A history of Division 27 (Society for Community Research and Action).

2004 ◽  
pp. 73-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana M. Meritt ◽  
George J. Greene ◽  
David A. Jopp ◽  
James G. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Community Research ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals The history of the F. Erisman Institute of Public Health and its directions of activity during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
N. I. Briko ◽  
A. Ya. Mindlina ◽  
R. V. Polibin ◽  
P. D. Lopukhov
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Preventive Medicine ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Public Health Epidemiology

In 2020, exactly 90 years have passed since the first sanitary faculty in the history of medical education (F. ErismannInstitute of Public Health, nowadays) was found in the 1st Moscow Medical Institute (Sechenov University, nowadays).The history of the faculty unites the names of prominent scientists in the field of preventive medicine: F. Erismann, N.A. Semashko, A.V. Molkov, A.N. Sysin, E.M. Tareev and many, many others. New challenges to public health continueto appear in our time. The direction of “preventive medicine” has become more important than ever in the context of a pandemic of infection caused by the novel coronavirus (COronaVIrus Disease-19, COVID-19). The issues of epidemiologyand hygiene have become extremely relevant for doctors of any profile, not only for preventive ones (epidemiologists and hygienists). The strategic task today is to increase the “preventive medicine” specialty’s authority. It is also important to preserve and enhance the domestic experience of studying the disciplines of preventive medicine, harmonizing the content of educational programs with the world community. Research work at the Institute is carried out in 4 main areas of preventive medicine and public health: epidemiology, public health, microbiology, and hygiene.This review presents the main historical milestones in the development of teaching the specialty “preventive medicine” at the Sechenov University, the current state, and prospects for further development.

Germline cancer susceptibility mutations in older women with breast cancer (BC).

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13030-e13030
Author(s):  
Yanin Chavarri Guerra ◽  
Sharon Sand ◽  
Sandra Brown ◽  
Carolyn B. Hendricks ◽  
Mary Hander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Gene Variants ◽  
Risk Gene ◽  
Germline Variant ◽  
History Of

e13030 Background: Older women with BC are less likely to undergo genetic cancer risk assessment since a hallmark of hereditary BC is younger age at onset. Hence there are limited data regarding genetic risk assessment findings in older women with BC. We analyzed the clinical characteristics and germline variant profiles of women with history of BC referred for genetic counseling at age ≥ 65 years, enrolled in the Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network registry. Methods: Women age ≥ 65 with a history of BC (invasive or ductal carcinoma in situ) who underwent genetic testing from 1997 to 2016 were included. The profile of those found to have BC-related pathogenic variants was analyzed. Demographic and clinical characteristics for those with and without germline variants were compared using Fisher’s test and x2statistics. Results: 1372 women age ≥ 65 with BC were identified. Genetic testing was performed in 75% (n = 1035), among whom 10.4% (n = 108) had a germline variant in a BC-associated gene. High risk gene variants accounted for 85.1% (n = 92): BRCA2 (41.6%, n = 45), BRCA1 (37%, n = 40), PALB2 (5.5%, n = 6) and TP53 ( < 1%, n = 1). Moderate risk gene variants were identified in 16.6% (n = 18): CHEK2 (13.8%, n = 15), ATM (1.8%, n = 2) and NF1 ( < 1%, n = 1). Mean age at BC diagnosis was 56.4 (range 29 - 84) for women with variants and 60.9 (range 20 - 90) for those without (p < .001). 25.9% of women with variants (n = 28) had their first BC diagnosed ≥ age 65, of which 60.7% (n = 17) were BRCA2 and 21.4% (n = 6) were BRCA1 mutations ( BRCA2 was significantly higher in women diagnosed with BC age ≥ 65 [p < .001]). There was no difference in the mean number of 1st, 2nd and 3rd degree relatives with BC (2.4 [range 0-10] vs 2.2 [range 0-15]) for women with and without variants, respectively, and no difference in stage at diagnosis (Stage I-II in 95% vs 89.5%, p = .4). Women with variants were less likely to have ER/PR positive tumors than those without (66% vs 81.6%, p = .01). Conclusions: BC related susceptibility variants, particularly in BRCA2, are found in a significant number of older women undergoing genetic testing for a first diagnosis of BC ≥ 65. Older women with a clinical suspicion of hereditary BC should not be excluded from genetic testing and counseling based on chronological age alone.

