Complex secondary process cognition in creativity

1981 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 726-726
Author(s):  
Albert Rothenberg
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Process

scholarly journals Improving Manufacturing Applications of Machine Learning by Understanding Defect Classification and the Critical Error Threshold

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Blondheim
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Error Threshold ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Secondary Process ◽  
Defect Classification ◽  
Critical Error ◽  
Manufacturing Applications ◽  
Applications Of Machine Learning ◽  
Manufacturing Environments

AbstractMachine learning (ML) is unlocking patterns and insight into data to provide financial value and knowledge for organizations. Use of machine learning in manufacturing environments is increasing, yet sometimes these applications fail to produce meaningful results. A critical review of how defects are classified is needed to appropriately apply machine learning in a production foundry and other manufacturing processes. Four elements associated with defect classification are proposed: Binary Acceptance Specifications, Stochastic Formation of Defects, Secondary Process Variation, and Visual Defect Inspection. These four elements create data space overlap, which influences the bias associated with training supervised machine learning algorithms. If this influence is significant enough, the predicted error of the model exceeds a critical error threshold (CET). There is no financial motivation to implement the ML model in the manufacturing environment if its error is greater than the CET. The goal is to bring awareness to these four elements, define the critical error threshold, and offer guidance and future study recommendations on data collection and machine learning that will increase the success of ML within manufacturing.

scholarly journals Panniculitis in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-336
Author(s):  
Isabelle Moulonguet ◽  
Sylvie Fraitag
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Secondary Process ◽  
Immune Disorders ◽  
Lesion Site ◽  
Heterogenous Group ◽  
Systemic Disorder ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules. Although the patient’s age and the lesion site provide information, a histopathological assessment is sometimes required for a definitive diagnosis and classification of the disorder. In children, most panniculitides are lobular. At present, autoimmune inflammatory diseases and primary immunodeficiencies have been better characterised; panniculitis can be the presenting symptom in some of these settings. Unexplained panniculitis in a young child should prompt a detailed screen for monogenic immune disorders because the latter usually manifest themselves early in life. Here, we review forms of panniculitis that occur primarily in children, with a focus on newly described entities.

scholarly journals Studies on silk proteins I. The properties and constitution of fibroin. The conversion of fibroin into a water-soluble form and its bearing on the phenomenon of denaturation

1947 ◽  
Vol 190 (1021) ◽  
pp. 145-169 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Optical Rotation ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Secondary Process ◽  
Amide Nitrogen ◽  
Water Soluble Protein ◽  
The Mean

Some of the constituent amino-acids of fibroin (degummed silk) are determined. Special attention is directed to histidine, owing to its use in the calculation of the molecular weight of fibroin. A value of 0⋅45% has been found by methods in which the histidine is isolated as nitranilate or di-(3:4-dichlorobenzenesulphonate). Other values obtained are serine 12⋅6%, threonine 1⋅5%, tyrosine 10⋅6%, and proline 1⋅5%. Hydroxyproline appears to be absent, but the presence of small amounts of some hydroxyamino-acid other than serine and threonine is indicated. The mean residue weight of fibroin is determined by three methods, one of which is a new method based on analysis of the complex formed between fibroin and cupri-ethylenediamine. This method gives a Cu:fibroin-N ratio of 1:1⋅92 and, if allowance is made for co-ordination with the tyrosine hydroxy1 group, an equivalence of 1⋅964 atoms of peptide-nitrogen to 1 atom of copper is obtained. The three methods give an average value of 78⋅0 for the mean residue weight of fibroin. This value, together with the most acceptable data for amino-acid constituents, indicate that the unidentified anhydro-residues (about 20%) have a mean residue weight of about 107. Evidence is presented that fibroin contains no amide-nitrogen. Methods for the determination of amide-nitrogen at present in use, which indicate a content of 1 to 2%, are considered to be unreliable. Fibroin dissolved in cupri-ethylenediamine gives, on neutralization and dialysis of the resulting solution, a water-soluble protein. The production of this water-soluble protein is attended by little or no degradation of the original fibroin as shown by determinations of fluidity, amino-nitrogen, and acid- and alkali-combining power. The water-soluble protein is precipitated by the normal protein-precipitating reagents, but in every instance examined the precipitated material exhibits an insolubility comparable with that of the original fibroin. Factors responsible for the solubilization process are investigated and data for molecular weight, titration values, ultra-violet absorption spectra, reducing activity, optical rotation, tryptic hydrolysis, and viscosity for both soluble and dispersed fibroin are given. Soluble fibroin has [ α ] D 15 — 53⋅1° and dispersed fibroin [ α ] D 15 — 58⋅9°, both in aqueous media. The preparation and properties of films and filaments of fibroin are described. Films of fibroin can be prepared that are water-soluble. On stretching, these films show strain-birefringence, acquire considerable tensile strength, and become insoluble in water, but X-ray examination gives the β -keratin pattern for both the stretched and unstretched films. Reasons are advanced for considering the water-soluble form of fibroin to be the native or renatured protein and the original protein to be the denatured form. The denaturation of fibroin is discussed on the basis that denaturation is essentially an unfolding of a coiled long-chain molecule. The subsequent aggregation of the uncoiled molecules to give an insoluble product is considered to be a secondary process. Some aspects of protein and polypeptide chains as macro-molecules are also discussed.

