Ornithogenic soils of Antarctica

1972 ◽  
pp. 181-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Ugolini
Keyword(s):  
Ornithogenic Soils

scholarly journals Soil–landform–plant-community relationships of a periglacial landscape on Potter Peninsula, maritime Antarctica

Solid Earth ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 583-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Poelking ◽  
C. E. R. Schaefer ◽  
E. I. Fernandes Filho ◽  
A. M. de Andrade ◽  
A. A. Spielmann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Maritime Antarctica ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Ornithogenic Soils ◽  
Physical Environmental Factors ◽  
Potter Peninsula

Abstract. Integrated studies on the interplay between soils, periglacial geomorphology and plant communities are crucial for the understanding of climate change effects on terrestrial ecosystems of maritime Antarctica, one of the most sensitive areas to global warming. Knowledge on physical environmental factors that influence plant communities can greatly benefit studies on the monitoring of climate change in maritime Antarctica, where new ice-free areas are being constantly exposed, allowing plant growth and organic carbon inputs. The relationship between topography, plant communities and soils was investigated on Potter Peninsula, King George Island, maritime Antarctica. We mapped the occurrence and distribution of plant communities and identified soil–landform–vegetation relationships. The vegetation map was obtained by classification of a QuickBird image, coupled with detailed landform and characterization of 18 soil profiles. The sub-formations were identified and classified, and we also determined the total elemental composition of lichens, mosses and grasses. Plant communities on Potter Peninsula occupy 23% of the ice-free area, at different landscape positions, showing decreasing diversity and biomass from the coastal zone to inland areas where sub-desert conditions prevail. There is a clear dependency between landform and vegetated soils. Soils that have greater moisture or are poorly drained, and with acid to neutral pH, are favourable for moss sub-formations. Saline, organic-matter-rich ornithogenic soils of former penguin rookeries have greater biomass and diversity, with mixed associations of mosses and grasses, while stable felsenmeers and flat rocky cryoplanation surfaces are the preferred sites for Usnea and Himantormia lugubris lichens at the highest surface. Lichens sub-formations cover the largest vegetated area, showing varying associations with mosses.

Microalgal communities from ornithogenic soils at Cierva Point, Antarctic Peninsula

Polar Biology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 797-797
Author(s):  
Gabriela Mataloni ◽  
Guillermo Tell
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Ornithogenic Soils

scholarly journals Direct and Indirect Effects of Penguin Feces on Microbiomes in Antarctic Ornithogenic Soils

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudong Guo ◽  
Nengfei Wang ◽  
Gaoyang Li ◽  
Gabriela Rosas ◽  
Jiaye Zang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Ornithogenic Soils

scholarly journals Novel Psychrobacter Species from Antarctic Ornithogenic Soils

1996 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. BOWMAN ◽  
J. CAVANAGH ◽  
J. J. AUSTIN ◽  
K. SANDERSON
Keyword(s):  
Ornithogenic Soils

Ornithogenic soils and the paleoecology of pygoscelid penguins in Antarctica

2014 ◽  
Vol 352 ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Emslie ◽  
M.J. Polito ◽  
R. Brasso ◽  
W.P. Patterson ◽  
L. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Ornithogenic Soils ◽  
Pygoscelid Penguins

Invertebrates in ornithogenic soils on Ross Island, Antarctica

Polar Biology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 569-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota L. Porazinska ◽  
Diana H. Wall ◽  
Ross A. Virginia
Keyword(s):  
Ornithogenic Soils

Genesis, mineralogy and ecological significance of ornithogenic soils from a semi-desert polar landscape at Hope Bay, Antarctic Peninsula

Geoderma ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 209-210 ◽  
pp. 98-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Torres C. Pereira ◽  
Carlos Ernesto G.R. Schaefer ◽  
João C. Ker ◽  
Cecília C. Almeida ◽  
Ivan C.C. Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Ecological Significance ◽  
Ornithogenic Soils ◽  
Hope Bay

Bacterial diversity associated with ornithogenic soil of the Ross Sea region, AntarcticaThis article is one of a selection of papers in the Special Issue on Polar and Alpine Microbiology.

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Aislabie ◽  
S. Jordan ◽  
J. Ayton ◽  
J. L. Klassen ◽  
G. M. Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Ornithogenic Soils ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
Selection Of

In the Ross Sea region of Antarctica, ornithogenic soils form on land under Adélie Penguin rookeries. Compared with mineral soils of the Ross Sea region, ornithogenic soils are generally high in microbial biomass, organic carbon, and total nitrogen and phosphorus, with high electrical conductivity and large variations in pH. The objective of this study was to assess the bacterial composition of ornithogenic soils from Cape Hallett and Cape Bird in the Ross Sea region using culture-independent methods. Soil clone libraries were constructed and those clones that occurred ≥3 times were sequenced. The bacterial diversity of the soils was dependent on the presence of penguins. Firmicutes most closely related to the endospore-formers (e.g., Oceanobacillus profundus and Clostridium acidurici ) and (or) Gammaproteobacteria belonging to the genus Psychrobacter dominated soils currently occupied with penguins. In contrast, Gammaproteobacteria, closely related to cultured members of the genera Rhodanobacter , Psychrobacter , Dokdonella , and Lysobacter , dominated the soils previously colonized by penguins. Results of this study indicate that despite relatively high nutrient levels and microbial biomass, bacterial communities of ornithogenic soils were not more diverse than those of mineral soils of the Ross Sea region of Antarctica.

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