[Comment on “Old and new ideas visited for comet and asteroid hazard mitigation strategies” by J. Wakefield] Clarifying a few points about impact mitigation strategies

Eos ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (40) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
David Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Impact Mitigation ◽  
Asteroid Hazard ◽  
New Ideas

Avalanche Hazard Mitigation Strategies Assessed by Cost Effectiveness Analyses and Cost Benefit Analyses—evidence from Davos, Switzerland

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Fuchs ◽  
Magdalena Thöni ◽  
Maria Christina McAlpin ◽  
Urs Gruber ◽  
Michael Bründl
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Avalanche Hazard

Manufactured housing and the 2004 hurricane season: Assessing the effectiveness of hazard mitigation

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin R. Grosskopf, PhD, CEM
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Assessment Data ◽  
Safety Standard ◽  
Manufactured Housing ◽  
Hurricane Season ◽  
Manufactured Homes

The vast majority of some 22-million manufactured housing residents in the United States are ethnic, elderly, low-income populations. As the fourth most populous and second fastest growing US state, Florida is home to one of the nation’s largest concentrations of manufactured homes in one of its most geographically vulnerable regions. After-action reports from Hurricanes Charley, Jeanne, Frances, and Ivan indicate that all manufactured housing units constructed after the 1994 Federal Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standard survived intact, whereas units constructed before 1994 suffered damage ranging from severe to catastrophic. This paper provides manufactured housing damage-assessment data from 60 of 67 Florida counties affected by the 2004 hurricane season according to various federal and state hazard mitigation strategies implemented from 1976 to 1999.

scholarly journals An In-Depth Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Lithium-Ion Battery for Climate Impact Mitigation Strategies

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5555
Author(s):  
Jhuma Sadhukhan ◽  
Mark Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Renewable Electricity ◽  
Impact Mitigation ◽  
Electricity Infrastructure

Battery energy storage systems (BESS) are an essential component of renewable electricity infrastructure to resolve the intermittency in the availability of renewable resources. To keep the global temperature rise below 1.5 °C, renewable electricity and electrification of the majority of the sectors are a key proposition of the national and international policies and strategies. Thus, the role of BESS in achieving the climate impact mitigation target is significant. There is an unmet need for a detailed life cycle assessment (LCA) of BESS with lithium-ion batteries being the most promising one. This study conducts a rigorous and comprehensive LCA of lithium-ion batteries to demonstrate the life cycle environmental impact hotspots and ways to improve the hotspots for the sustainable development of BESS and thus, renewable electricity infrastructure. The whole system LCA of lithium-ion batteries shows a global warming potential (GWP) of 1.7, 6.7 and 8.1 kg CO2 eq kg−1 in change-oriented (consequential) and present with and without recycling credit consideration, scenarios. The GWP hotspot is the lithium-ion cathode, which is due to lithium hexafluorophosphate that is ultimately due to the resource-intensive production system of phosphorous, white, liquid. To compete against the fossil economy, the GWP of BESS must be curbed by 13 folds. To be comparable with renewable energy systems, hydroelectric, wind, biomass, geothermal and solar (4–76 g CO2 eq kWh−1), 300 folds reduction in the GWP of BESS will be necessary. The areas of improvement to lower the GWP of BESS are as follows: reducing scopes 2–3 emissions from fossil resource use in the material production processes by phosphorous recycling, increasing energy density, increasing lifespan by effective services, increasing recyclability and number of lives, waste resource acquisition for the battery components and deploying multi-faceted integrated roles of BESS. Achieving the above can be translated into an overall avoided GWP of up to 82% by 2040.

Storytelling—Plots of resilience, learning, and discovery in emergency management

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 363-371
Author(s):  
Bob Freitag, CFM ◽  
Thad Hicks, PhD, CEM, MEP ◽  
Alessandra Jerolleman, PhD, MPA, CFM ◽  
Wendy Walsh, MA
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Kurt Vonnegut ◽  
Pedagogical Tool ◽  
The Public ◽  
Emergency Managers ◽  
History Of

Almost everyone can relate to the experience of telling a story. This article explores how storytelling is being used to identify risks and create hazard mitigation strategies, as well as how it can promote learning within the field of emergency management. Storytelling is both a pedagogical tool and an invaluable resource for practicing emergency managers. This article illustrates the ways in which the process of telling a story enables participates to talk about stressful concerns, internalize complex concepts, and even have fun. The article explores how storytelling drove the public process leading to the adoption of hazard mitigation plans, and how eight types of stories, as defined by the American humorist Kurt Vonnegut, can strengthen emergency management education. This article also explores how research suggests that storytelling can provide an effective way for both the tellers of story and their listeners to find meaning in events, provide context to what is being taught, transmit emotion along with information, develop a professional identity, build empathy and compassion, and help with remembering events and lessons learned. The authors have a long history of utilizing storytelling and present this article in order to share and explore storytelling as applied to the discipline of emergency management.

scholarly journals Rainfall-triggered landslides, anthropogenic hazards, and mitigation strategies

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Hazard Mitigation ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Control Structures ◽  
Social Interests ◽  
Catastrophic Loss ◽  
Extensive Property ◽  
Global Population

Abstract. Rainfall-triggered landslides are part of a natural process of hillslope erosion that can result in catastrophic loss of life and extensive property damage in mountainous, densely populated areas. As global population expansion on or near steep hillslopes continues, the human and economic costs associated with landslides will increase. Landslide hazard mitigation strategies generally involve hazard assessment mapping, warning systems, control structures, and regional landslide planning and policy development. To be sustainable, hazard mitigation requires that management of natural resources is closely connected to local economic and social interests. A successful strategy is dependent on a combination of multi-disciplinary scientific and engineering approaches, and the political will to take action at the local community to national scale.

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