Large-scale three-dimensional even-degree structure of the Earth from splitting of long-period normal modes

1991 ◽  
Vol 96 (B1) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang-Dong Li ◽  
Domenico Giardini ◽  
John H. Woodhouses
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Normal Modes ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Degree Structure

Low-frequency seismology and the three-dimensional structure of the Earth

1989 ◽  
Vol 328 (1599) ◽  
pp. 329-349 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Quantitative Agreement ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
The Earth

We attempt to catalogue those features of the three-dimensional structure of the Earth that are well-constrained by low-frequency data (i.e. periods longer than about 125 seconds). The dominant signals in such data are the surface-wave equivalent modes whose phase characteristics are mainly affected by a large scale structure of harmonic degree two in the upper mantle. Available aspherical models predict this phase behaviour quite well, but do not give an accurate prediction of the observed waveforms and we must appeal to higher-order structure an d /o r coupling effects to give the observed complexity of the data. Strong splitting of modes which sample the cores of the Earth is also observed and, though we do not yet have a model of aspherical structure which gives quantitative agreement with these data, anisotropy or large-scale aspherical structure in the inner core appears to be required to model the observed signal.

Thin-sheet EM modelling of the Tasman Sea

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.S. Heinson ◽  
F.E.M. Lilley
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Thin Sheet ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Tasman Sea ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
Tectonic Features ◽  
The University

The Tasman Project of Seafloor Magnetotelluric Exploration (TPSME) took place between December 1983 and April 1984 (Filloux et al., 1985; Ferguson et al., 1985; Lilley etal., 1989). Seven magnetotelluric and two (additional) magnetometer sites spanned a range of tectonic features across the Tasman Sea. Initial analysis by Ferguson (1988) indicated large-scale three-dimensional induction effects to be present in the data. It was concluded that the most probable causes were the continental margin effect and changes in bathymetry.In the present paper, a method is presented of modelling the salt water of the Tasman Sea and adjoining oceans as a thin sheet of variable lateral conductance, which overlies a series of uniform layers representing the solid Earth. The theory and a suitable computer algorithm were developed in a group led by J. T. Weaver at the University of Victoria, B.C., Canada. Many of the features present in the TPSME data are reproduced by this method, and with a greater understanding of induction processes in the ocean which is thus obtained, it is possible to remove three-dimensional effects from observed data. The TPSME data are then solely a measure of the response of the Earth directly beneath the observing sites, and one-dimensional modelling techniques may be used to determine the conductivity structures.

MODERN METHODS OF AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY FOR ARCHITECTURAL AND PLANNING ANALYSIS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE OBJECTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Denis V. LITVINOV
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Cultural Heritage Objects ◽  
Territorial Unity

In the article the results of research works of a large-scale object of cultural heritage of the Earth mound of the Krasnoyarsk fortress with application of aerial photography from the unmanned aerial vehicle are presented. The Krasnoyarsk fortress is a unique monument of military fortifi cation architecture of Russia of the fi rst half of the XVIII century and one of the largest defensive lines in Russia, created for protection of the southeastern edge of the European Russia against att acks of nomads. The results of vertical and oblique aerial photography allow to reveal the general architectural and planning composition of the Earth mound of fortress as well as to see all the area of a complex and to defi ne the territorial unity with other fortifi cation constructions. The methods of use of unmanned aerial vehicles give materials about the object in study and allow to bind its spatial location to the coordinate system of the terrain, to create three-dimensional model of the area, to compare the received images with the available historical cards and plans, which will signifi cantly facilitate the task of registering the Fortress with the security authorities and withdrawing its territory from economic use.

Splitting Functions of Long-Period Normal Modes of the Earth

1988 ◽  
Vol 93 (B11) ◽  
pp. 13716-13742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Giardini ◽  
Xiang-Dong Li ◽  
John H. Woodhouse
Keyword(s):  
Normal Modes ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Earth

STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN RELATION TO THEIR GENDER AND ACADEMIC STREAM

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-265
Author(s):  
Dr.Navdeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Stages Of Learning ◽  
The Masses

