The need for follow-up studies. Collaborating colleagues, Selection of subjects. Presentation of material. Pitfalls inherent in the retesting situation. The test battery.

2009 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Molly Harrower
Keyword(s):  
Test Battery ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Selection Of

Adductor Spastic Dysphonia: 1 1/2 Years after Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Resection

1981 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold E. Aronson ◽  
Lawrence W. DeSanto
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Physical Effort ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Reduced Volume ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Selection Of

After recurrent laryngeal nerve resection for adductor spastic dysphonia, the voices of 37 patients (ages 39 to 79 years) were assessed 24 hours, 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year after surgery, and those of 33 patients up to 1 1/2 years after surgery. By 24 hours after surgery, 97% of patients had improved and 3% had failed; by 1 month, 97% were still improved while 3% had failed; by 6 months, 92% had maintained improvement while 8% had failed; by 1 year, 68% were still improved but 32% had failed; and by 1 1/2 years, 61% were still improved while 39% had failed. The patients whose voices improved varied from one another in both type and degree of residual dysphonia. The typical postsurgical voice was free of spasm, with some breathiness, hoarseness, and reduced volume being present. The voices of some patients approached normalcy. To most patients, relief from the physical effort to phonate was as important as the improved voice. Continued long-term follow-up studies and careful, collaborative selection of surgical candidates are needed.

The Effect of Patellar Orientation on the Stiffness of the Porcine Femur-Medial Patellofemoral Ligament-Patella Complex

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang E. Kim ◽  
Shanlin Hsu ◽  
Matthew B. Fisher ◽  
Savio L-Y. Woo
Keyword(s):  
Patellar Dislocation ◽  
Medial Patellofemoral Ligament ◽  
Primary Repair ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
The Us ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Graft Tissue ◽  
Redislocation Rate ◽  
Selection Of

Patellar dislocation has an incidence of 5.8 per 100,000 per year in the US, and this number increases by five-fold for adolescents 1. Conservative management has been the preferred treatment, but recent follow-up studies have revealed a high redislocation rate. Similar outcomes were also found following primary repair of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) 2. As a result, replacement with soft tissue autografts has gained attention for recurrent patellar dislocations in recent years 2, 3. As such, the selection of an appropriate graft tissue will need the knowledge of the biomechanical properties of the FMPC, particularly its stiffness for the performance of the graft.

scholarly journals Tracking Errors of Exchange Traded Funds in Bursa Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Alfred Ing-Soon Ku ◽  
Venus Khim-Sen Liew ◽  
Chin-Hong Puah
Keyword(s):  
Tracking Error ◽  
Exchange Traded Funds ◽  
Tracking Errors ◽  
Retail Investors ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Tracking Ability ◽  
Selection Of

This study measures the tracking errors of exchange traded funds (ETFs) listed in Bursa Malaysia. Five measures of tracking errors are estimated in this study for the seven ETFs involved. Overall, the best ETF is METFAPA with the least tracking error. The ranking of the remainder ETFs, in the ascending order of tracking error is MYETFID, METFSID, MYETFDJ, CIMC50, FBMKLCI-EA and CIMBA40 (highest tracking error). The findings in this study is expected to provide clue for passive institutional and retail investors on their selection of ETFs to mimic the portfolio of the desired underlying assets. Moreover, it is anticipated that these findings will motivate the improvement in the tracking ability of the existing ETFs, solicit more follow up studies to encourage the development of new ETFs and increase the participation of investors.

Malleus Grip Prosthesis

1986 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 531-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold F. Schuknecht ◽  
Mary L. Bartley
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
Stapes Surgery ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Conductive Hearing ◽  
Selection Of

The malleus grip prosthesis is designed for ears with conductive hearing loss caused by pathologic conditions of the stapes in association with pathologic conditions of the malleus or incus. The malleus grip procedure was performed on 220 ears, and follow-up studies are available on 203. Mild to profound sensorineural hearing losses occurred in 16 (8.37%). The remaining 187, on the first postoperative test, had an average air-bone gap of 14 dB, and subsequent examinations on 100 of them showed no significant change with the passage of time. The procedure is technically more difficult than stapes surgery for otosclerosis, and success is highly dependent upon selection of appropriate cases and meticulous implantation of the prosthesis.

