Hydrocode simulation of the Chicxulub impact event and the production of climatically active gases

1998 ◽  
Vol 103 (E12) ◽  
pp. 28607-28625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Pierazzo ◽  
David A. Kring ◽  
H. Jay Melosh
Keyword(s):  
Impact Event ◽  
Chicxulub Impact ◽  
Hydrocode Simulation

Chicxulub impact event; computer animations and paper models

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.R. Alpha ◽  
J.P. Galloway ◽  
S.W. Starratt
Keyword(s):  
Impact Event ◽  
Computer Animations ◽  
Chicxulub Impact

Chicxulub impact event; computer animations and paper models

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.R. Alpha ◽  
John P. Galloway ◽  
S.W. Starratt
Keyword(s):  
Impact Event ◽  
Computer Animations ◽  
Chicxulub Impact

scholarly journals A seismically induced onshore surge deposit at the KPg boundary, North Dakota

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (17) ◽  
pp. 8190-8199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. DePalma ◽  
Jan Smit ◽  
David A. Burnham ◽  
Klaudia Kuiper ◽  
Phillip L. Manning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
River Channel ◽  
Impact Event ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Hell Creek Formation ◽  
Chicxulub Impact

The most immediate effects of the terminal-Cretaceous Chicxulub impact, essential to understanding the global-scale environmental and biotic collapses that mark the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction, are poorly resolved despite extensive previous work. Here, we help to resolve this by describing a rapidly emplaced, high-energy onshore surge deposit from the terrestrial Hell Creek Formation in Montana. Associated ejecta and a cap of iridium-rich impactite reveal that its emplacement coincided with the Chicxulub event. Acipenseriform fish, densely packed in the deposit, contain ejecta spherules in their gills and were buried by an inland-directed surge that inundated a deeply incised river channel before accretion of the fine-grained impactite. Although this deposit displays all of the physical characteristics of a tsunami runup, the timing (<1 hour postimpact) is instead consistent with the arrival of strong seismic waves from the magnitude Mw∼10 to 11 earthquake generated by the Chicxulub impact, identifying a seismically coupled seiche inundation as the likely cause. Our findings present high-resolution chronology of the immediate aftereffects of the Chicxulub impact event in the Western Interior, and report an impact-triggered onshore mix of marine and terrestrial sedimentation—potentially a significant advancement for eventually resolving both the complex dynamics of debris ejection and the full nature and extent of biotic disruptions that took place in the first moments postimpact.

Explosive interaction of impact melt and seawater following the Chicxulub impact event

Geology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon R. Osinski ◽  
Richard A.F. Grieve ◽  
Patrick J.A. Hill ◽  
Sarah L. Simpson ◽  
Charles Cockell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Impact Event ◽  
Impact Melt ◽  
The Past ◽  
Geological Processes ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Cenozoic Era ◽  
Geological Event ◽  
Chicxulub Impact ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The impact of asteroids and comets with planetary surfaces is one of the most catastrophic, yet ubiquitous, geological processes in the solar system. The Chicxulub impact event, which has been linked to the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction marking the beginning of the Cenozoic Era, is arguably the most significant singular geological event in the past 100 million years of Earth’s history. The Chicxulub impact occurred in a marine setting. How quickly the seawater re-entered the newly formed basin after the impact, and its effects of it on the cratering process, remain debated. Here, we show that the explosive interaction of seawater with impact melt led to molten fuel–coolant interaction (MFCI), analogous to what occurs during phreatomagmatic volcanic eruptions. This process fractured and dispersed the melt, which was subsequently deposited subaqueously to form a series of well-sorted deposits. These deposits bear little resemblance to the products of impacts in a continental setting and are not accounted for in current classification schemes for impactites. The similarities between these Chicxulub deposits and the Onaping Formation at the Sudbury impact structure, Canada, are striking, and suggest that MFCI and the production of volcaniclastic-like deposits is to be expected for large impacts in shallow marine settings.

Chicxulub impact event is Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary in age: New micropaleontological evidence

2006 ◽  
Vol 249 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 241-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Arenillas ◽  
José A. Arz ◽  
José M. Grajales-Nishimura ◽  
Gustavo Murillo-Muñetón ◽  
Walter Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Event ◽  
Chicxulub Impact

scholarly journals The Boltysh impact structure: An early Danian impact event during recovery from the K-Pg mass extinction

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (25) ◽  
pp. eabe6530
Author(s):  
Annemarie E. Pickersgill ◽  
Darren F. Mark ◽  
Martin R. Lee ◽  
Simon P. Kelley ◽  
David W. Jolley
Keyword(s):  
Mass Extinction ◽  
Crater Lake ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Impact Event ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Chicxulub Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact Events

Both the Chicxulub and Boltysh impact events are associated with the K-Pg boundary. While Chicxulub is firmly linked to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction, the temporal relationship of the ~24-km-diameter Boltysh impact to these events is uncertain, although it is thought to have occurred 2 to 5 ka before the mass extinction. Here, we conduct the first direct geochronological comparison of Boltysh to the K-Pg boundary. Our 40Ar/39Ar age of 65.39 ± 0.14/0.16 Ma shows that the impact occurred ~0.65 Ma after the mass extinction. At that time, the climate was recovering from the effects of the Chicxulub impact and Deccan trap flood volcanism. This age shows that Boltysh has a close temporal association with the Lower C29n hyperthermal recorded by global sediment archives and in the Boltysh crater lake sediments. The temporal coincidence raises the possibility that even a small impact event could disrupt recovery of the Earth system from catastrophic events.

scholarly journals Stratigraphy around the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary in sediment cores from the Lord Howe Rise, Southwest Pacific

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichiro Kuroda ◽  
Kyoko Hagino ◽  
Yoichi Usui ◽  
Paul R. Bown ◽  
Kan-Hsi Hsiung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Carbon Isotopic Composition ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Calcareous Nannofossils ◽  
Impact Event ◽  
Southwest Pacific ◽  
Carbon Isotopic ◽  
Carbonate Carbon ◽  
Chicxulub Impact

During Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Leg 21, Cenozoic and latest Cretaceous sediments were recovered at Site 208 on the Lord Howe Rise, Southwest Pacific. We provide new biostratigraphic, magnetostratigraphic and chemostratigraphic data from Site 208 to constrain the stratigraphy around the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary and to determine the depth of the K-Pg boundary more precisely. Biostratigraphic data from calcareous nannofossils indicate a near-continuous succession of sediments from the mid-Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) to lowermost Thanetian (Paleocene) at depths of 540−590 m below seafloor (mbsf). The biostratigraphic data suggest that the K-Pg boundary corresponds to a siliceous claystone at the base of an interval of silicified sediments (576.0−576.8 mbsf). Carbonate carbon isotopic composition (δ13Ccarb) reveals a negative shift across this interval, which is consistent with global patterns of δ13C across the K-Pg boundary. Osmium concentration and Os isotopic composition (187Os/188Os) can also be used to identify the K-Pg boundary interval, as it is marked by a peak in Os concentration and a drop in 187Os/188Os values to 0.12−0.15, both of which are the result of the Chicxulub impact event. Our 187Os/188Os data show trends similar to those of coeval global seawater with the lowest value of 0.12−0.16 in the siliceous claystone (576.8 mbsf). However, the concentration of Os is low (&lt;80 pg g−1) in this sample, which suggests that this siliceous claystone was deposited around the K-Pg boundary but may not include the boundary itself. Although the sedimentary record across the K-Pg interval at Site 208 may not be completely continuous, it nevertheless captures a time interval that is close to the Chicxulub impact event.

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