Since its evolution environment has remained both a matter of awe and concern to man. The frontier attitude of the industrialized society towards nature has not only endangered the survival of all other life forms but also threatened the very existence of human life. The realization of such potential danger has necessitated the dissemination of knowledge and skill vis-a-vis environment protection at all stages of learning. Therefore, learners of all stages of learning need to be sensitized with a missionary zeal. This may ensure transformation of students into committed citizens for averting global environment crisis. The advancement of science and technology made the life more and more relaxed and man also became more and more ambitious. With such development, human dependence on environment increased. He consumed more resources and the effect of his activities on the environment became more and more detectable. Environment covers all the things present around the living beings and above the land, on the surface of the earth and under the earth. Environment indicates, in total, all of peripheral forces, pressures and circumstances, which affect the life, nature, behaviour, growth, development and maturation of living beings. Irrational exploitation (not utilization) of natural resources for our greed (not need) has endangered our survival, and incurred incalculable harm. Environmental Education is a science, a well-thought, permanent, lasting and integrated process of equipping learning experiences for getting awareness, knowledge, understanding, skills, values, technical expertise and involvement of learners with desirable attitudinal changes about their relationship with their natural and biophysical environment. Environmental Education is an organized effort to educate the masses about environment, its functions, need, importance, and especially how human beings can manage their behaviour in order to live in a sustainable manner.  The term 'environmental awareness' refers to creating general awareness of environmental issues, their causes by bringing about changes in perception, attitude, values and necessary skills to solve environment related problems. Moreover, it is the first step leading to the formation of responsible environmental behaviour (Stern, 2000). With the ever increasing development by modern man, large scale degradation of natural resources have been occurred, the public has to be educated about the fact that if we are degrading our environment we are actually harming ourselves. To encourage meaningful public participation and environment, it is necessary to create awareness about environment pollution and related adverse effects. This is the crucial time that environmental awareness and environmental sensitivity should be cultivated among the masses particularly among youths. For the awareness of society it is essential to work at a gross root level. So the whole society can work to save the environment.

Pèlerinages barrésiens

2013 ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
Claire Bompaire-Evesque
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The Self ◽  
Joan Of Arc ◽  
The Third ◽  
National Importance ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Dead

This article is a inquiry about how Barrès (1862-1923) handles the religious rite of pilgrimage. Barrès stages in his writings three successive forms of pilgrimage, revealing what is sacred to him at different times. The pilgrimage to a museum or to the birthplace of an artist is typical for the egotism and the humanism of the young Barrès, expressed in the Cult of the Self (1888-1891). After his conversion to nationalism, Barrès tries to unite the sons of France and to instill in them a solemn reverence for “the earth and the dead” ; for that purpose he encourages in French Amities (1903) pilgrimages to historical places of national importance (battlefields; birthplace of Joan of Arc), building what Nora later called the Realms of Memory. The third stage of Barrès’ intellectual evolution is exemplified by The Sacred Hill (1913). In this book the writer celebrates the places where “the Spirit blows”, and proves open to a large scale of spiritual forces, reaching back to paganism and forward to integrative syncretism, which aims at unifying “the entire realm of the sacred”.

Isolation Performance of Intelligent Seismic Isolation System Using Air Bearing

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Fujita ◽  
Keisuke Minagawa ◽  
Mitsuru Miyazaki ◽  
Go Tanaka ◽  
Toshio Omi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Isolation ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Motion ◽  
Air Bearings ◽  
Natural Period ◽  
Isolation System ◽  
Vertical Excitation ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Isolation Performance

This paper describes three-dimensional isolation performance of seismic isolation system using air bearings. Long period seismic waves having predominant period of from a few seconds to a few ten seconds have recently been observed in various earthquakes. Also resonances of high-rise buildings and sloshing of petroleum tanks in consequence of long period seismic waves have been reported. Therefore the isolation systems having very long natural period or no natural period are required. In a previous paper [1], we proposed an isolation system having no natural period by using air bearings. Additionally we have already reported an introduction of the system, and have investigated horizontal motion during earthquake in the previous paper. It was confirmed by horizontal vibration experiment and simulation in the previous paper that the proposed system had good performance of isolation. However vertical motion should be investigated, because vertical motion varies horizontal frictional force. Therefore this paper describes investigation regarding vertical motion of the proposed system by experiment. At first, a vertical excitation test of the system is carried out so as to investigate vertical dynamic property. Then a three-dimensional vibration test using seismic waves is carried out so as to investigate performance of isolation against three-dimensional seismic waves.

scholarly journals A Review on Additive Manufacturing Possibilities for Electrical Machines

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1940
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Naseer ◽  
Ants Kallaste ◽  
Bilal Asad ◽  
Toomas Vaimann ◽  
Anton Rassõlkin
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electrical Machines ◽  
Electromagnetic Properties ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
One Step ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

This paper presents current research trends and prospects of utilizing additive manufacturing (AM) techniques to manufacture electrical machines. Modern-day machine applications require extraordinary performance parameters such as high power-density, integrated functionalities, improved thermal, mechanical & electromagnetic properties. AM offers a higher degree of design flexibility to achieve these performance parameters, which is impossible to realize through conventional manufacturing techniques. AM has a lot to offer in every aspect of machine fabrication, such that from size/weight reduction to the realization of complex geometric designs. However, some practical limitations of existing AM techniques restrict their utilization in large scale production industry. The introduction of three-dimensional asymmetry in machine design is an aspect that can be exploited most with the prevalent level of research in AM. In order to take one step further towards the enablement of large-scale production of AM-built electrical machines, this paper also discusses some machine types which can best utilize existing developments in the field of AM.

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