New Science Committee Chair Advocates “Basic” Research, smaller budgets

Eos ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Michael Carlowicz
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research ◽  
Committee Chair ◽  
New Science ◽  
Science Committee

House Science Committee Chair to Retire

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 9_1
Author(s):  
Erik Kreifeldt
Keyword(s):  
Committee Chair ◽  
Science Committee

Fechner, Gustav Theodor (1801–87)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel N. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Psychology ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
New Science ◽  
Exact Theory ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
The Law

Fechner was a pioneer in experimental psychology and the founder of psychophysics, the speciality within psychology devoted to quantitative studies of perception. In his foundational Elemente der Psychophysik (Elements of Psychophysics) (1860), he defined the mission of the new science to be the development of an ‘exact theory of the functionally dependent relations of… the physical and the psychological worlds’. It is in this work that Fechner developed the law of sensation-magnitudes (Fechner’s Law): the strength of a sensation is proportional to the logarithmic value of the intensity of the stimulus. Among his contemporaries he was well known not only for basic research in the field of electricity, but also as the author of a number of satirical works under the name ‘Dr Mises’.

Innovation management companies in the fuzzy set theory

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Антон Мосалев ◽  
Anton Mosalev
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
New Science ◽  
Strategy Innovation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regional Factor ◽  
Innovation Processes ◽  
Theory Of Fuzzy Sets

The problem of management of uncertainties in making business decisions is a relatively new science and practice. However, the question of development strategy innovation for companies in a non-obvious consequences of every decision is important. It is known that there are uncertainties in the outer, inner and an adjacent environment, furthermore, installed and timing of their occurrence, and is defined as a regional factor. The question remains open on the management of innovation processes in the company, taking into account the impact of each specific type of uncertainty. To solve the identified problem has been specifically developed an approach based on the theory of fuzzy sets. Thus was created the algorithm processing expert survey of entrepreneurs (more than 6700 units), which are in its production portfolio of innovative projects. In the framework of each of uncertainty determined by the following parameters: at what time each uncertainty manifest itself; which will serve as a condition of occurrence of uncertainty (internal, external, or conjugate organizational environment); is it possible to predict in advance whether or not this uncertainty; that it will stimulate the appearance of one or another of uncertainty (the nature of occurrence). For example, to predict the emergence of a situation of uncertainty can only be in the following generating their nature: the market, the system of relations, technical and technological, legal, financial and timely. In the case of organizational, informational, labor uncertainty is impossible to predict the nature. The article also presents the ratio of occurrence of designated parameters uncertainties in the implementation of innovations in time, the environment, and the possibility of predicting the nature of existence itself uncertainties. Research study financed from Russian Foundation for Basic Research in the year 2014–2015 as research project No. 14–06–00051 «The implementation of innovative projects and processes under conditions of uncertainty».

scholarly journals Allocation of basic research in the field of cultural heritage preservation in a separate scientific direction

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Heritage Preservation ◽  
New Science ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cultural Heritage Preservation

The author of the article considers topical issues of development of a unified new science of cultural heritage preservation – Klironomy – and the definition of theoretical sciences that should become the basis for the formation of a new scientific field

Microfabrication research at the National Submicron Facility

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
E.D. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
New Science ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intermediate Domain ◽  
Circuit Function

Most microelectronics devices and circuits operate faster, consume less power, execute more functions and cost less per circuit function when the feature-sizes internal to the devices and circuits are made smaller. This is part of the stimulus for the Very High-Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) program. There is also a need for smaller, more sensitive sensors in a wide range of disciplines that includes electrochemistry, neurophysiology and ultra-high pressure solid state research. There is often fundamental new science (and sometimes new technology) to be revealed (and used) when a basic parameter such as size is extended to new dimensions, as is evident at the two extremes of smallness and largeness, high energy particle physics and cosmology, respectively. However, there is also a very important intermediate domain of size that spans from the diameter of a small cluster of atoms up to near one micrometer which may also have just as profound effects on society as “big” physics.

A New 1,000 kV Electron Microscope

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 260-261
Author(s):  
M. Nishigaki ◽  
S. Katagiri ◽  
H. Kimura ◽  
B. Tadano
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Biological Specimen ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscope ◽  
High Voltage Electron

The high voltage electron microscope has many advantageous features in comparison with the ordinary electron microscope. They are a higher penetrating efficiency of the electron, low chromatic aberration, high accuracy of the selected area diffraction and so on. Thus, the high voltage electron microscope becomes an indispensable instrument for the metallurgical, polymer and biological specimen studies. The application of the instrument involves today not only basic research but routine survey in the various fields. Particularly for the latter purpose, the performance, maintenance and reliability of the microscope should be same as those of commercial ones. The authors completed a 500 kV electron microscope in 1964 and a 1,000 kV one in 1966 taking these points into consideration. The construction of our 1,000 kV electron microscope is described below.

An emerging technology: Nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 1000-1001
Author(s):  
M.J. Hennessy ◽  
E. Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Nmr Microscopy ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Temperature Relaxation ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Much progress in nuclear magnetic resonance microscope has been made in the last few years as a result of improved instrumentation and techniques being made available through basic research in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies for medicine. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was first observed in the hydrogen nucleus in water by Bloch, Purcell and Pound over 40 years ago. Today, in medicine, virtually all commercial MRI scans are made of water bound in tissue. This is also true for NMR microscopy, which has focussed mainly on biological applications. The reason water is the favored molecule for NMR is because water is,the most abundant molecule in biology. It is also the most NMR sensitive having the largest nuclear magnetic moment and having reasonable room temperature relaxation times (from 10 ms to 3 sec). The contrast seen in magnetic resonance images is due mostly to distribution of water relaxation times in sample which are extremely sensitive to the local environment.

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