Lessons Learned: A Pilot Project for Secondary Process Real Time Monitoring at MSDGC

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (9) ◽  
pp. 3317-3326
Author(s):  
Ting Lu ◽  
Beth Hinzman ◽  
Ryan Welsh ◽  
Andrew Sampson ◽  
Donald Linn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Secondary Process ◽  
Real Time Monitoring

scholarly journals Analysis of local ice crystal growth in snow

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (232) ◽  
pp. 378-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
QUIRINE KROL ◽  
HENNING LÖWE
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Mean Curvature ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Interface Velocity ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
Secondary Process ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Vapor Flux ◽  
Air Interface

ABSTRACTThe structural evolution of snow under metamorphism is one of the key challenges in snow modeling. The main driving forces for metamorphism are curvature differences and temperature gradients, inducing water vapor transport and corresponding crystal growth, which is detectable by the motion of the ice/air interface. To provide quantitative means for a microscopic validation of metamorphism models, a VTK-based image analysis method is developed to track the ice/air interface in time-lapse μCT experiments to measure local interface velocities under both, isothermal and temperature gradient conditions. Using estimates of local temperatures from microstructure-based finite element simulations, a quantitative comparison of measured interface velocities with theoretical expressions is facilitated. For isothermal metamorphism, the data are compared with a kinetics and a diffusion limited growth law. In both cases the data are largely scattered but consistently show a mean curvature dependency of the interface velocity. For temperature gradient metamorphism, we confirm that the main contribution stems from the temperature gradient induced vapor flux, accompanied by effects of mean curvature as a secondary process. The scatter and uncertainties are discussed in view of the present theoretical understanding, the experimental setup and complications such as mechanical deformations.

scholarly journals Privacy, security, legal and technology acceptance elicited and consolidated requirements for a GDPR compliance platform

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aggeliki Tsohou ◽  
Emmanouil Magkos ◽  
Haralambos Mouratidis ◽  
George Chrysoloras ◽  
Luca Piras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Secondary Process ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Data Governance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
Eu Project

Purpose General data protection regulation (GDPR) entered into force in May 2018 for enhancing personal data protection. Even though GDPR leads toward many advantages for the data subjects it turned out to be a significant challenge. Organizations need to implement long and complex changes to become GDPR compliant. Data subjects are empowered with new rights, which, however, they need to become aware of. GDPR compliance is a challenging matter for the relevant stakeholders calls for a software platform that can support their needs. The aim of data governance for supporting GDPR (DEFeND) EU project is to deliver such a platform. The purpose of this paper is to describe the process, within the DEFeND EU project, for eliciting and analyzing requirements for such a complex platform. Design/methodology/approach The platform needs to satisfy legal and privacy requirements and provide functionalities that data controllers request for supporting GDPR compliance. Further, it needs to satisfy acceptance requirements, for assuring that its users will embrace and use the platform. In this paper, the authors describe the methodology for eliciting and analyzing requirements for such a complex platform, by analyzing data attained by stakeholders from different sectors. Findings The findings provide the process for the DEFeND platform requirements’ elicitation and an indicative sample of those. The authors also describe the implementation of a secondary process for consolidating the elicited requirements into a consistent set of platform requirements. Practical implications The proposed software engineering methodology and data collection tools (i.e. questionnaires) are expected to have a significant impact for software engineers in academia and industry. Social implications It is reported repeatedly that data controllers face difficulties in complying with the GDPR. The study aims to offer mechanisms and tools that can assist organizations to comply with the GDPR, thus, offering a significant boost toward the European personal data protection objectives. Originality/value This is the first paper, according to the best of the authors’ knowledge, to provide software requirements for a GDPR compliance platform, including multiple perspectives.

Selective interaction between two independent stationary recurrent point processes

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
pp. 476-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Srinivasan ◽  
G. Rajamannar
Keyword(s):  
Point Process ◽  
Point Processes ◽  
Short Note ◽  
Secondary Process ◽  
Statistical Features ◽  
Inhibitory Process ◽  
Primary Event ◽  
Recurrent Point ◽  
Selective Interaction ◽  
Interval Distribution

In an earlier contribution to this Journal, Ten Hoopen and Reuver [5] have studied selective interaction of two independent recurrent processes in connection with the unitary discharges of neuronal spikes. They have assumed that the primary process called excitatory is a stationary renewal point process characterised by the interval distribution ϕ(t). The secondary process called the inhibitory process also consists of a series of events governed by a stationary renewal point process characterised by the interval distribution Ψ(t). Each secondary event annihilates the next primary event. If there are two or more secondary events without a primary event, only one subsequent primary event is deleted. Every undeleted event gives rise to a response. For this reason, undeleted events may be called registered events. Ten Hoopen and Reuver have studied the interval distribution between two successive registered events. As is well-known, the interval distribution does not fully characterise a point process in general and in this case it would be interesting to obtain other statistical features like the moments of the number of undeleted events in a given interval as well as correlations of these events. The object of this short note is to point out that the point process consisting of the undeleted events can be studied directly by the recent techniques of renewal point processes ([1], [3]).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document