Two forms of volcanism: Implications for mantle flow and off-axis crustal production on the west flank of the southern East Pacific Rise

1993 ◽  
Vol 98 (B10) ◽  
pp. 17875-17889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Shen ◽  
Donald W. Forsyth ◽  
Daniel S. Scheirer ◽  
Ken C. Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
East Pacific Rise ◽  
Mantle Flow ◽  
The West ◽  
East Pacific

New species of holothurian (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from hydrothermal vent habitats

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Smirnov ◽  
A.V. Gebruk ◽  
S.V. Galkin ◽  
T. Shank
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
East Pacific Rise ◽  
The West ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
East Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
Hydrothermal Environment ◽  
Deposit Feeding

A new holothurian species Chiridota hydrothermica (Apodida: Chiridotidae) is described, restricted to hydrothermal vent habitats. The new species is known from the west Pacific (Manus and North Fiji Basins) and the South East Pacific Rise, between 17 and 21°S. The unusual large, lobe-like tentacles of this holothurian, uncommon in the family Chiridotidae, could be an adaptation to facilitate shifts between suspension- and deposit-feeding in the hydrothermal environment. A brief review of all known records of holothurians and other echinoderms at hydrothermal vents is given.

scholarly journals Kinematics and dynamics of the East Pacific Rise linked to a stable, deep-mantle upwelling

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. e1601107 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Rowley ◽  
Alessandro M. Forte ◽  
Christopher J. Rowan ◽  
Petar Glišović ◽  
Robert Moucha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Pacific Rise ◽  
Oceanic Lithosphere ◽  
Plate Motion ◽  
Mantle Flow ◽  
Plate Boundaries ◽  
Tectonic Plates ◽  
Ocean Ridges ◽  
East Pacific ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Negative Buoyancy

Earth’s tectonic plates are generally considered to be driven largely by negative buoyancy associated with subduction of oceanic lithosphere. In this context, mid-ocean ridges (MORs) are passive plate boundaries whose divergence accommodates flow driven by subduction of oceanic slabs at trenches. We show that over the past 80 million years (My), the East Pacific Rise (EPR), Earth’s dominant MOR, has been characterized by limited ridge-perpendicular migration and persistent, asymmetric ridge accretion that are anomalous relative to other MORs. We reconstruct the subduction-related buoyancy fluxes of plates on either side of the EPR. The general expectation is that greater slab pull should correlate with faster plate motion and faster spreading at the EPR. Moreover, asymmetry in slab pull on either side of the EPR should correlate with either ridge migration or enhanced plate velocity in the direction of greater slab pull. Based on our analysis, none of the expected correlations are evident. This implies that other forces significantly contribute to EPR behavior. We explain these observations using mantle flow calculations based on globally integrated buoyancy distributions that require core-mantle boundary heat flux of up to 20 TW. The time-dependent mantle flow predictions yield a long-lived deep-seated upwelling that has its highest radial velocity under the EPR and is inferred to control its observed kinematics. The mantle-wide upwelling beneath the EPR drives horizontal components of asthenospheric flows beneath the plates that are similarly asymmetric but faster than the overlying surface plates, thereby contributing to plate motions through viscous tractions in the Pacific region.

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