Daytime enhancement of size of sudden commencements and initial phase of magnetic storms at Huancayo

1993 ◽  
pp. 201-218
Author(s):  
S. E. Forbush ◽  
E. H. Vestine
Keyword(s):  
Initial Phase ◽  
Magnetic Storms ◽  
Sudden Commencements

scholarly journals Extreme geomagnetic activities: a statistical study

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuho Kataoka
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Storms ◽  
Magnetic Observatory ◽  
Statistical Distributions ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Sudden Commencements ◽  
The One ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Geomagnetic Activities ◽  
Log Normal Distribution

Abstract Statistical distributions are investigated for magnetic storms, sudden commencements (SCs), and substorms to identify the possible amplitude of the one in 100-year and 1000-year events from a limited data set of less than 100 years. The lists of magnetic storms and SCs are provided from Kakioka Magnetic Observatory, while the lists of substorms are obtained from SuperMAG. It is found that majorities of events essentially follow the log-normal distribution, as expected from the random output from a complex system. However, it is uncertain that large-amplitude events follow the same log-normal distributions, and rather follow the power-law distributions. Based on the statistical distributions, the probable amplitudes of the 100-year (1000-year) events can be estimated for magnetic storms, SCs, and substorms as approximately 750 nT (1100 nT), 230 nT (450 nT), and 5000 nT (6200 nT), respectively. The possible origin to cause the statistical distributions is also discussed, consulting the other space weather phenomena such as solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and solar energetic particles.

Hydromagnetic propagation of sudden commencements of magnetic storms

1959 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 1643-1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Francis ◽  
M. I. Green ◽  
A. J. Dessler
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Storms ◽  
Sudden Commencements
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