Air-ice drag coefficients in the western Weddell Sea: 1. Values deduced from profile measurements

1995 ◽  
Vol 100 (C3) ◽  
pp. 4821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar L. Andreas ◽  
Kerry J. Claffey
Keyword(s):  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Drag Coefficients

scholarly journals Atmospheric drag coefficients of Weddell Sea ice computed from roughness profiles

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 455-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fisher ◽  
Victoria I. Lytle
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Surface Drag ◽  
Drag Coefficients ◽  
The Antarctic

Sea ice is a highly mobile component of the Antarctic environment. Its velocity and deformation are critical processes, important in global climate models. These variables are determined by the balance of atmospheric and oceanic forces on each ice Hoe and variations in these forcings, and can produce regions ofdivcrgence or convergence. Surface drag coefficients relate the forces due to wind or water to the stress applied to the ice floe. This study adds to the limited drag coefficients reported previously for Antarctic data. Surface elevation profiles were collected during two ship-based voyages to the Weddell Sea in 1992 and 1994, and were also recorded on Ice Station Weddell in 1992. These data are used to derive surface drag coefficients using an empirical formulation following Banke and others (1980). The eastern and western regions of the Weddell Sea contain primarily first- and second-year ice, respectively. Despite these different ice types, the drag coefficients calculated are similar. The difieren! ice-drifl/wind-speed ratio in the two regions suggests a difference in ocean currents, internal ice stress or water drag. The drag coefficients calculated ranged between 1.2 X 10 −3 and 2.2 X 10 −3 The results compare well with other published Antarctic coefficients, and are generally smaller than those reported for the Arctic.

Thermosphere Density Variability, Drag Coefficients, and Precision Satellite Orbits

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig A. McLaughlin ◽  
Dhaval M. Krishna ◽  
Piyush M. Mehta ◽  
Travis Lechtenberg ◽  
Andrew Hiatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Orbits ◽  
Drag Coefficients

WEAK PLIOCENE BOTTOM CURRENTS IN THE JANE BASIN, NW WEDDELL SEA BASED ON MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF GRAIN SIZE SPECTRA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa R. Luna ◽  
◽  
Suzanne O'Connell ◽  
Joseph D. Ortiz ◽  
Michael C. Wizevich
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Size Spectra ◽  
Bottom Currents

Ground Transportation: Ships

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rez
Keyword(s):  
Speed Of Sound ◽  
Projected Area ◽  
Drag Coefficients ◽  
Wetted Area ◽  
Large Container ◽  
Density Of Water

The drag on ships comes from movement through the water. There is a part that is analogous to the parasitic drag in aircraft, and a part that comes from creating the bow and stern waves—in some ways similar to the compressibility drag in aircraft that approach the speed of sound. Given that the density of water is more than 800 times that of air, speeds through the water are slower. Drag coefficients are specified differently for ships than for cars, trucks and airplanes. The relevant area is the total wetted area, and not the frontal projected area. Ships can be very efficient—the very powerful two-stroke diesels that power large container ships and tankers can be over 50% thermally efficient.

scholarly journals Salinity effects on cultured Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral) from high latitudes: new paleoenvironmental insights

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Bertlich ◽  
Nikolaus Gussone ◽  
Jasper Berndt ◽  
Heinrich F. Arlinghaus ◽  
Gerhard S. Dieckmann
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Neogloboquadrina Pachyderma ◽  
Antarctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Water Species ◽  
Cold Water Species

AbstractThis study presents culture experiments of the cold water species Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral) and provides new insights into the incorporation of elements in foraminiferal calcite of common and newly established proxies for paleoenvironmental applications (shell Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca and Na/Ca). Specimens were collected from sea ice during the austral winter in the Antarctic Weddell Sea and subsequently cultured at different salinities and a constant temperature. Incorporation of the fluorescent dye calcein showed new chamber formation in the culture at salinities of 30, 31, and 69. Cultured foraminifers at salinities of 46 to 83 only revealed chamber wall thickening, indicated by the fluorescence of the whole shell. Signs of reproduction and the associated gametogenic calcite were not observed in any of the culture experiments. Trace element analyses were performed using an electron microprobe, which revealed increased shell Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, and Na/Ca values at higher salinities, with Mg/Ca showing the lowest sensitivity to salinity changes. This study enhances the knowledge about unusually high element concentrations in foraminifera shells from high latitudes. Neogloboquadrina pachyderma appears to be able to calcify in the Antarctic sea ice within brine channels, which have low temperatures and exceptionally high salinities due to ongoing sea ice formation.

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