Heat flux parameterizations for the Mediterranean Sea: The role of atmospheric aerosols and constraints from the water budget

1994 ◽  
Vol 99 (C3) ◽  
pp. 5119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Gilman ◽  
Chris Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
The Mediterranean

Migration and ‘pull factor’ traps

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenda Garelli ◽  
Martina Tazzioli
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Migration Studies ◽  
Pull Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Critical Knowledge ◽  
Political Outcomes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
History Books

Abstract This article engages with the centrality that the push–pull theory regained in the context of border deaths in the Mediterranean Sea and particularly as part of the debate against the criminalization of nongovernment organizations (NGOs’) rescue missions at sea. The article opens by illustrating the context in which the push–pull theory re-emerged—after having been part of migration studies’ history books for over a decade—as part of an effort to defend non-state actors engaged in rescue missions in the Mediterranean Sea against an aggressive campaign of illegalilzation conducted by European states. We then take a step back to trace the history of the push–pull theory and its role as a foil for critical migration studies in the past 20 years. Building on this history, the article then turns to interrogating the epistemic and political outcomes that result from bringing evidence against the NGOs’ role as pull factors for migrants. The article closes by advocating for a transformative, rather than evidencing, role of critical knowledge in the current political context where migrants and actors who fight against border deaths are increasingly criminalized.

scholarly journals The role of atmospheric deposition in the biogeochemistry of the Mediterranean Sea

1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 147-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Guerzoni ◽  
Roy Chester ◽  
François Dulac ◽  
Barak Herut ◽  
Marie-Dominique Loÿe-Pilot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Deposition ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals The role of the Strait of Gibraltar in shaping the genetic structure of the Mediterranean Grenadier, Coryphaenoides mediterraneus, between the Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e0174988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Catarino ◽  
Sergio Stefanni ◽  
Per Erik Jorde ◽  
Gui M. Menezes ◽  
Joan B. Company ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Strait Of Gibraltar ◽  
The Mediterranean

A scale-independent model for land-locked seas with application to the Messinian salinity crisis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Meijer
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Independent Solution ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Messinian Salinity Crisis ◽  
Elevated Salinity ◽  
Levantine Basin ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Atmospheric Heat

<p>While the Mediterranean Sea is, since the Middle Miocene, a nearly completely land-locked basin indeed, it is itself comprised of several smaller semi-enclosed seas. What the Mediterranean Sea as a whole is to the Atlantic Ocean, are the Adriatic Sea or Aegean Sea to the Ionian-Levantine basin, for example. In the discussions regarding the Messinian salinity crisis the marginal basins of the Mediterranean play a prominent role because it is from these parts that the sedimentary record has been uplifted and become exposed.</p><p>In view of this and with an aim to contribute insight from the field of modelling, we focus on the basic element: a single marginal basin, subject to atmospheric forcing and exchanging water through a seaway with an adjacent larger basin. The equations are derived in dimensionless form and a universal, scale-independent, solution for basin salinity obtained. The analysis yields two dimensionless ratios which control basin behaviour in terms of salinity and response time. </p><p>Application of the theoretical model to the Messinian salinity crisis sheds new light on the formation of gypsum in marginal basins that were separated from the main Mediterranean by a sill, gives insight about the role of atmospheric heat exchange, and underlines the previous finding that, at elevated salinity, marginal basins respond to periodic climate variation (e.g. due to precession) with a significant lag.</p>

scholarly journals Assessing the role of submarine groundwater discharge as a source of Sr to the Mediterranean Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 42-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giada Trezzi ◽  
Jordi Garcia-Orellana ◽  
Valentí Rodellas ◽  
Pere Masqué ◽  
Ester Garcia-Solsona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Submarine Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Submarine Groundwater ◽  
The Mediterranean

The atmospheric component of the Mediterranean Sea water budget in a WRF multi-physics ensemble and observations

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 2349-2375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Di Luca ◽  
Emmanouil Flaounas ◽  
Philippe Drobinski ◽  
Cindy Lebeaupin Brossier
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Water Budget ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Atmospheric Component ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Physics Ensemble

scholarly journals Distribution and host diversity of Amoebophryidae parasites across oligotrophic waters of the Mediterranean Sea

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Siano ◽  
C. Alves-de-Souza ◽  
E. Foulon ◽  
El M. Bendif ◽  
N. Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Coastal Station ◽  
Host Diversity ◽  
Eukaryotic Community ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Host Infection

Abstract. Sequences affiliated to Syndiniales (Marine alveolate, MALV) regularly dominate 18S rDNA genetic libraries of nearly all marine ecosystems investigated so far. Among them, Amoebophryidae (MALV group II) is composed of numerous and genetically distant environmental sequences, where Amoebophrya is the only known and formally described genus. Amoebophrya species include virulent pathogens for a wide range of dinoflagellate species. Beside their regular occurrence in marine ecosystems, their quantitative distribution and the environmental factors triggering host infection have barely been studied in open oligotrophic waters. In order to understand the functional role of these parasites in natural environments, we studied the distribution and contribution to the eukaryotic community of the small free-living stage of Amoebophryidae (the dinospores) along a transect in the Mediterranean Sea, as well as their host diversity at three oligotrophic stations. Dinospores were more abundant at a coastal station (max. 1.5 × 103 cells ml−1) than in oligotrophic waters (max. 51 ± 16.3 cells ml−1), where they represented 10.3 to 34.9% of the total eukaryotic community at 40 and 30 m depth, respectively and 21.2% on average along the water column. Positive correlation was found between dinospore occurrence and higher concentration of NO3 + NO2 at the coastal station. At selected stations, out of 38 different dinoflagellates taxa identified, 15 were infected, among which a majority were not recognized as Amoebophryidae host so far. Prevalences (percentage of infected cells) generally varied between 1% and 10%, with a notable exception for Blepharocysta paulsenii for which 25% of cells were infected at the most oligotrophic station. The present study shows that dinospores are able to thrive and infect dinoflagellates both in coastal and ultra-oligotrophic open waters. Our results emphasize the role of parasitism in microbial food web dynamics and ultimately on biogeochemical cycles.

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