Sexual abuse of girls and HIV infection among women: Are they related?

2005 ◽  
pp. 69-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda J. Koenig ◽  
Hollie Clark
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Hiv Infection

HIV/AIDS and Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 376-380
Author(s):  
Chandrashekhara Chandrashekhara ◽  
Sandeepkumar O
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hiv Aids

Children are innocent victims of HIV infection through vertical transmission. Children who are HIV positive, either through mother-to-child transmission or following sexual abuse, are often not told what could happen to them, and they will certainly be frightened when they experience symptoms.

Situational and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Children Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus From Pediatric Sexual Abuse

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
George A. Gellert ◽  
Michael J. Durfee ◽  
Carol D. Berkowitz ◽  
Kathleen V. Higgins ◽  
Vincent C. Tubiolo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Antibody Testing ◽  
Hiv Seropositive

This study assessed the situational and sociodemographic characteristics of children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from pediatric sexual abuse. A letter of inquiry was sent to 2147 professionals across health and social service disciplines involved with child abuse assessment, treatment, and prevention. Respondents working in programs where HIV antibody testing of abuse victims occurs and who had identified HIV infection in one or more abused children were sent a survey to assess the demographics of victims, the family/living situation where abuse occurred, alternative risks for HIV infection, bases for diagnosis of sexual abuse and for HIV antibody testing, and profiles of the perpetrator and type of abuse. Of 5622 estimated HIV antibody tests conducted during 113 198 sex abuse assessments, 28 children were infected with HIV and lacked any alternative transmission route to that of sexual abuse. A total of 41 HIV-infected children with a history of sexual abuse were identified. Thirteen cases had alternative risk factors and were excluded from analysis. Sixty-four percent of the 28 victims with sexual abuse as the sole risk factor were female and 71% were African-American. The mean age was 9 years. Coinfection with another sexually transmitted disease (STD) occurred in 9 (33%) cases. Sexual abuse was diagnosed on the basis of a victim disclosure in 21 (75%) cases. The basis for HIV antibody testing was physical findings suggestive of HIV infection in 9 (32%) cases, HIV-seropositive or high-risk perpetrator in 6 (21%) and 2 (7%) cases, respectively, and the presence of another STD in the victim in 4 (14%) cases. Perpetrators were a child's parent in 10 (42%) cases and another relative in 6 (25%) cases. Perpetrators had behavioral risk factors for or signs/symptoms of HIV infection in 14 (58%) cases. The serostatus of perpetrators was known at time of abuse assessment in 16 (67%) cases and all were seropositive. Duration and form of abusive acts were variable, with 3 victims reporting a single episode and 13 (68%) reporting 6 or more episodes. Penile vaginal and/or rectal penetration was reported in only 50% of cases. It is concluded that sexual abuse must be considered as a potential, although infrequent, mode of transmission of HIV infection in children. Children who have been abused should be evaluated selectively for HIV infection particularly if the perpetrator is known to be HIV seropositive or engages in HIV high-risk behavior, if abuse occurred in a geographic area of high disease prevalence, and if the child has symptoms of HIV infection or another STD. Children who are found to be HIV infected and lack risk factors such as prior transfusion or maternal (perinatal) infection should be assessed for pediatric sexual abuse.

scholarly journals Adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse and subsequent risk of HIV infection.

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 572-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Zierler ◽  
L Feingold ◽  
D Laufer ◽  
P Velentgas ◽  
I Kantrowitz-Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Adult Survivors ◽  
Subsequent Risk

scholarly journals Childhood Sexual Abuse and Risk Behaviors Among Men at High Risk for HIV Infection

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen DiIorio ◽  
Tyler Hartwell ◽  
Nellie Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risk Behaviors

scholarly journals Does a history of sexual and physical childhood abuse contribute to HIV infection risk in adulthood? A study among post-natal women in Harare, Zimbabwe

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simukai Shamu ◽  
Patience Shamu ◽  
Christina Zarowsky ◽  
Marleen Temmerman ◽  
Tamara Shefer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
First Sex ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hiv Acquisition ◽  
Physical And Sexual Abuse

BackgroundSexual and physical abuse in childhood creates a great health burden including on mental and reproductive health. A possible link between child abuse and HIV infection has increasingly attracted attention. This paper investigated whether a history of child physical and sexual abuse is associated with HIV infection among adult women.MethodsA cross sectional survey was conducted among 2042 postnatal women (mean age=26y) attending six public primary health care clinics in Harare, Zimbabwe within 6 weeks post-delivery. Clinic records were reviewed for mother’s antenatal HIV status. Participants were interviewed about childhood abuse including physical or sexual abuse before 15 years of age, forced first sex before 16, HIV risk factors such as age difference at first sex before age 16. Multivariate analyses assessed the associations between mother’s HIV status and child physical and sexual abuse while controlling for confounding variables.ResultsMore than one in four (26.6%) reported abuse before the age of 15: 14.6% physical abuse and 9.1% sexual abuse,14.3% reported forced first sex and 9.0% first sex before 16 with someone 5+ years older. Fifteen percent of women tested HIV positive during the recent antenatal care visit. In multivariate analysis, childhood physical abuse (aOR 3.30 95%CI 1.58- 6.90), sexual abuse (3.18 95%CI: 1.64-6.19), forced first sex (aOR 1.42, 95%CI: 1.00-2.02), and 5+ years age difference with first sex partner (aOR 1.66 95%CI 1.09-2.53) were independently associated with HIV infection.ConclusionThis study confirms that child physical and/or sexual abuse increases risk for HIV acquisition. Further research is needed to assess the pathways to HIV acquisition from childhood to adulthood. Prevention of child abuse must form part of the HIV prevention agenda in Sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals Evaluation of sociopsychological factors of HIV vulnerability in youth of Russian South (according to the data of behavioral research)

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
T. A. Kondratenko ◽  
D. V. Vorontsov ◽  
S. R. Saukhat ◽  
N. G. Tyutyunkova ◽  
E. A. Maksimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Gender Ideology ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hiv Vulnerability ◽  
Sociopsychological Factors

Aim. To evaluate the links between the individual gender ideology, sexual statements, relationship system characteristics and the vulnerability of heterosexual HIV infection. Materials and methods. Behavioral questioning, based on sampling of 239 students (mean age 20 years). Results. Among both young men and women, there was detected a correlation between loyalty to conservative gender ideology and justification of sexual abuse against women as well as characteristics of interpersonal relations, reducing motivation to use of condoms. Conservative gender ideology significantly raises vulnerability of young women against HIV-infection through their justification of sexual abuse and domination of men. Egalitarian gender ideology is essentially connected with the statements, aimed at less risky, as for HIV infection, sexual practice. Conservative gender ideology supports orientation of youth to behavioral models, elevating vulnerability against HIV infection in heterosexual contacts: refusal from use of condoms, resistance to recommendations for decrease of risk. Conclusions. Conservative gender ideology significantly increases vulnerability of young women against HIV infection through their justification of sexual abuse and domination of men. It is useful to include determination of a number of sociopsychological characteristics into the procedure of behavioral studies in the framework of epidemiological supervision of HIV infection, which can indirectly increase vulnerability of youth against HIV infection. There were offered content changes in programs, directed to decrease of risk among youth.

scholarly journals Child sexual abuse and HIV infection.

BMJ ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 303 (6799) ◽  
pp. 415-415
Author(s):  
M Burgess ◽  
J Welch
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Hiv Infection
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