Measuring adolescent drug abuse and psychosocial factors in four ethnic groups of drug-abusing boys.

2009 ◽  
pp. 657-676
Author(s):  
Ken C. Winters ◽  
William W. Latimer ◽  
Randy D. Stinchfield ◽  
Elizabeth Egan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Psychosocial Factors

Measuring Adolescent Drug Abuse and Psychosocial Factors in Four Ethnic Groups of Drug-Abusing Boys.

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken C. Winters ◽  
William W. Latimer ◽  
Randy D. Stinchfield ◽  
Elizabeth Egan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Psychosocial Factors

Gender Differences in Measuring Adolescent Drug Abuse and Related Psychosocial Factors

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andria M. Botzet ◽  
Ken C. Winters ◽  
Randy Stinchfield
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Psychosocial Factors

Is Current Drug Abuse Prevention Programming Generalizable Across Ethnic Groups?

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 911-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLYDE W. DENT ◽  
STEVE SUSSMAN ◽  
PHYLLIS ELLICKSON ◽  
PERRY BROWN ◽  
JEAN RICHARDSON
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Abuse Prevention ◽  
Drug Abuse Prevention ◽  
Prevention Programming ◽  
Current Drug

scholarly journals An Examination of Ethnic Identity, Self-Compassion, and Acculturative Stress in Asian International Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 635-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Tian ◽  
Shannon McClain ◽  
Marisa M Moore ◽  
Howard Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
International Students ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Acculturative Stress ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Asian International Students ◽  
Group Orientation ◽  
Self Compassion

There is a dearth of research examining psychosocial factors that contribute to Asian international students’ acculturative stress. This study examines: (a) whether ethnic identity associates with acculturative stress, (b) whether other-group orientation mediates the relation between ethnic identity and acculturative stress, and (c) whether self-compassion moderates the relation between ethnic identity and acculturative stress. Results indicated that a stronger ethnic identity was associated with heightened acculturative stress. Self-compassion was significantly negatively associated with acculturative stress. Asian international students who strongly affiliated with their own ethnic group reported an increased openness to other ethnic groups and, in turn, reported reduced acculturative stress. Additional studies should examine other mediators that may explain the positive correlation between ethnic identity and acculturative stress.

scholarly journals PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS INFLUENCING DRUG ABUSE AMONG YOUTHS IN INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS: A CASE STUDY OF MATHARE SLUMS, NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zephaniah Navangi Makokha ◽  
Enos Barasa Mukadi ◽  
Robert Mwebi Bisonga
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Psychosocial Factor ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Frequency Distributions

Large population of youths in informal settlement in Kenya are involved in a number of social vices. These vices may include but not limited to robbery with violence, early marriages, dropping out of school and joining outlawed gangs. Youth involvement in social vices presents great concern to parents, government and non-governmental organizations. With increased prevalence of social vices in informal settlements in Kenya, this study was motivated to investigate the influence of psychosocial factors on drug abuse among the youths in Mathare informal settlements of Nairobi County, Kenya. This study sought to determine the effect of stress level as a psychosocial factor on drug abuse among the youths in Mathare informal settlement. The unit of analysis were persons of both genders falling between 18 years and 35 years of age. The target population was 17,894 youths of which a sample of 391 respondents was selected using proportionate stratified random sampling method. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and analysed using the linear regression analysis where hypotheses were tested at the .05 level of significance. The Content Validity Index (CVI) was utilized for the purposes of validity. The validity of the instruments was checked by the researcher who also sought the opinion of experts from the School of Education in Laikipia University. The reliability coefficients for questionnaire were estimated through Cronbach’s alpha. The resultant alpha for youth questionnaire was r= .827. The questionnaires were considered reliable after yielding a reliability coefficient alpha of at least 0.70. Both the descriptive statistics and inferential statistics was used by the study. The descriptive statistics that were used included the mean, standard deviations and frequency distributions. From the data analysis it was evident that stress level contributes to 2.8% of drug abuse cases among youth in Mathare informal settlements. The study recommends that county Government of Nairobi to economically empower the community of people with emphasis on the youths. This will help them think beyond immediate daily survival and assert greater control over their resources and life choices, especially decisions in investment in health, housing and education. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0760/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

scholarly journals Positive Psychosocial Factors and Cognitive Decline in Ethnically Diverse Older Adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Laura B. Zahodne ◽  
Neika Sharifian ◽  
Ann Zarina Kraal ◽  
Ketlyne Sol ◽  
Afsara B. Zaheed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase

Abstract Objectives: Previous cross-sectional studies have documented associations between positive psychosocial factors, such as self-efficacy and emotional support, and late-life cognition. Further, the magnitudes of concurrent associations may differ across racial and ethnic groups that differ in Alzheimer’s disease risk. The goals of this longitudinal study were to characterize prospective associations between positive psychosocial factors and cognitive decline and explicitly test for differential impact across race and ethnicity. Methods: 578 older adults (42% non-Hispanic Black, 31% non-Hispanic White, and 28% Hispanic) in the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project completed cognitive and psychosocial measures from the NIH Toolbox and standard neuropsychological tests over 2.4 years. Latent difference scores were used to model associations between positive psychosocial factors and cognitive decline controlling for baseline cognition, sociodemographics, depressive symptoms, physical health, and other positive psychosocial factors. Multiple-group modeling was used to test interactions between the positive psychosocial factors and race/ethnicity. Results: Higher NIH Toolbox Friendship scores predicted less episodic memory decline. One standard deviation increase in friendship corresponded to 6 fewer years of memory aging. This association did not significantly differ across racial/ethnic groups. Conclusions: This longitudinal study provides support for the potential importance of friendships for subsequent episodic memory trajectories among older adults from three ethnic groups. Further study into culturally informed interventions is needed to investigate whether and how friend networks may be targeted to promote cognitive health in late life.

Economic inequality increases race salience in 6 million Tweets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh McGovern ◽  
Kelly Kirkland ◽  
Khandis Blake
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Trust In Government ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Us States ◽  
Threat Theory

Economic inequality brings multiple adverse consequences. These range from decreased trust in government, increased drug abuse and violence, and decreased societal cohesion. If and how economic inequality impacts online behaviors has received less attention. Here, we use a corpus of 6 million race tweets posted between 2012 and 2018 to determine the frequency and sentiment of tweets containing ethnic epithets and slurs across all 52 US states. Informed by Integrated Threat Theory, we tested whether inequality increased the use of slurs on social media for the purpose of denigrating other ethnic groups. Consistent with this, we found that states with greater inequality predicted increased use of racial epithets used to denigrate other groups. However, we also found that more unequal locales were positively correlated with increased use of ethnic words used in a positive way (potentially toward other ingroup members). As such, while inequality is correlated with more prejudicial behavior on social media, it may also increase the salience of ethnic group identity more broadly. Implications and future directions are discussed.

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