Characterization of the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone to the north of South Georgia in summer 1994

1997 ◽  
Vol 102 (C5) ◽  
pp. 10483-10497 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Trathan ◽  
M. A. Brandon ◽  
E. J. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Zone ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Polar Frontal Zone ◽  
The North ◽  
The Antarctic

Meanders in the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone and their impact on phytoplankton

2001 ◽  
Vol 48 (19-20) ◽  
pp. 3891-3912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Abbott ◽  
James G. Richman ◽  
Jasmine S. Nahorniak ◽  
Brett S. Barksdale
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Zone ◽  
Polar Frontal Zone ◽  
The Antarctic

scholarly journals Exploitation and Conservation of Seals in South Georgia

Oryx ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Nigel Bonner
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Antarctic Convergence ◽  
Mean Wind Speed ◽  
Meteorological Observations ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Antarctic

Almost from the date of their discovery by Captain Cook in 1775 the seal stocks of South Georgia have formed the basis of a lucrative, though initially sporadic, industry.South Georgia lies between 54 degrees and 55 degrees South and between 36 degrees and 38 degrees West. Despite its low latitude it has an antarctic climate, being south of the Antarctic Convergence at all seasons of the year. True sea ice is probably never formed on any of its coasts though enormous quantities of brash ice from the many glaciers may frequently obstruct access to certain beaches. Meteorological observations are made at King Edward Cove, a sheltered spot on the north-east coast, which does not perhaps represent truly the severity of the climate. In 1953 the average temperature throughout the year was 35·6 degrees F. and the extreme minimum recorded was 10 degrees F. in July. Almost certainly the exposed parts of the coast, particularly on the south-west side, frequently experience temperatures below zero. Violent winds are common. In 1953 the mean wind-speed was 8·9 knots and precipitation, mostly in the form of snow, amounted to 1,257·6 mm. The pattern of the climate of South Georgia is delineated by the relatively low temperatures, the prevailing high winds and the heavy precipitation.

scholarly journals An evaluation of ocean color model estimates of marine primary productivity in coastal and pelagic regions across the globe

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Saba ◽  
M. A. M. Friedrichs ◽  
D. Antoine ◽  
R. A. Armstrong ◽  
I. Asanuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Frontal Zone ◽  
Ocean Color ◽  
Color Model ◽  
Polar Frontal Zone ◽  
Color Models ◽  
The Antarctic

Abstract. Nearly half of the earth's photosynthetically fixed carbon derives from the oceans. To determine global and region specific rates, we rely on models that estimate marine net primary productivity (NPP) thus it is essential that these models are evaluated to determine their accuracy. Here we assessed the skill of 21 ocean color models by comparing their estimates of depth-integrated NPP to 1156 in situ 14C measurements encompassing ten marine regions including the Sargasso Sea, pelagic North Atlantic, coastal Northeast Atlantic, Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Arabian Sea, subtropical North Pacific, Ross Sea, West Antarctic Peninsula, and the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone. Average model skill, as determined by root-mean square difference calculations, was lowest in the Black and Mediterranean Seas, highest in the pelagic North Atlantic and the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone, and intermediate in the other six regions. The maximum fraction of model skill that may be attributable to uncertainties in both the input variables and in situ NPP measurements was nearly 72%. On average, the simplest depth/wavelength integrated models performed no worse than the more complex depth/wavelength resolved models. Ocean color models were not highly challenged in extreme conditions of surface chlorophyll-a and sea surface temperature, nor in high-nitrate low-chlorophyll waters. Water column depth was the primary influence on ocean color model performance such that average skill was significantly higher at depths greater than 250 m, suggesting that ocean color models are more challenged in Case-2 waters (coastal) than in Case-1 (pelagic) waters. Given that in situ chlorophyll-a data was used as input data, algorithm improvement is required to eliminate the poor performance of ocean color NPP models in Case-2 waters that are close to coastlines. Finally, ocean color chlorophyll-a algorithms are challenged by optically complex Case-2 waters, thus using satellite-derived chlorophyll-a to estimate NPP in coastal areas would likely further reduce the skill of ocean color models.

scholarly journals Transport and structure within the Antarctic Circumpolar Current to the north of south Georgia

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1727-1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Trathan ◽  
M. A. Brandon ◽  
E. J. Murphy ◽  
S. E. Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Circumpolar Current ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
The North ◽  
Circumpolar Current ◽  
The Antarctic
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document