scholarly journals Effects of Media Sensationalization on Cognitive Performance and Post Concussive Symptoms

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-100
Author(s):  
Cara A. Bussell ◽  
Brandon E. Gavett
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
History Of

AbstractObjectives:The current study aimed to examine if televised media about mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) framed in a sensationalized manner had a negative impact on cognitive functioning and persistent mTBI symptoms.Methods:One hundred two participants (MAge=37.16;SD=22.61) with a history of post-acute mTBI, recruited through a community research registry and an undergraduate recruitment system, were included in this study. Participants were assessed with a measure of health literacy, the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA), and randomized to watch either a sensationalized or non-sensationalized news clip focused on mTBI. They were then assessed with the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ), Patient Reported Outcome Measures Information System (PROMIS) Depression scale, and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (PCL-5).Results:Bayesian analyses indicated that sensationalized media—alone (βPASAT=−0.08;βRPQ=−0.08) or in the context of covariates (βPASAT=−0.11;βRPQ=−0.14)—was not a strong predictor of PASAT score or post-concussion syndrome symptom severity.Conclusions:Although media sensationalization of mTBI symptoms is not desirable, this study suggests that one brief exposure to sensationalized information may not have a meaningful immediate impact on the cognitive functioning or symptom reporting of individuals with a history of mTBI. Future research should examine long-term and downstream effects of sensationalized media reporting in samples with greater diversity of TBI history. (JINS, 2019, 25, 90–100)

scholarly journals “Museum Construction Should Be Science-Based”: On the History of the Conceptual Model of the Museum in the Early Soviet Period

2020 ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Vitaly G. Ananiev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Art And Culture ◽  
Source Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The 1917 Revolution had a significant impact on all aspects of life in Russia. The museum field also experienced its influence. The new conceptual framework of culture determined the soon formation of a new conceptual model of the museum. Its final codification occurred after the First All-Russian Museum Congress in 1930. However, in order to better understand the specific features of this model, it is necessary to consider its prehistory. Such an understanding is the aim of this article. The author analyzes materials from the St. Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which has not previously attracted researchers’ attention. He uses classical methods of source studies (textology and historical source criticism) and close reading as the main epistemological tool for research. These are materials from the commission established in August 1920 to prepare for the unification of the Hermitage and the Russian Museum into a single Museum of World Art and Culture. The new authorities made this decision on August 2, 1920. The commission included representatives of the academic world and representatives of the new government. The meeting was headed by S.A. Zhebelev, a prominent professor of ancient history. Very soon, the commission turned to the consideration of general issues of the museum. At several of its meetings, it discussed the question of the relationship between basic museological functions: research and education. This issue was not considered in the abstract dimension, but through the specifics of museum work, in particular, of exhibition activities. All the participants recognized the importance of the educational activities of the museum, but at the same time recognized these activities as subordinate to research work. Representatives of the new power almost did not participate in this discussion, although they actively expressed themselves and debated on other issues, for example, on the question of the direct merging and redistribution of museum collections. Another issue that arose in connection with the discussion of museum functions was the issue of training museum professionals. In general, the nature of the discussed issues and the very content of the discussion demonstrate that Russian museology passed through an empirically-descriptive stage in its development during this period. Representatives of the new government did not yet actively intervene in the development of the model of an ideal museum. For representatives of the academic community, research was more important than education as a basic museum function.

Genetic, clinical and pathological characteristics of BRCA-associated breast cancer (BC) in Hispanic patients in the United States (US) and Latin America (LatAm).

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1539-1539
Author(s):  
Yanin Chavarri Guerra ◽  
Sharon Sand ◽  
Marcia Cruz Correa ◽  
Pamela Ganschow ◽  
Nancy Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Genomics ◽  
Hispanic Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Brca Mutations ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Us ◽  
Hispanic Patients ◽  
History Of

