Brazil-Malvinas Confluence: Water mass composition

1992 ◽  
Vol 97 (C6) ◽  
pp. 9493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keitapu Maamaatuaiahutapu ◽  
Véronique C. Garçon ◽  
Christine Provost ◽  
Mostefa Boulahdid ◽  
Ana Paula Osiroff
Keyword(s):  
Water Mass ◽  
Mass Composition

Spring and winter water mass composition in the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keitapu Maamaatuaiahutapu ◽  
Véronique C. Garçon ◽  
Christine Provost ◽  
Mostefa Boulahdid ◽  
Alejandro A. Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Water Mass ◽  
Mass Composition

scholarly journals Surface water mass composition changes captured by cores of Arctic land-fast sea ice

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 154-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.J. Smith ◽  
H. Eicken ◽  
A.R. Mahoney ◽  
R. Van Hale ◽  
A.J. Gough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Composition Changes

scholarly journals Transformation and mixing of North Pacific Water Mass in Sangihe-Talaud in August 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 944 (1) ◽  
pp. 012053
Author(s):  
I Y Sani ◽  
A S Atmadipoera ◽  
A Purwandana ◽  
F Syamsudin
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Mixing ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Bottom Topography ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Interior Layer ◽  
Maritime Continent ◽  
Pacific Water ◽  
O 10

Abstract Along the pathway, ITF water is considered to be transformed due to strong diapycnal mixing. This study aims to describe the structure of ITF water and to estimate turbulent mixing. The number of 6 CTD casts and 9 repeated CTD “yoyo” measurements were obtained from the “Years of Maritime Continent” YMC cruise (a joint cruise between BPPT/IPB/UNUD-Univ. Tokyo/JAMSTEC) and onboard R.V. Baruna Jaya IV in August 2019. The CTD datasets are processed with SBE Data Processing and analyzed for water mass composition, as well as turbulent mixing with Thorpe method. The results showed that thermocline water of NPSW with S-max, and intermediate water of NPIW with S-min from North Pacific origin are dominant. Transformation of NPSW and NPIW along their pathway can be identified from decreasing S-max of NPSW and increasing S-min of NPIW. Estimates of ϵ and Kρ are O(10−5) m2s−2 and 10−2 m2 s−1, respectively. High mixing occur also in the interior layer with the e and the Kp O(10−6) m2s−2 and O(10−1) m2 s−1, respectively. This is related to barotropic tidal activity that interacts with the bottom topography where there are many sills, causing the formation of strong baroclinic tides.

Least squares multiple tracer analysis of water mass composition

1987 ◽  
Vol 92 (C3) ◽  
pp. 2907 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Mackas ◽  
Kenneth L. Denman ◽  
Andrew F. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Mass Composition

Using long-lived radium isotopes as water-mass tracers in the North Sea and investigating their use for tracking artificial ocean alkalinization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal Mears ◽  
Helmuth Thomas ◽  
Hendrik Wolschke
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Great Cost ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

<p>The North Sea’s location has made it an object of oceanographic study for over 150 years. But within the more recent past, this shelf sea with its strong continental shelf pump system has captivated science’s attention for a different reason: artificial ocean alkalinization (AOA). Through the enhancement of metabolic pathways or the addition of dissolved alkaline minerals into the ocean to draw down atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>, AOA seems to offer a compelling option to mitigate climate change. But without judicious thought, human interaction could come at great cost. Alkalinity plays an integral role within a system’s biogeochemistry, and disruptions may result in large scale changes to small scale environments. But, within the North Sea, an extremely effective tracer of total alkalinity has been found, <sup>228</sup>Ra. This isotope along with <sup>226</sup>Ra, comprise the two long-lived isotopes of the Radium Quartet with half-lives of 1600yrs and 5.8yrs, respectively. As naturally occurring, sediment-derived radioisotopes, <sup>228</sup>Ra and <sup>226</sup>Ra have the potential to map the water-mass composition, the distribution patterns, and the associated timescales from shelf-sediment interaction to the open ocean. Furthermore, providing a possible method to shed light on the North Sea’s water-mass distributions, changing alkalinity patterns, and the potential effects of AOA. Over the course of this study, we will identify the basin’s key water-mass patterns and end members through the use of <sup>226</sup>Ra and <sup>228</sup>Ra, complemented by hydrological and carbonate parameters collected from the North Sea during the summers of 2018 and 2019 aboard the German research vessel Heincke. By employing inverse modelling techniques, we will investigate how AOA can cause changes on both a local and potentially global scale.</p>

Annual variability of the long-lived anthropogenic radionuclides 129I and 236U in the Fram Strait and their use as water mass composition tracers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Wefing ◽  
Núria Casacuberta ◽  
Marcus Christl ◽  
Michael Karcher ◽  
Paul A. Dodd
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Atlantic Water ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Fram Strait ◽  
Anthropogenic Radionuclides ◽  
Mixing Processes ◽  
East Greenland Current ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

<p>Anthropogenic chemical tracers are powerful tools to study pathways, water mass provenance and mixing processes in the ocean. Releases of the long-lived anthropogenic radionuclides <sup>129</sup>I and <sup>236</sup>U from European nuclear reprocessing plants label Atlantic Water entering the Arctic Ocean with a distinct signal that can be used to track pathways and timescales of Atlantic Water circulation in the Arctic Ocean and Fram Strait. Apart from their application as transient tracers, the difference in anthropogenic radionuclide concentrations between Atlantic- and Pacific-origin water provides an instrument to distinguish the interface between both water masses. In contrast to classically used water mass tracers such as nitrate-phosphate (N:P) ratios, the two radionuclides are considered to behave conservatively in seawater and are not affected by biogeochemical processes occurring in particular in the broad shelf regions of the Arctic Ocean.</p><p>Here we present a time-series of <sup>129</sup>I and <sup>236</sup>U data across the Fram Strait, collected in 2016 (as part of the GEOTRACES program) and in 2018 and 2019 (by the Norwegian Polar Institute). While the overall spatial distribution of both radionuclides was similar among the three sampling years, significant differences were observed in the upper water column of the EGC, especially between 2016 and 2018. This study is the first attempt to investigate the potential of <sup>129</sup>I and <sup>236</sup>U as water mass composition tracers in the East Greenland Current (EGC). We discuss how the <sup>129</sup>I - <sup>236</sup>U tracer pair can be applied to estimate fractions of Atlantic and Pacific Water, especially considering their time-dependent input into the Arctic Ocean.</p>

Ultrastructure of Some Planktonic Formainifera

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
William H. Zucker
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanol Dehydration ◽  
Globigerinoides Ruber ◽  
Light Microscope Level ◽  
Globigerina Bulloides ◽  
Glutaraldehyde Solution ◽  
Diamond Knife

Planktonic foraminifera are widely-distributed and abundant zooplankters. They are significant as water mass indicators and provide evidence of paleotemperatures and events which occurred during Pleistocene glaciation. In spite of their ecological and paleological significance, little is known of their cell biology. There are few cytological studies of these organisms at the light microscope level and some recent reports of their ultrastructure.Specimens of Globigerinoides ruber, Globigerina bulloides, Globigerinoides conglobatus and Globigerinita glutinata were collected in Bermuda waters and fixed in a cold cacodylate-buffered 6% glutaraldehyde solution for two hours. They were then rinsed, post-fixed in Palade's fluid, rinsed again and stained with uranyl acetate. This was followed by graded ethanol dehydration, during which they were identified and picked clean of debris. The specimens were finally embedded in Epon 812 by placing each organism in a separate BEEM capsule. After sectioning with a diamond knife, stained sections were viewed in a Philips 200 electron microscope.

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