Assessment of pollutant emission inventories by principal component analysis of ambient air measurements

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1009-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Buhr ◽  
M. Trainer ◽  
D. D. Parrish ◽  
R. E. Sievers ◽  
F. C. Fehsenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Emission Inventories ◽  
Ambient Air Measurements

scholarly journals Principal Component Analysis of Chlorophyll Content in Tobacco, Bean and Petunia Plants Exposed to Different Tropospheric Ozone Concentrations

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaudia Borowiak ◽  
Janina Zbierska ◽  
Anna Budka ◽  
Dariusz Kayzer
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Ozone Concentration ◽  
Tropospheric Ozone ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Ozone Concentrations

Abstract Three plant species were assessed in this study - ozone-sensitive and -resistant tobacco, ozone-sensitive petunia and bean. Plants were exposed to ambient air conditions for several weeks in two sites differing in tropospheric ozone concentrations in the growing season of 2009. Every week chlorophyll contents were analysed. Cumulative ozone effects on the chlorophyll content in relation to other meteorological parameters were evaluated using principal component analysis, while the relation between certain days of measurements of the plants were analysed using multivariate analysis of variance. Results revealed variability between plant species response. However, some similarities were noted. Positive relations of all chlorophyll forms to cumulative ozone concentration (AOT 40) were found for all the plant species that were examined. The chlorophyll b/a ratio revealed an opposite position to ozone concentration only in the ozone-resistant tobacco cultivar. In all the plant species the highest average chlorophyll content was noted after the 7th day of the experiment. Afterwards, the plants usually revealed various responses. Ozone-sensitive tobacco revealed decrease of chlorophyll content, and after few weeks of decline again an increase was observed. Probably, due to the accommodation for the stress factor. While during first three weeks relatively high levels of chlorophyll contents were noted in ozone-resistant tobacco. Petunia revealed a slow decrease of chlorophyll content and the lowest values at the end of the experiment. A comparison between the plant species revealed the highest level of chlorophyll contents in ozone-resistant tobacco.

scholarly journals Data-driven regionalization for analyzing the spatiotemporal characteristic of air quality in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Sheng Li ◽  
Jiangtao Liu ◽  
Chao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Regional Collaboration ◽  
The Government

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> With the development of urbanization and industrialization, the degradation of ambient air quality has become a serious issue that impacts human health and the environment; thus, it has attracted more attention from scholars. Usually, the mass concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3) and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10&amp;thinsp;&amp;mu;m and 2.5&amp;thinsp;&amp;mu;m (PM10 and PM2.5) are used to evaluate air quality. A commonly used data-driven regionalization framework for studying air quality issues, identifying areas with similar air pollution behavior and locating emission sources involves an incorporation of the principal component analysis (PCA) with cluster analysis (CA) methods. However, the traditional PCA does not consider spatial variations, which is a notable issue in geographic studies. This article focuses on extracting the local principal components (PCs) of air quality indicators based on a geographically weighted principal component analysis (GWPCA), which is superior to the PCA when considering spatial heterogeneity. Then, a spatial cluster analysis (SCA) is used to identify the areas with similar air pollution behavior based on the results of the GWPCA. The results are all visualized and show that the GWPCA has a higher explanatory ability than the traditional PCA. Our modified framework based on the GWPCA and SCA for assessing air quality can effectively guide environmentalists and geographers in evaluating and improving air quality from a new perspective. Furthermore, the visualization results can be used by city planners and the government for monitoring and managing air pollution. Finally, policy suggestions are recommended for mitigating air pollution via regional collaboration.</p>

scholarly journals ANÁLISE DAS COMPONENTES PRINCIPAIS NO PROCESSO DE MONITORAMENTO AMBIENTAL

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaury De Souza ◽  
Débora Aparecida da Silva Santos
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Barometric Pressure ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

