Using qualitative research for intervention development and evaluation.

2021 ◽  
pp. 263-282
Author(s):  
Lucy Yardley ◽  
Katherine Bradbury ◽  
Leanne Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Intervention Development

Reflexive Intervention Development: Using Qualitative Research to Inform the Development of an Intervention for Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 666-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britta Wigginton ◽  
Zoe O. Thomson ◽  
Carolina X. Sandler ◽  
Marina M. Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Interview Study ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Depth Interviews

There is growing consensus around the limited attention given to documenting the process of intervention development, specifically the role of qualitative research. In this article, we seek to describe a missing piece of this process: how qualitative research, and related methodologies and theories, informs intervention development. We use our research as a case study of “reflexive intervention development.” We begin by describing our interview study, consisting of 23 in-depth interviews with women diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer, and go on to detail our methodological framework and research team. We then explain how this interview study directly informed our development of the intervention materials, allowing us to attend carefully to language and its potential implications for women. We conclude by inviting researchers to reflect on the knowledge production process that is inherent in intervention development to consider not only their role in this process but also the role of qualitative research.

scholarly journals Harnessing Placebo Effects in Primary Care: Using the Person-Based Approach to Develop an Online Intervention to Enhance Practitioners' Communication of Clinical Empathy and Realistic Optimism During Consultations

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten A. Smith ◽  
Jane Vennik ◽  
Leanne Morrison ◽  
Stephanie Hughes ◽  
Mary Steele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Online Intervention ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Placebo Effects ◽  
Clinical Empathy ◽  
Literature Reviews

Background: Empathic communication and positive messages are important components of “placebo” effects and can improve patient outcomes, including pain. Communicating empathy and optimism to patients within consultations may also enhance the effects of verum, i.e., non-placebo, treatments. This is particularly relevant for osteoarthritis, which is common, costly and difficult to manage. Digital interventions can be effective tools for changing practitioner behavior. This paper describes the systematic planning, development and optimization of an online intervention—“Empathico”–to help primary healthcare practitioners enhance their communication of clinical empathy and realistic optimism during consultations.Methods: The Person-Based Approach to intervention development was used. This entailed integrating insights from placebo and behavior change theory and evidence, and conducting primary and secondary qualitative research. Systematic literature reviews identified barriers, facilitators, and promising methods for enhancing clinical empathy and realistic optimism. Qualitative studies explored practitioners' and patients' perspectives, initially on the communication of clinical empathy and realistic optimism and subsequently on different iterations of the Empathico intervention. Insights from the literature reviews, qualitative studies and public contributor input were integrated into a logic model, behavioral analysis and principles that guided intervention development and optimization.Results: The Empathico intervention comprises 7 sections: Introduction, Empathy, Optimism, Application of Empathico for Osteoarthritis, Reflection on my Consultations, Setting Goals and Further Resources. Iterative refinement of Empathico, using feedback from patients and practitioners, resulted in highly positive feedback and helped to (1) contextualize evidence-based recommendations from placebo studies within the complexities of primary healthcare consultations and (2) ensure the intervention addressed practitioners' and patients' concerns and priorities.Conclusions: We have developed an evidence-based, theoretically-grounded intervention that should enable practitioners to better harness placebo effects of communication in consultations. The extensive use of qualitative research throughout the development and optimization process ensured that Empathico is highly acceptable and meaningful to practitioners. This means that practitioners are more likely to engage with Empathico and make changes to enhance their communication of clinical empathy and realistic optimism in clinical practice. Empathico is now ready to be evaluated in a large-scale randomized trial to explore its impact on patient outcomes.

Qualitative Research as a Means of Intervention Development

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 587-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Samson ◽  
Reenee Singh ◽  
Padmaja Barua
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Intervention Development

scholarly journals Planning and designing a self-compassion intervention for family carers of people living with dementia: a person-based and co-design approach

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Murfield ◽  
Wendy Moyle ◽  
Analise O’Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Compassion Focused Therapy

Abstract Background This article describes the research activities undertaken to plan and design a self-compassion intervention for family carers of people living with dementia using a person-based and co-design approach. In providing this example, our aim is two-fold: to highlight the value of using qualitative research and co-design processes within intervention development; and to showcase systematic reporting of an intervention’s early planning and design stages. Methods A person-based and co-design approach informed the planning and design of the self-compassion intervention. In Stage 1, qualitative interviews were undertaken with 14 family carers of people living with dementia and 14 professional stakeholders. In Stage 2, intervention guiding principles were developed, psychological theory was incorporated, and six family carers of people living with dementia were engaged as co-designers. Results Knowledge generated during intervention planning identified that the intervention should be situated within the concept of compassion more broadly; address misperceptions, fears, blocks, and resistances to self-compassion; and target feelings of shame, guilt, and self-criticism. Subsequent intervention design activities determined that the needs of family carers of people living with dementia were best met by tailoring an existing intervention, namely group-based Compassion-Focused Therapy. Conclusions Our systematic approach highlights the value of incorporating in-depth qualitative research and co-design within the intervention development process to prioritise the perspectives and lived experiences of family carers of people living with dementia. The planning and design process outlined provides insight that is applicable to the development of our intervention and complex health interventions within gerontology and beyond.

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