Interindividual differences in intraindividual change.

1991 ◽  
pp. 92-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Nesselroade
Keyword(s):  
Interindividual Differences ◽  
Intraindividual Change

The Influence of Daily Coping on Anxiety Under Examination Stress: A Model of Interindividual Differences in Intraindividual Change

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 907-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masumi Iida ◽  
Marci Gleason ◽  
Amie S. Green-Rapaport ◽  
Niall Bolger ◽  
Patrick E. Shrout
Keyword(s):  
Stressful Event ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Interindividual Differences ◽  
Intraindividual Change ◽  
Positive Reinterpretation ◽  
Bar Examination ◽  
Practical Support ◽  
Coping Effectiveness ◽  
Examination Stress ◽  
Support Seeking

Although much is known about people’s attempts to cope with stressors, unmeasured heterogeneity in these stressors has made it difficult to assess the effectiveness of coping attempts. We remedied this problem by focusing on coping effectiveness in people preparing for a major, planned, uniform stressor, the Bar Examination. Within-person analyses of longitudinal data on anxiety in 321 persons over 35 days provided evidence on (a) coping effectiveness for the typical person, (b) how effectiveness changed across time, and (c) the extent to which individuals differed in their effectiveness. For the typical person, active coping and positive reinterpretation on one day were associated with reduced anxiety the next morning, whereas practical support seeking, venting, and mental disengagement were associated with increased anxiety. The effectiveness of planning, acceptance, and disengagement varied as a function of time to the stressful event. Finally, there were large individual differences in coping effectiveness across the sample.

Testing all six person-oriented principles in dynamic factor analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. M. Molenaar
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Dynamic Factor Analysis ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Dynamic Factor ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Interindividual Differences ◽  
Intraindividual Change ◽  
Complex Interactions

AbstractAll six person-oriented principles identified by Sterba and Bauer's Keynote Article can be tested by means of dynamic factor analysis in its current form. In particular, it is shown how complex interactions and interindividual differences/intraindividual change can be tested in this way. In addition, the necessity to use single-subject methods in the analysis of developmental processes is emphasized, and attention is drawn to the possibility to optimally treat developmental psychopathology by means of new computational techniques that can be integrated with dynamic factor analysis.

Interindividual Differences in Cognitive Functioning Are Associated with Autobiographical Memory Retrieval Specificity in Older Adults

GeroPsych ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Peters ◽  
Signy Sheldon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Generation Task ◽  
Interindividual Differences ◽  
Retrieval Cues ◽  
Contextual Support

Abstract. We examined whether interindividual differences in cognitive functioning among older adults are related to episodic memory engagement during autobiographical memory retrieval. Older adults ( n = 49, 24 males; mean age = 69.93; mean education = 15.45) with different levels of cognitive functioning, estimated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), retrieved multiple memories (generation task) and the details of a single memory (elaboration task) to cues representing thematic or event-specific autobiographical knowledge. We found that the MoCA score positively predicted the proportion of specific memories for generation and episodic details for elaboration, but only to cues that represented event-specific information. The results demonstrate that individuals with healthy, but not unhealthy, cognitive status can leverage contextual support from retrieval cues to improve autobiographical specificity.

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