The Jobs I preventive intervention for unemployed individuals: Short- and long-term effects on reemployment and mental health.

1995 ◽  
pp. 125-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amiram D. Vinokur ◽  
Richard H. Price ◽  
Robert D. Caplan ◽  
Michelle van Ryn ◽  
Joan Curran
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Immediate and Long-Term Effects of an 8-Week Digital Mental Health Intervention on Adults With Poorly Managed Type 2 Diabetes: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/18578 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e18578
Author(s):  
Eliane Boucher ◽  
Judith T Moskowitz ◽  
Gina M Kackloudis ◽  
Julia L Stafford ◽  
Ian Kwok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Therapeutic Platform

Background Diabetes is a leading cause of years of life lost and accounts for approximately one-fourth of health care dollars spent in the United States. Many of these costs are related to poor medication adherence and lack of self-care behaviors and are thus preventable. Depression, which is more prevalent among people with diabetes than in the general population, predicts poorer management of one’s diabetes, whereas positive affect predicts engaging in more positive health behaviors. Consequently, interventions that improve depression and positive affect may also improve diabetes-related outcomes among people with diabetes. Although preliminary research on the impact of such interventions among people with diabetes is promising, these studies focused primarily on in-person interventions, have had small samples, and lack long-term follow-up. Objective This study aims to examine the short- and long-term effects of a digital therapeutic platform focused on mental health among adults with poorly managed type 2 diabetes and elevated levels of depression. Methods This is a randomized controlled trial in which adults with a type 2 diabetes diagnosis, elevated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (≧7), and moderate to severe depressive symptoms will be randomly assigned to a positive emotion regulation skills intervention group or a sham digital intervention with only psychoeducational content. The study will take place over 14 months, including the 8-week intervention (or control) delivered via a digital therapeutic platform (Happify Health) and follow-up assessments at 3, 6, and 12 months postintervention. Throughout the intervention and for 1 week at each postintervention follow-up, participants will complete daily assessments of diabetes-related distress, diabetes regimen adherence, and mood. Our primary outcome, HbA1c, will be self-reported every 3 months throughout the study. Secondary and exploratory outcomes will be assessed at baseline; at 8 weeks; and at 3, 6, and 12 months postintervention. Results Recruitment is expected to begin in June 2020. Participants will begin the study as they are recruited and will finish in waves. The final wave of data collection from the 8-week intervention is expected for winter 2020, with the completion of the 12-month follow-up in winter 2021. Conclusions Although previous research suggests that in-person psychological interventions have promising effects on both psychological and physical outcomes among adults with diabetes, digital interventions can be advantageous because they are easily scalable and reduce many barriers that prevent people from seeking treatment. This trial will provide important information about the effects of a digital mental health intervention among adults with type 2 diabetes, assessing both short- and long-term effects of this intervention on HbA1c, depressive symptoms, and other diabetes-specific outcomes. If successful, this may introduce a scalable intervention that would help reduce some of the preventable costs associated with diabetes. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04068805; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04068805. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/18578

scholarly journals Immediate and Long-Term Effects of an 8-Week Digital Mental Health Intervention on Adults With Poorly Managed Type 2 Diabetes: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane Boucher ◽  
Judith T Moskowitz ◽  
Gina M Kackloudis ◽  
Julia L Stafford ◽  
Ian Kwok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Therapeutic Platform

