Psychosocial models.

2004 ◽  
pp. 201-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M. Bogart ◽  
Douglas L. Delahanty
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Models

Recognition and subtyping of atypical depression by French Practitioners

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 267-271
Author(s):  
P Boyer ◽  
Y Lecrubier ◽  
AJ Puech
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioners ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Atypical Depression ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Form Part ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Psychosocial Models ◽  
Preliminary Phase

SummaryA two-part survey of French General practitioners was carried out to determine attitudes and diagnostic criteria for definition of atypical depression, major depressive episodes, and anxiety disorder. Following a preliminary phase in which 90 physicians were interviewed, 500 general practitioners received detailed questionnaires based upon DSM III-R criteria, as well as supplementary questions based upon the Leibowitz and Akiskal criteria. Principal criteria analysis and regression analysis were carried out on the 280 analyzable files received. Results showed that anxiety disorders were primarily defined in terms of somatic criteria, and that there were a number of factors common to anxiety and depression. Minor depression was also defined primarily on the basis of somatic complaints, together with loss of energy and fatigue. Major depression was defined primarily by asthenia, apragmatism and loss of drive, together with less strongly weighted cognitive factors (sadness, Pessimism, inhibition, etc). From a dimensional standpoint, depression is defined as a “vital deficit”, with a failure to cope with social and environmental demands. It is interesting to note that the duration criterion was not considered to be of nosological relevance by the physicians, and was generally ignored in the definition of mental pathologies. The international subtyping of depressive disorders does not form part of the Practice of French practitioners, who prefer to retain the older, psychosocial models.

scholarly journals The Overdiagnosis of Bipolar Disorder Within Marginalized Communities: A Call to Action

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-99
Author(s):  
Paul Doyen
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Welfare Programs ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Social Welfare Programs ◽  
Psychosocial Models

This paper argues that the overdiagnosis of bipolar disorder (BD) is an urgent and underrecognized problem within the U.S., threatening to expose vulnerable Americans to heightened stigma and harmful drug effects while disguising the environmental and traumagenic roots of their distress. The paper traces BD overdiagnosis to biomedical assumptions about mental illness and to the decline of social welfare policies over the past twenty-five years. It calls on policymakers to address BD overdiagnosis by revising criteria in the DSM 5, developing psychosocial models of mental illness, and reintroducing protective social welfare programs. Finally, the paper urges social workers to educate themselves about the harms of BD overdiagnosis as well as to recognize their own role in medicalizing their clients’ distress.

scholarly journals On-farm biosecurity in livestock production: farmer behaviour, cultural identities and practices of care

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damian Maye ◽  
Kin Wing (Ray) Chan
Keyword(s):  
Science Studies ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Farmer Behaviour ◽  
Biosecurity Practices ◽  
Farming Industry ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Psychosocial Models ◽  
Farm Biosecurity

Definitions of biosecurity typically include generalised statements about how biosecurity risks on farms should be managed and contained. However, in reality, on-farm biosecurity practices are uneven and transfer differently between social groups, geographical scales and agricultural commodity chains. This paper reviews social science studies that examine on-farm biosecurity for animal health. We first review behavioural and psychosocial models of individual farmer behaviour/decisions. Behavioural approaches are prominent in biosecurity policy but have limitations because of a focus on individual farmer behaviour and intentions. We then review geographical and rural sociological work that emphasises social and cultural structures, contexts and norms that guide disease behaviour. Socio-cultural approaches have the capacity to extend the more commonly applied behavioural approaches and contribute to the better formulation of biosecurity policy and on-farm practice. This includes strengthening our understanding of ‘good farming' identity, tacit knowledge, farmer influence networks, and reformulating biosecurity as localised practices of care. Recognising on-farm biosecurity as practices of biosecure farming care offers a new way of engaging, motivating and encouraging farmers to manage and contain diseases on farm. This is critical given government intentions to devolve biosecurity governance to the farming industry.

Toward bridging the gap between biological, psychobiological and psychosocial models of alcohol craving

Addiction ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Monti ◽  
Damaris J. Rohsenow ◽  
Kent E. Hutchison
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Craving ◽  
Psychosocial Models
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