decent, docile and law-abiding citizens. If so, what meaning can we give to the statement that mental deficiency is a major social problem ?

Physical and mental defect of chromosomal origin in four individuals of the same family. Trisomy for the short arm of 9

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Blank ◽  
Doreen C. B. Colver ◽  
A. M. Potter ◽  
J. McHugh ◽  
J. Lorber
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Origin ◽  
Mental Defect

The failure of a scientific critique: David Heron, Karl Pearson and Mendelian eugenics

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAMISH G. SPENCER ◽  
DIANE B. PAUL
Keyword(s):  
General Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mental Defect

The bitterness and protracted character of the biometrician–Mendelian debate has long aroused the interest of historians of biology. In this paper, we focus on another and much less discussed facet of the controversy: competing interpretations of the inheritance of mental defect. Today, the views of the early Mendelians, such as Charles B. Davenport and Henry H. Goddard, are universally seen to be mistaken. Some historians assume that the Mendelians' errors were exposed by advances in the science of genetics. Others believe that their mistakes could have been identified by contemporaries. Neither interpretation takes account of the fact that the lapses for which the Mendelian eugenicists are now notorious were, in fact, mostly identified at the time by the biometricians David Heron and Karl Pearson. In this paper we ask why their objections had so little impact. We think the answer illustrates an important general point about the social prerequisites for effective scientific critique.

Moral Problems of Mental Defect

1941 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-312
Author(s):  
O. J. RAEDER
Keyword(s):  
Moral Problems ◽  
Mental Defect

HYPOTONIC CEREBRAL PALSY IN MENTAL DEFECTIVES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-211
Author(s):  
HERMAN YANNET ◽  
FRANK HORTON
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Mental Deficiency ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Pathologic Process ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Convulsive Disorders ◽  
Mental Defectives ◽  
Clinical Pictures ◽  
Mental Defect

The relative importance of the hypotonic type of cerebral palsy among the mentally defective is stressed. This type of cerebral palsy manifests itself in either of three clinical pictures with some overlapping, namely, atonic, ataxic and athetoid. The etiology is variable in each of these groups and may be effective in either the prenatal, paranatal or postnatal periods. The severity of the mental defect, the high incidence of convulsive disorders, and the tendency toward microcephaly point towards the widespread nature of the pathologic process regardless of etiology. The syndrome of atonic diplegia, as herein described, is probably invariably associated with the more severe degrees of mental deficiency.

Group and Family Therapy Abnormalities in Siblings of Schizophrenic Children

1967 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milada Havelkova
Keyword(s):  
Family Therapy ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Marital Discord ◽  
Speech Delay ◽  
Childhood Schizophrenia ◽  
Normal Intelligence ◽  
Intellectual Function ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Borderline Intelligence ◽  
Mental Defect

In 209 families with schizophrenic children, 18 families with more than one abnormal child were found. Among the parents of this group there was a high incidence of marital discord, schizoid personalities and different forms of schizophrenia. Among the siblings mental defect, speech delay, and schizophrenia were found. Because of the high incidence of the children in this group functioning on a mentally defective level, special attention was paid to the problem of the intellectual function of all family members. Twenty-four (40%) of the 60 children in these 18 families studied presented a picture of intellectual defects along with schizophrenic process. In three (5%) mental defect was found without typical symptoms of childhood schizophrenia. None of the parents were found to be mentally defective and only one was found to be of borderline intelligence. Twenty (55%) parents were of normal intelligence and 15 (42%) were bright normal to superior, while the corresponding figures for the children were 22 (36.6%) and six (10%). There were only four children whose intellectual function improved while there were 16 who deteriorated considerably. There was an unexplained finding of an unusually high number of twins among the 18 families. We found five pairs of twins. Two pairs were monozygotic, concordant for schizophrenia. Two pairs were dizygotic, discordant for schizophrenia. One of the fifth pair died early; the second was mentally defective.

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