Age-related changes in episodic memory.

2019 ◽  
pp. 111-134
Author(s):  
Audrey Duarte ◽  
Elizabeth Kensinger
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

Episodic Future Thinking and Cognitive Aging

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Schacter ◽  
Aleea L. Devitt ◽  
Donna Rose Addis
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Episodic Future Thinking ◽  
Future Thinking ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Prosocial Intentions ◽  
Age Related Changes

Episodic future thinking refers to the ability to imagine or simulate experiences that might occur in an individual’s personal future. It has been known for decades that cognitive aging is associated with declines in episodic memory, and recent research has documented correlated age-related declines in episodic future thinking. Previous research has considered both cognitive and neural mechanisms that are responsible for age-related changes in episodic future thinking, as well as effects of aging on the functions served by episodic future thinking. Studies concerned with mechanism indicate that multiple cognitive mechanisms contribute to changes in episodic future thinking during aging, including episodic memory retrieval, narrative style, and executive processes. Recent studies using an episodic specificity induction—brief training in recollecting episodic details of a recent experience—have proven useful in separating the contributions of episodic retrieval from other non-episodic processes during future thinking tasks in both old and young adults. Neuroimaging studies provide preliminary evidence of a role for age-related changes in default and executive brain networks in episodic future thinking and autobiographical planning. Studies concerned with function have examined age-related effects on the link between episodic future thinking and a variety of processes, including everyday problem-solving, prospective memory, prosocial intentions, and intertemporal choice/delay discounting. The general finding in these studies is for age-related reductions, consistent with the work on mechanisms that consistently reveals reduced episodic detail in older adults when they imagine future events. However, several studies have revealed that episodic simulation nonetheless confers some benefits for tasks tapping adaptive functions in older adults, such as problem-solving, prospective memory, and prosocial intentions, even though age-related deficits on these tasks are not eliminated or reduced by episodic future thinking.

scholarly journals Alzheimer’s pathology is associated with dedifferentiation of functional memory networks in aging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlin E. Cassady ◽  
Jenna N. Adams ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Anne Maass ◽  
Theresa M. Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Amyloid Plaques ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Preclinical Phase ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Alzheimer’S Pathology ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Age Related Changes

AbstractIn presymptomatic Alzheimer’s disease (AD), beta-amyloid plaques (Aβ) and tau tangles accumulate in distinct spatiotemporal patterns within the brain, tracking closely with episodic memory decline. Here, we tested whether age-related changes in the segregation of the brain’s functional episodic memory networks - anterior-temporal (AT) and posterior-medial (PM) networks - are associated with the accumulation of Aβ, tau and memory decline using fMRI and PET. We found that AT and PM networks were less segregated in older than younger adults and this reduced specialization was associated with more tau and Aβ in the same regions. The effect of network dedifferentiation on memory depended on the amount of Aβ and tau, with low segregation and pathology associated with better performance at baseline and low segregation and high pathology related to worse performance over time. This pattern suggests a compensation phase followed by a degenerative phase in the early, preclinical phase of AD.

Early age-related changes in episodic memory retrieval as revealed by event-related potentials

Neuroreport ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Guillaume ◽  
Patrice Clochon ◽  
Pierre Denise ◽  
Géraldine Rauchs ◽  
Bérengère Guillery-Girard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Age Related Changes

P4-289: ERP surface and source measures reveal age-related changes in episodic memory

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S_Part_21) ◽  
pp. S759-S759
Author(s):  
Michael Freeman ◽  
Stephanie Connell ◽  
Kerry Kilborn
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

Age and response bias: Evidence from the strength-based mirror effect

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1910-1924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy H. Criss ◽  
William Aue ◽  
Aslı Kılıç
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Response Bias ◽  
Mirror Effect ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Strength Based ◽  
Age Related Changes

Performance in episodic memory is determined both by accurate retrieval from memory and by decision processes. A substantial body of literature suggests slightly poorer episodic memory accuracy for older than younger adults; however, age-related changes in the decision mechanisms in memory have received much less attention. Response bias, the willingness to endorse an item as remembered, is an important decision factor that contributes to episodic memory performance, and therefore understanding age-related changes in response bias is critical to theoretical development. We manipulate list strength in order to investigate two aspects of response bias. First, we evaluate whether criterion placement in episodic memory differs for older and younger adults. Second, we ask whether older adults have the same degree of flexibility to adjust the criterion in response to task demands as younger adults. Participants were tested on weakly and strongly encoded lists where word frequency (Experiment 1) or similarity between targets and foils (Experiment 2) was manipulated. Both older and younger adults had higher hit rates and lower false-alarm rates for strong lists than for weak lists (i.e., a strength-based mirror effect). Older adults were more conservative (less likely to endorse an item as studied) than younger adults, and we found no evidence that older and younger adults differ in their ability to flexibly adjust their criterion based on the demands of the task.

Age-related changes in parietal lobe activation during an episodic memory retrieval task

2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 799-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane S. H. Oedekoven ◽  
Andreas Jansen ◽  
Tilo T. Kircher ◽  
Dirk T. Leube
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Retrieval Task ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

Age-related changes of the 3′APOB-VNTR genotype pool in ageing cohorts

1998 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. De BENEDICTIS ◽  
L. CAROTENUTO ◽  
G. CARRIERI ◽  
M. De LUCA ◽  
E. FALCONE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes
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