BACKGROUND Diabetes is a leading cause of years of life lost and accounts for approximately one-fourth of health care dollars spent in the United States. Many of these costs are related to poor medication adherence and lack of self-care behaviors and are thus preventable. Depression, which is more prevalent among people with diabetes than in the general population, predicts poorer management of one’s diabetes, whereas positive affect predicts engaging in more positive health behaviors. Consequently, interventions that improve depression and positive affect may also improve diabetes-related outcomes among people with diabetes. Although preliminary research on the impact of such interventions among people with diabetes is promising, these studies focused primarily on in-person interventions, have had small samples, and lack long-term follow-up. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the short- and long-term effects of a digital therapeutic platform focused on mental health among adults with poorly managed type 2 diabetes and elevated levels of depression. METHODS This is a randomized controlled trial in which adults with a type 2 diabetes diagnosis, elevated hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> (HbA<sub>1c</sub>) levels (≧7), and moderate to severe depressive symptoms will be randomly assigned to a positive emotion regulation skills intervention group or a sham digital intervention with only psychoeducational content. The study will take place over 14 months, including the 8-week intervention (or control) delivered via a digital therapeutic platform (Happify Health) and follow-up assessments at 3, 6, and 12 months postintervention. Throughout the intervention and for 1 week at each postintervention follow-up, participants will complete daily assessments of diabetes-related distress, diabetes regimen adherence, and mood. Our primary outcome, HbA<sub>1c</sub>, will be self-reported every 3 months throughout the study. Secondary and exploratory outcomes will be assessed at baseline; at 8 weeks; and at 3, 6, and 12 months postintervention. RESULTS Recruitment is expected to begin in June 2020. Participants will begin the study as they are recruited and will finish in waves. The final wave of data collection from the 8-week intervention is expected for winter 2020, with the completion of the 12-month follow-up in winter 2021. CONCLUSIONS Although previous research suggests that in-person psychological interventions have promising effects on both psychological and physical outcomes among adults with diabetes, digital interventions can be advantageous because they are easily scalable and reduce many barriers that prevent people from seeking treatment. This trial will provide important information about the effects of a digital mental health intervention among adults with type 2 diabetes, assessing both short- and long-term effects of this intervention on HbA1c, depressive symptoms, and other diabetes-specific outcomes. If successful, this may introduce a scalable intervention that would help reduce some of the preventable costs associated with diabetes. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04068805; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04068805. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT PRR1-10.2196/18578

Long-Term Effects of a Preventive Intervention for Divorced Families on Offsprings' Problematic Beliefs About Divorce

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole E. Mahrer ◽  
Colleen M. Carr ◽  
Sharlene A. Wolchik ◽  
Irwin N. Sandler ◽  
Jenn-Yun Tein
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Divorced Families

Saskatchewan Highways and Transportation Reduced Tire Pressure Initiative

1997 ◽  
Vol 1589 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Davies ◽  
Tami F. Wall ◽  
Allan Carpentier
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Vehicle Stability ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Tire Pressure ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Short And Long Term

After examination of the research carried out by other agencies, Saskatchewan Highways and Transportation (SHT) embarked on an initiative to adapt low tire pressure technologies to the province's needs and environment. The focus of the initiative was to explore several technical questions from SHT's perspective: (a) Can low tire pressures be used to increase truck weights from secondary to primary without increasing road maintenance costs on thin membrane surface roads? (b) What are the short- and long-term effects of tire heating under high-speed/high-deflection constant reduced pressure (CRP) operations in a Saskatchewan environment? (c) What effects do lower tire pressures have on vehicle stability at highway speeds? To date, significant opportunities have been noted on local hauls (less than 30 min loaded at highway speeds) for CRP operation and long primary highway hauls that begin or end in relatively short secondary highway sections that limit vehicle weight allowed for the whole trip for central tire inflation technology. The background and environment for the initiative and the investigations and demonstrations envisioned and undertaken are briefly outlined.

The Neurobiology of Pain

2019 ◽  
pp. 387-414
Author(s):  
Maria Fitzgerald ◽  
Michael W. Salter
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Pain Pathways ◽  
Developmental Age ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Age And Sex

The influence of development and sex on pain perception has long been recognized but only recently has it become clear that this is due to specific differences in underlying pain neurobiology. This chapter summarizes the evidence for mechanistic differences in male and female pain biology and for functional changes in pain pathways through infancy, adolescence, and adulthood. It describes how both developmental age and sex determine peripheral nociception, spinal and brainstem processing, brain networks, and neuroimmune pathways in pain. Finally, the chapter discusses emerging evidence for interactions between sex and development and the importance of sex in the short- and long-term effects of early life pain.

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