1539 Background: Hispanic women with BC present at a younger age, have a higher frequency of BRCA mutations and show a worse incidence-to-mortality ratio than non-Hispanic women. Information regarding the characteristics of BRCA-associated BC in Hispanics is limited. Here, we assess differences in BRCA-associated BC between Hispanic patients in the US and in LatAm. Methods: Hispanic patients from the US and LatAm (Mexico, Colombia, Peru, and Puerto Rico) with a history of BRCA-associated BC enrolled in the Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network registry were included. We compared the genetic, demographic, clinical and pathologic characteristics between Hispanics from the US and LatAm using Fisher’s exact test and x2statistics. Results: Between 1997 and 2016, 3670 Hispanic patients with a history of BC from LatAm (n = 1341) and the US (n = 2329) were identified, of which 490 (13.3%) had a deleterious BRCA mutation. The frequency of BRCA mutations was similar in Hispanics from LatAm (13.8%, n = 185) and the US (13.1%, n = 305). No significant differences were found in the frequency of BRCA1 vs BRCA2 mutations between patients from LatAm (BRCA1 68%, BRCA2 31.8%) and the US (BRCA1 61.3%, BRCA2 39%) (p = .12). The most frequent mutations found in BRCA1 were: ex 9-12del (LatAm n = 24, US n = 15), 185delAG (LatAm n = 13, US n = 18) and 943ins10 (LatAm n = 3, US n = 8), and in BRCA2 3492insT (LatAm n = 3, US n = 28). Mean age at BC diagnosis was 39.1 (SD 9.5) in LatAm and 41.7 (SD 10.6) in the US (p = 0.01). US patients were significantly more likely to present with Stage 0-II BC than those from LatAm (77.1% vs. 47.6%, p < .001). We found no differences in the proportion of hormone receptor positive tumors between patients from LatAm (45%) and the US (47%) (p = .78). Conclusions: The frequency of BRCA-associated BC was similar between Hispanics in LatAm and the US. Women from LatAm with BRCA mutations present at a younger age, as seen for sporadic BC; the causes for this finding warrant further research. Women with BRCA-associated BC in LatAm are more likely to have advanced BC at presentation, which may be a reflection of disparities and barriers in access to care.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Prolonged Cognitive and Psychological Symptoms Following COVID-19 in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Frontera ◽  
Ariane Lewis ◽  
Kara Melmed ◽  
Jessica Lin ◽  
Daniel Kondziella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Short Form ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background/ObjectivesLittle is known regarding the prevalence and predictors of prolonged cognitive and psychological symptoms of COVID-19 among community-dwellers. We aimed to quantitatively measure self-reported metrics of fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, anxiety, depression, and sleep and identify factors associated with these metrics among United States residents with or without COVID-19.MethodsWe solicited 1000 adult United States residents for an online survey conducted February 3–5, 2021 utilizing a commercial crowdsourcing community research platform. The platform curates eligible participants to approximate United States demographics by age, sex, and race proportions. COVID-19 was diagnosed by laboratory testing and/or by exposure to a known positive contact with subsequent typical symptoms. Prolonged COVID-19 was self-reported and coded for those with symptoms ≥ 1 month following initial diagnosis. The primary outcomes were NIH PROMIS/Neuro-QoL short-form T-scores for fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, anxiety, depression, and sleep compared among those with prolonged COVID-19 symptoms, COVID-19 without prolonged symptoms and COVID-19 negative subjects. Multivariable backwards step-wise logistic regression models were constructed to predict abnormal Neuro-QoL metrics.ResultsAmong 999 respondents, the average age was 45 years (range 18–84), 49% were male, 76 (7.6%) had a history of COVID-19 and 19/76 (25%) COVID-19 positive participants reported prolonged symptoms lasting a median of 4 months (range 1–13). Prolonged COVID-19 participants were more often younger, female, Hispanic, and had a history of depression/mood/thought disorder (all P &lt; 0.05). They experienced significantly higher rates of unemployment and financial insecurity, and their symptoms created greater interference with work and household activities compared to other COVID-19 status groups (all P &lt; 0.05). After adjusting for demographics, past medical history and stressor covariates in multivariable logistic regression analysis, COVID-19 status was independently predictive of worse Neuro-QoL cognitive dysfunction scores (adjusted OR 11.52, 95% CI 1.01–2.28, P = 0.047), but there were no significant differences in quantitative measures of anxiety, depression, fatigue, or sleep.ConclusionProlonged symptoms occurred in 25% of COVID-19 positive participants, and NeuroQoL cognitive dysfunction scores were significantly worse among COVID-19 positive subjects, even after accounting for demographic and stressor covariates. Fatigue, anxiety, depression, and sleep scores did not differ between COVID-19 positive and negative respondents.

