Do Not Resuscitate Orders, Living Wills, and Surrogate Decision Making.

2005 ◽  
pp. 41-59
Author(s):  
Barry Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Living Wills ◽  
Surrogate Decision Making ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate Orders ◽  
Surrogate Decision

Ethical Issues in Surgery

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira J. Kodner ◽  
Mary E. Klingensmith ◽  
Jason D. Keune
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Surrogate Decision Making ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate ◽  
Surgical Innovation ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Respect For Autonomy ◽  
Surgical Ethics ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate Orders ◽  
Surrogate Decision

To be a good surgeon, one must be technically good and scientifically sound, but also ethical to the degree that has traditionally been demanded by our profession. In this chapter, the authors discuss what ethical problems in surgery are and how they might be approached. Respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice define Principlism that forms the backbone of most discourse in clinical medical ethics. Consequentialism/utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics, “ethics of care”, and casuistry are all covered. The authors then scrutinize several contemporary problems in surgical ethics. Described and discussed in depth are issues associated with the ‘end of life’; surrogate decision making, futility, “do not resuscitate” orders in the operating room, conflicts of interest, industry payments, and surgical innovation, informed consent, and refusal of care. This review is not meant to be an exhaustive treatment of surgical ethics but a survey highlighting the most common ethical problems. This review contains 2 figures, 3 tables, and 61 references.

Advance Directives, Do Not Resuscitate Orders, and Power of Attorney for Health Care

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret L. Schwarze
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Advance Directives ◽  
Living Will ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Living Wills ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate ◽  
Power Of Attorney ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate Orders ◽  
Surrogate Decision ◽  
Binding Mechanisms

Documentation of future wishes for life-supporting therapy includes living wills, do not resuscitate orders, and designations of a durable power of attorney for health care. All are legally binding mechanisms. Because surgeons may need to refer to these documents, this chapter discusses the use of advance directives and living wills in surgical patients, the use of do not resuscitate orders in the operating room, and the activation and use of power of attorney and subsequent surrogate decision-making. A figure shows a living will designating conditions for resuscitation. This review contains 42 references.

Ethical Issues in Surgery

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira J. Kodner ◽  
Mary E. Klingensmith ◽  
Jason D. Keune
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Surrogate Decision Making ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate ◽  
Surgical Innovation ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Respect For Autonomy ◽  
Surgical Ethics ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate Orders ◽  
Surrogate Decision

To be a good surgeon, one must be technically good and scientifically sound, but also ethical to the degree that has traditionally been demanded by our profession. In this chapter, the authors discuss what ethical problems in surgery are and how they might be approached. Respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice define Principlism that forms the backbone of most discourse in clinical medical ethics. Consequentialism/utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics, “ethics of care”, and casuistry are all covered. The authors then scrutinize several contemporary problems in surgical ethics. Described and discussed in depth are issues associated with the ‘end of life’; surrogate decision making, futility, “do not resuscitate” orders in the operating room, conflicts of interest, industry payments, and surgical innovation, informed consent, and refusal of care. This review is not meant to be an exhaustive treatment of surgical ethics but a survey highlighting the most common ethical problems. This review contains 2 figures, 3 tables, and 61 references.

Ethical Issues in Surgery

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira J. Kodner ◽  
Mary E. Klingensmith ◽  
Jason D. Keune
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Surrogate Decision Making ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate ◽  
Surgical Innovation ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Respect For Autonomy ◽  
Surgical Ethics ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate Orders ◽  
Surrogate Decision

To be a good surgeon, one must be technically good and scientifically sound, but also ethical to the degree that has traditionally been demanded by our profession. In this chapter, the authors discuss what ethical problems in surgery are and how they might be approached. Respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice define Principlism that forms the backbone of most discourse in clinical medical ethics. Consequentialism/utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics, “ethics of care”, and casuistry are all covered. The authors then scrutinize several contemporary problems in surgical ethics. Described and discussed in depth are issues associated with the ‘end of life’; surrogate decision making, futility, “do not resuscitate” orders in the operating room, conflicts of interest, industry payments, and surgical innovation, informed consent, and refusal of care. This review is not meant to be an exhaustive treatment of surgical ethics but a survey highlighting the most common ethical problems. This review contains 2 figures, 3 tables, and 61 references.

Considering a family systems approach to surrogate decision-making.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-87
Author(s):  
Elizabeth K. Vig ◽  
Janelle S. Taylor ◽  
Ann M. O'Hare
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Family Systems ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Surrogate Decision Making ◽  
Surrogate Decision

scholarly journals Religion and Spirituality in Surrogate Decision Making for Hospitalized Older Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 765-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin N. Geros-Willfond ◽  
Steven S. Ivy ◽  
Kianna Montz ◽  
Sara E. Bohan ◽  
Alexia M. Torke
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Surrogate Decision Making ◽  
Religion And Spirituality ◽  
Hospitalized Older Adults ◽  
Surrogate Decision

scholarly journals A Scenario-Based Investigation of Surrogate Decision Making for Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 703-703
Author(s):  
Yuxin Zhao ◽  
Benjamin Katz ◽  
Pamela Teaster
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Surrogate Decision Making ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Surrogate Decision ◽  
Critically Ill Adults ◽  
Amazon's Mechanical Turk

Abstract Surrogate decisions involve complex, challenging choices; surrogate decision-makers make treatment decisions for approximately 40% of hospitalized adults and 70% of older adults, and up to 95% of critically ill adults of any age. The purpose of our study was to understand how people make decisions for others and how surrogate decision making is linked to people’s cognition, self-efficacy, and demographics, especially differences in acute (e.g., health and medical care, financial management, and end of life) versus general scenarios (spending time with family, contacting an insurance company on behalf of a family member). Participants were recruited through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. We collected data from 290 adult participants aged 18 years or older. On average, people reported a higher level of confidence in general versus acute scenario. The differences of confidence in scenario-based surrogate decision-making links to decision-makers’ cognition, self-efficacy, the experience of decision-making, the experience of caregiving, and demographic factors.

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