Current Trends in Pediatric Cochlear Implant Candidate Selection and Postoperative Follow-Up

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Uhler ◽  
René H. Gifford
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
The United States ◽  
Test Battery ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Northwestern University ◽  
Auditory Integration ◽  
Scheduling Protocols ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose In this article, the authors describe current pediatric cochlear implant (CI) assessment and postoperative scheduling protocols in the United States. Method A survey was conducted in 2 phases. Results Response rates were similar between Phase I (10%) and Phase II (13%). Across phases, nearly all respondents reported assessing speech perception both preoperatively and postoperatively. The most frequently used parent questionnaires were the Infant–Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (Robbins, Renshaw, & Berry, 1991), the Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (Robbins et al., 1991), and LittlEARS (Kuehn-Inacken, Weichboldt, Tsiakpini, Coninx, & D'Haese, 2003). The most commonly used speech perception measure for children <23 months of age was the Early Speech Perception Test–Low Verbal (ESP-LV; Moog & Geers, 1990). The most commonly used measures for children 24–35 months of age were the ESP-LV, the Northwestern University of Children's Perception of Speech (Elliot & Katz, 1980), and the Mr. Potato Head task (Robbins, 1993). For children >36 months of age, there was a wide variety of speech perception tests utilized. Patient follow-up visits were weekly or biweekly immediately following CI activation, then every 3 months for the remainder of the 1st year. After the 1st year, most children were seen semiannually. Conclusions Although trends emerged, there is a lack of consistency in the selection of speech perception measures utilized across centers for children <36 months of age. The development of a working group to establish a standard minimum pediatric test battery (similar to the adult Minimum Speech Test Battery) would promote uniformity in clinical protocols used to assess children who receive CIs.

scholarly journals Semen quality among Danish and Finnish men attempting to conceive. The Danish First Pregnancy Planner Study Team

2000 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
TK Jensen ◽  
M Vierula ◽  
NH Hjollund ◽  
M Saaranen ◽  
T Scheike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
World Health ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Selection Of

OBJECTIVE: To assess differences in semen quality between similar populations from Denmark and Finland. DESIGN: Comparison of semen quality between 221 Finnish men (of whom 115 had no proven fertility) and 411 Danish men with no proven fertility in two follow-up studies among normal couples trying to conceive. METHODS: In Finland male partners of couples without experienced infertility attempting to conceive were recruited through advertisements in local newspapers from 1984 to 1986. From 1992 to 1995 Danish men who lived with a partner and who had not attempted to achieve a pregnancy previously were recruited through their union when they discontinued birth control. All semen analyses were performed in accordance with the World Health Organization guidelines. RESULTS: Median sperm concentration, total sperm count and the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa were significantly higher among the Finnish men without proven fertility (104.0 million/ml, 304.0 million and 58% respectively) compared with the Danish men (53.0 million/ml, 140.8 million, and 41% respectively). Sperm concentration was 105.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 58.1%-167.6%) and total sperm count was 127.4% (95% CI 71.4%-201.6%) higher among Finnish men without proven fertility than among Danish men after control for confounders. CONCLUSIONS: Some, but hardly all, of the observed difference in semen quality may be explained by differences in recruitment procedures, selection of the men and by methodological differences in semen analysis between the two countries. Also a birth cohort effect may explain some of the differences between countries as the Finnish men were recruited 11 years before the Danish men. Therefore, follow-up studies with identical recruitment and selection of men from the two countries are needed.

scholarly journals Optimal selection of individuals for repeated covariate measurements in follow-up studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 2420-2433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaakko Reinikainen ◽  
Juha Karvanen ◽  
Hanna Tolonen
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
East West ◽  
Selection Of

Repeated covariate measurements bring important information on the time-varying risk factors in long epidemiological follow-up studies. However, due to budget limitations, it may be possible to carry out the repeated measurements only for a subset of the cohort. We study cost-efficient alternatives for the simple random sampling in the selection of the individuals to be remeasured. The proposed selection criteria are based on forms of the D-optimality. The selection methods are compared with the simulation studies and illustrated with the data from the East–West study carried out in Finland from 1959 to 1999. The results indicate that cost savings can be achieved if the selection is focused on the individuals with high expected risk of the event and, on the other hand, on those with extreme covariate values in the previous measurements.

scholarly journals Evaluating colour preference of lighting with an empty light booth

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1249-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q Liu ◽  
Z Huang ◽  
MR Pointer ◽  
M Ronnier Luo ◽  
K Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Vision ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Subjective Ratings ◽  
Colour Preference ◽  
Dominant Effect ◽  
Interesting Conclusion ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Effect Of Light

In our recent work, the colour preference of several LED white lights with different correlated colour temperatures (CCT) was investigated with a wide selection of objects. The results highlighted the dominant effect of light itself on the colour preference of lighting. In this study, we similarly implemented two psychophysical experiments with the same lights but with nothing in the light booth. It was found that the subjective ratings for the lit environment of the empty booth were quite close to those of the previous studies that used various coloured objects. Such a finding corroborates our former conclusion that light dominates colour preference and we suspect that this finding can be attributed either to the colour memory of the observers or to the subconscious effect of human vision. Thus, it seems that for general multi-CCT conditions where the light sources do not have very different gamut shapes or object desaturation/oversaturation properties, the preferred white light could be determined by simply asking the observers to rate their preference for the lit environment of the empty light booth. To verify this wild and interesting conclusion and further clarify its applicability, follow-up studies are needed.

What graduate follow-up studies can tell us

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 976-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda H Distlehorst
Keyword(s):  
Follow Up Studies
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