Organizing Community Research Partnerships in the Struggle against AIDS

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean J. Schensul
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Aids Prevention ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Research Partnerships ◽  
Prevention Studies ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theory Research

Despite pharmaceutical advances, AIDS remains a health problem difficult to treat, leaving preventive interventions as the primary means of promoting risk avoidance. Increasing the capacity of university-based researchers to develop culturally, developmentally, and contextually appropriate AIDS prevention strategies requires the collaboration of community service and advocacy partners. To date, neither university researchers nor community providers have a great deal of partnership experience. Thus, a common language and set of experiences are yet to be developed. This article reviews the history of university-community and researchercommunity collaboration for AIDS research and intervention, placing the innovative work of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Center for AIDS Prevention Studies and its community and foundation partnerships among those efforts at the forefront of the community-university dialogue. It concludes with suggestions derived from the collaborative work of UCSF researchers and community service partners to strengthen efforts to develop theory, research methods, and results that are immediately useful and productive of long-term prevention research efforts.

Collective monograph dedicated to the results of 65-year long research of natural and artificial biogeocoenoses under the conditions of steppe by collective of the complex expedition of Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Y. V. Tsaryk ◽  
V. I. Parpan ◽  
V. V. Nykyforov ◽  
I. Y. Tsaryk
Keyword(s):  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Scientific Staff ◽  
National University ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The monograph consists of 13 original articles, considering history of the complex expedition, fundamental data of soil micromorphology, content of heavy metals in it, physical and chemical properties of the soils under the steppe conditions. It is ascertained the role of light structure in the formation of artificial forest plantations; the results of grass community research are given as well. Floral and coenotic structures of wetland ecosystems of the Samara river basin and the water regime of forest and steppe biogeocoenoses of Prysamarya are described. The role of mammals, amphibians, reptiles and butterflies in the structure of steppe biogeocoenoses of Ukraine is characterized. The bases for biogeocoenological ways of forest restoration of devastated lands as well as information about the diversity of Oribatida mites in West Donbas are presented.  The collective monograph in memoriam for Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Prof., Corresponding member of NAS Ukraine A. P. Travleyev, which has passed away in September 2016, is necessary for the scientific staff, lecturers, postgraduate students, biology students, ecologists, and forest, water and agriculture personnel. 

Abstract 044: Association Of Cardiovascular Comorbidities With Sars-cov-2 Seropositivity In A Population-based Cohort.

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Ivanov ◽  
Rahul V Annabathula ◽  
Aziz Hammoud ◽  
David X Zhao ◽  
Adolfo Correa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Background: Following the outbreak of SARS-COV2 > 7,750,000 Americans were diagnosed with COVID-19. Many comorbidities were found to be associated with increased risk of severe disease. Due to limited testing and high percent of asymptomatic cases the exact prevalence is unclear. Moreover, whether the presence of comorbidities is associated with an increased rate of COVID-19 remains unknown. Methods: COVID-19 Community Research Partnership (CCRP) is a prospective cohort designed to collect information about the community's coronavirus exposures, symptoms, and prevalence (NCT04342884). Serological substudy is a prospective case series evaluating development of IgM or IgG in randomly selected 5000 participants from the CCRP cohort. Serological test kits are shipped to the volunteers monthly. Prevalence of comorbidities was estimated using electronic health records. Results: There were 4902 patients included in the analysis (Figure). Of those, 2,832 (57.8%) were female, mean age±SD was 49.6±14.4. There were 3,871 (79%) Caucasians, 422 (8.6%) - African Americans and 242 (4.9%) - Hispanics (Table). From May 2020 to August 2020, 424 patients (8.7%) seroconverted (IgM or IgG positive): 327 (6.7%) were found to be IgM positive/ IgG negative, 38 (0.8%)- IgM negative/IgG positive and 59 (1.2%) - IgM positive/ IgG positive. Prevalence of comorbidities was low: 1,318 (26.9%) patients have hypertension, 1,379 (28.1%)- hyperlipidemia, 413 (8.4%)- diabetes, 217 (4.4%)- coronary artery disease, 156 (3.2%)- peripheral arterial disease, 132 (2.7%)- atrial fibrillation, 95 (1.9%)- history of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, and 54 (1.1%)- history of heart failure (HF). Only the presence of HF was associated with an increased odds ratio of seroconversion OR 2.4, (1.21- 4.87), p<0.012. This association remained robust after controlling for age, sex and race. Conclusion: Prevalence of seroconversion was near 9%. Presence of heart failure was independently associated with an increased odds ratio of seroconversion.

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