O presente trabalho apresenta os resultados da medição das concentrações de ozônio, óxidos de nitrogênio (NO, NO2 e NOx) e SO2 em ar ambiente em paralelo com o registro dos parâmetros meteorológicos: temperatura, radiação solar, umidade relativa, pressão barométrica, velocidade e direção do vento durante o ano de 2015. As medições foram efetuadas na estação de medição situada dentro do campus da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Os resultados são apresentados neste trabalho como valores médios em relação ao tempo do dia. Diversas correlações da concentração de ozônio vs. observação atmosféricos foram feitas, juntamente com a Análise de Componentes Principais. A análise estatística dos dados obtidos, com base na Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP), levou a que 73,2% da variância dos valores medidos pudessem ser descritos com quatro fatores. Foi determinado um alto grau de intercorrelação de NOx. Estes poluentes foram todos agrupados no fator 1 e 2, que descreveu 54,6% de variâncias dos valores medidos.Palavras-chave: poluentes, ozônio, óxidos de nitrogênio. PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROCESS ABSTRACT: The present work presents the results of measuring the concentrations of ozone, nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2 and NOx) and SO2 in ambient air in parallel with the recording of meteorological parameters: temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity, barometric pressure, velocity and Wind direction during the year 2015. The measurements were taken at the measuring station located inside the campus of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul. The results are presented in this work as mean values in relation to the time of day. Several correlations of the ozone concentration vs. Atmospheric observations were made along with Principal Component Analysis. Statistical analysis of the data obtained, based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA), led to 73.2% of the variance of the measured values could be described with four factors. A high degree of NOx intercorrelation was determined. These pollutants were all grouped in factor 1 and 2, which described 54.6% of variances of the measured values.Keywords: pollutants, ozone, nitrogen oxides.

scholarly journals Spatial assessment on health impact of atmospheric pollution in Makassar, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 02019
Author(s):  
Wesam Al Madhoun ◽  
Faheem Ahmad Gul ◽  
Faizah Che Ros ◽  
Hamza Ahmad Isiyaka ◽  
Anwar Mallongi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Pm10 And Pm2.5 ◽  
Starting Point

There has been little discussion to date on air pollution and its potential relationship with health in Makassar, Indonesia. This study aims to create a starting point for this discussion by investigating existing data points and the potential correlation between ambient air pollution and health in Makassar, Indonesia. Six months of air quality data (July-December, 2018) on CO, SO2, NO2, O3, PM10, and PM2.5 were provided by the city and were analyzed alongside tuberculosis and pneumonia data provided by the hospital and community health centers in Makassar. Data were analyzed using principal component analysis, dendrogram, and some GIS mapping. Quantitative data from the USAID-funded Building Health Cities project were also used to help explain some of the quantitative findings. Results show that principal component analysis (PCA) gave three statistics factors having eigenvalues exceeding one, which account for 83% of the total variance in the dataset. The three factors accounted for a strong impact by CO, O3, SO2, PM10, and PM2.5 attributed to the incomplete combustion of fuel from automobiles, bush burning, and industrial emission. Air pollution-related illnesses such as tuberculosis and pneumonia are found to prevail in the area. Real-time air quality monitoring is required to benchmark the health impact of extreme conditions. This study also encourages urgent intervention by decision-makers to tackle the level of tuberculosis and pneumonia occurrence that may be favored by the poor air quality in Makassar.

A German version of the Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ): cultural adaptation and validation

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirchberger ◽  
Finger ◽  
Müller-Bühl
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Intermittent Claudication ◽  
Completion Time ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
German Version ◽  
Average Completion Time ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Related Quality

Background: The Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ) is a short questionnaire for the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). The objective of this study was to translate the ICQ into German and to investigate the psychometric properties of the German ICQ version in patients with IC. Patients and methods: The original English version was translated using a forward-backward method. The resulting German version was reviewed by the author of the original version and an experienced clinician. Finally, it was tested for clarity with 5 German patients with IC. A sample of 81 patients were administered the German ICQ. The sample consisted of 58.0 % male patients with a median age of 71 years and a median IC duration of 36 months. Test of feasibility included completeness of questionnaires, completion time, and ratings of clarity, length and relevance. Reliability was assessed through a retest in 13 patients at 14 days, and analysis of Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency. Construct validity was investigated using principal component analysis. Concurrent validity was assessed by correlating the ICQ scores with the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) as well as clinical measures. Results: The ICQ was completely filled in by 73 subjects (90.1 %) with an average completion time of 6.3 minutes. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient reached 0.75. Intra-class correlation for test-retest reliability was r = 0.88. Principal component analysis resulted in a 3 factor solution. The first factor explained 51.5 of the total variation and all items had loadings of at least 0.65 on it. The ICQ was significantly associated with the SF-36 and treadmill-walking distances whereas no association was found for resting ABPI. Conclusions: The German version of the ICQ demonstrated good feasibility, satisfactory reliability and good validity. Responsiveness should be investigated in further validation studies.

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