Psychoanalytic theory, dream formation, and REM sleep.

A Research-Based Reconsideration of the Psychoanalytic Theory of Dreaming

Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association ◽

10.1177/000306519204000211 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 531-550 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Ramon Greenberg ◽

Howard Katz ◽

Wynn Schwartz ◽

Chester Pearlman

Keyword(s):

Rem Sleep ◽

Psychoanalytic Theory ◽

Mental Activity ◽

Future Research ◽

Sleep Research ◽

Psychoanalytic Experience

We present a brief review of sleep research which, when combined with psychoanalytic experience, has led to the hypothesis that REM sleep and dreaming serve the function of adaptation by the process of integration of information. We then report the results of a study of dreams, based on this hypothesis. We studied dreams and their relation to waking mental activity and found a correlation between problems in manifest dreams and those in pre- and postsleep waking life. Dreams can be understood on the basis of problems that appear in them. We also found evidence for a relation between the solution of problems in dreams and the fate of those problems the next day. We discuss these findings in relation to some of the controversies about dreaming, and then present suggestions for future research.

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Toward a psychoanalytic theory of drive: REM Sleep, a CNS self-stimulation system

Clinical Psychology Review ◽

10.1016/0272-7358(85)90043-1 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 185-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Steven J. Ellman

Keyword(s):

Rem Sleep ◽

Psychoanalytic Theory ◽

Stimulation System ◽

Self Stimulation

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Electrographic status epilepticus during non-REM sleep: A report of three cases

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology ◽

10.1016/s0013-4694(97)89042-x ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 103 (1) ◽

pp. 216

Author(s):

S Hajnsek

Keyword(s):

Status Epilepticus ◽

Rem Sleep

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Spectral and Topographic Microstructure of Brain Alpha Activity During Drowsiness at Sleep Onset and REM Sleep

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027//0269-8803.14.3.151 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 151-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

José Luis Cantero ◽

Mercedes Atienza

Keyword(s):

Rem Sleep ◽

Spectral Component ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Quantitative Information ◽

Maximum Energy ◽

Alpha Activity ◽

The Other ◽

Classification Algorithms ◽

Microstructural Properties ◽

Brain States

Abstract High-resolution frequency methods were used to describe the spectral and topographic microstructure of human spontaneous alpha activity in the drowsiness (DR) period at sleep onset and during REM sleep. Electroencephalographic (EEG), electrooculographic (EOG), and electromyographic (EMG) measurements were obtained during sleep in 10 healthy volunteer subjects. Spectral microstructure of alpha activity during DR showed a significant maximum power with respect to REM-alpha bursts for the components in the 9.7-10.9 Hz range, whereas REM-alpha bursts reached their maximum statistical differentiation from the sleep onset alpha activity at the components between 7.8 and 8.6 Hz. Furthermore, the maximum energy over occipital regions appeared in a different spectral component in each brain activation state, namely, 10.1 Hz in drowsiness and 8.6 Hz in REM sleep. These results provide quantitative information for differentiating the drowsiness alpha activity and REM-alpha by studying their microstructural properties. On the other hand, these data suggest that the spectral microstructure of alpha activity during sleep onset and REM sleep could be a useful index to implement in automatic classification algorithms in order to improve the differentiation between the two brain states.

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