scholarly journals Origin of the high plateau in the central Andes, Bolivia, South America

Tectonics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Lamb ◽  
Leonore Hoke
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
High Plateau

scholarly journals A new species of pitviper of the genus Bothrops (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae) from the Central Andes of South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4656 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUAN TIMMS ◽  
JUAN C. CHAPARRO ◽  
PABLO J. VENEGAS ◽  
DAVID SALAZAR-VALENZUELA ◽  
GUSTAVO SCROCCHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Montane Forests ◽  
Southern Peru ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new species of montane pitviper of the genus Bothrops from the Cordillera Oriental of the Central Andes, distributed from southern Peru to central Bolivia. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by the characteristic combination of a dorsal body color pattern consisting of triangular or subtriangular dark brown dorsal blotches, paired dark brown parallel occipital stripes, a conspicuous dark brown postocular stripe, the presence of canthorostrals in some specimens, prelacunal fused or partially fused with second supralabial, one scale usually separating internasals, rostral trapezoidal, two canthals oval to rounded, similar size or slightly larger than internasals, three or four medial intercanthals, eight to twelve intersupraoculars, intercanthals and intersupraoculars keeled and frequently slightly keeled, supraoculars oval, one to three suboculars, two to three postoculars, loreal subtriangular, two to six prefoveals, subfoveals absent, two or none postfoveals, one or two scales between suboculars and fourth supralabial, seven or eight supralabials, nine or eleven infralabials, 23–25 middorsal scales, 189–195 ventrals in females and 182–190 in males, 48–58 subcaudals in females and 54–63 in males, exceptionally undivided. The new species is apparently restricted to areas within Andean montane forests that are less humid and devoid of large trees. 

Nazca-South America interactions and the late Eocene-late Oligocene flat-slab episode in the central Andes

Tectonics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Leland J. O'Driscoll ◽  
Mark A. Richards ◽  
Eugene D. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
Late Oligocene ◽  
Flat Slab

scholarly journals Propagation of Strong Rainfall Events from Southeastern South America to the Central Andes

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (19) ◽  
pp. 7641-7658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Boers ◽  
Henrique M. J. Barbosa ◽  
Bodo Bookhagen ◽  
José A. Marengo ◽  
Norbert Marwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Wave Train ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Spatiotemporal Resolution ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Societal Relevance ◽  
The Tropics

Abstract Based on high-spatiotemporal-resolution data, the authors perform a climatological study of strong rainfall events propagating from southeastern South America to the eastern slopes of the central Andes during the monsoon season. These events account for up to 70% of total seasonal rainfall in these areas. They are of societal relevance because of associated natural hazards in the form of floods and landslides, and they form an intriguing climatic phenomenon, because they propagate against the direction of the low-level moisture flow from the tropics. The responsible synoptic mechanism is analyzed using suitable composites of the relevant atmospheric variables with high temporal resolution. The results suggest that the low-level inflow from the tropics, while important for maintaining sufficient moisture in the area of rainfall, does not initiate the formation of rainfall clusters. Instead, alternating low and high pressure anomalies in midlatitudes, which are associated with an eastward-moving Rossby wave train, in combination with the northwestern Argentinean low, create favorable pressure and wind conditions for frontogenesis and subsequent precipitation events propagating from southeastern South America toward the Bolivian Andes.

Quantifying different modes of the late Cenozoic shortening in the central Andes

Geology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 621-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Y. Babeyko ◽  
Stephan V. Sobolev
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Simple Shear ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
Late Cenozoic ◽  
High Plateau ◽  
Shortening Rate ◽  
Thermomechanical Processes

Abstract Since the late Miocene, the two main segments of the central Andean high plateau, Altiplano and Puna, demonstrate different styles and magnitudes of tectonic shortening. Through numerical simulation of thermomechanical processes, we show that different shortening modes—pure and simple shear accompanied by thin-or thick-skinned tectonics—might be controlled by strength of the foreland uppermost crust and by temperature of the foreland lithosphere. Mechanical weakening and failure of the thick Paleozoic sediments overlying the cold lithosphere in the Altiplano foreland at 13–9 Ma explains the transition from pure to simple shear shortening accompanied by broad thin-skinned thrusting, started before the major uplift of the plateau. However, the high strength of the uppermost crust combined with a relatively warm lithosphere results in the thick-skinned shortening typical for the foreland of the Puna. Failure of Paleozoic sediments in the Altiplano foreland significantly reduces the force required to shorten the lithosphere, which may be the reason for the increased bulk shortening rate in the late Miocene.

First record and a new species of Megarthrus Curtis (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Proteininae) from the Colombian Central Andes

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2916 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
MARGARITA M. LÓPEZ-GARCÍA ◽  
DIANA M. Méndez-Rojas ◽  
JOSÉ LUÍS NAVARRETE-HEREDIA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
First Record ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
The World ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
A New Species

The genus Megarthrus Curtis 1829 with about 139 species described around the world, is the largest of the subfamily Proteininae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) (Cuccodoro 2011). Megarthrus is distributed worldwide (Cuccodoro 1999) but it is apparently more diverse in the Holartic region (Navarrete-Heredia et al. 2002). However, the South American fauna is underestimated because many of the collected specimens are not yet described (Cuccodoro 2011). Newton et al. (2005) cited the genus as probable in Colombia because some species are known from Central America and northern South America, but until now, no species has been published from Colombia. Therefore, M. andinus sp. nov. represents the first record of the genus and subfamily for this country.

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