scholarly journals The Younger Dryas Termination and North Atlantic Deep Water Formation: Insights from climate model simulations and Greenland Ice Cores

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Fawcett ◽  
Anna Maria Ágústsdóttir ◽  
Richard B. Alley ◽  
Christopher A. Shuman
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
North Atlantic Deep Water ◽  
Deep Water Formation ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Water Formation ◽  
Climate Model Simulations

Early Oligocene initiation of North Atlantic Deep Water formation

Nature ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 410 (6831) ◽  
pp. 917-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Davies ◽  
Joseph Cartwright ◽  
Jennifer Pike ◽  
Charles Line
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
North Atlantic Deep Water ◽  
Deep Water Formation ◽  
Early Oligocene ◽  
Water Formation

scholarly journals Paleogeographic controls on the evolution of Late Cretaceous ocean circulation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste Ladant ◽  
Christopher J. Poulsen ◽  
Frédéric Fluteau ◽  
Clay R. Tabor ◽  
Kenneth G. MacLeod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Deep Water Formation ◽  
Geologic History ◽  
Water Formation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Climate Model Simulations

Abstract. Understanding of the role of ocean circulation on climate during the Late Cretaceous is contingent on the ability to reconstruct its modes and evolution. Geochemical proxies used to infer modes of past circulation provide conflicting interpretations for the reorganization of the ocean circulation through the Late Cretaceous. Here, we present climate model simulations of the Cenomanian (100.5–93.9 Ma) and Maastrichtian (72.1–66.1 Ma) stages of the Cretaceous with the CCSM4 earth system model. We focus on intermediate (500–1500 m) and deep (> 1500 m) ocean circulation, and show that while there is continuous deep-water production in the southwest Pacific, major circulation changes occur between the Cenomanian and Maastrichtian. Opening of the Atlantic and Southern Ocean, in particular, drives a transition from a mostly zonal circulation to enhanced meridional exchange. Using additional experiments to test the effect of deepening of major ocean gateways in the Maastrichtian, we demonstrate that the geometry of these gateways likely had a considerable impact on ocean circulation. We further compare simulated circulation results with compilations of εNd records and show that simulated changes in Late Cretaceous ocean circulation are reasonably consistent with inferences from this proxy. In our simulations, consistency with the geologic history of major ocean gateways and absence of shift in areas of deep-water formation suggest that the Late Cretaceous trend in εNd values in the Atlantic and southern Indian Oceans was caused by the subsidence of volcanic provinces and opening of the Atlantic and Southern Oceans rather than changes in deep-water formation areas and/or reversal of deep-water fluxes. However, the complexity in interpreting Late Cretaceous εNd values underscores the need for new records as well as specific εNd modeling to better discriminate between the various plausible theories of ocean circulation change during this period.

scholarly journals Paleogeographic controls on the evolution of Late Cretaceous ocean circulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 973-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste Ladant ◽  
Christopher J. Poulsen ◽  
Frédéric Fluteau ◽  
Clay R. Tabor ◽  
Kenneth G. MacLeod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Deep Water Formation ◽  
Geologic History ◽  
Water Formation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Climate Model Simulations

Abstract. Understanding of the role of ocean circulation on climate during the Late Cretaceous is contingent on the ability to reconstruct its modes and evolution. Geochemical proxies used to infer modes of past circulation provide conflicting interpretations for the reorganization of the ocean circulation through the Late Cretaceous. Here, we present climate model simulations of the Cenomanian (100.5–93.9 Ma) and Maastrichtian (72.1–66.1 Ma) stages of the Cretaceous with the CCSM4 earth system model. We focus on intermediate (500–1500 m) and deep (> 1500 m) ocean circulation and show that while there is continuous deep-water production in the southwestern Pacific, major circulation changes occur between the Cenomanian and Maastrichtian. Opening of the Atlantic and Southern Ocean, in particular, drives a transition from a mostly zonal circulation to enhanced meridional exchange. Using additional experiments to test the effect of deepening of major ocean gateways in the Maastrichtian, we demonstrate that the geometry of these gateways likely had a considerable impact on ocean circulation. We further compare simulated circulation results with compilations of εNd records and show that simulated changes in Late Cretaceous ocean circulation are reasonably consistent with proxy-based inferences. In our simulations, consistency with the geologic history of major ocean gateways and absence of shift in areas of deep-water formation suggest that Late Cretaceous trends in εNd values in the Atlantic and southern Indian oceans were caused by the subsidence of volcanic provinces and opening of the Atlantic and Southern oceans rather than changes in deep-water formation areas and/or reversal of deep-water fluxes. However, the complexity in interpreting Late Cretaceous εNd values underscores the need for new records as well as specific εNd modeling to better discriminate between the various plausible theories of ocean circulation change during this period.

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