How much did the Colombian Andes rise by the collision of the Caribbean oceanic plateau?

Author(s):  
Santiago León ◽  
Gaspar Monsalve ◽  
Camilo Bustamante
1997 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Lapierre ◽  
Dupuis ◽  
de Lépinay ◽  
Tardy ◽  
Ruíz ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
S. Robbert Gradstein ◽  
Anna Luiza Ilkiu-Borges

Abstract We describe the new liverwort species Lejeunea ryszardii from montane rainforest in the Central Cordillera of Colombia (Dept. Quindío) and Rectolejeunea halinae from submontane rainforest in the Western Cordillera (Dept. Risaralda). Both species stand out by copious vegetative reproduction via caducous leaves. Lejeunea ryszardii resembles the Caribbean L. paucidentata in the leaf lobes with toothed margins and a narrow base but strikingly differs from the latter species in: 1) leaf margins with mamillose cells, which are sometimes crowned by a small papilla, and with scattered rhizoids with or without a tooth-like base; 2) lobules with narrowly elongate, curved, sharp tooth; 3) stem epidermis brownish and somewhat thick-walled; 4) copious production of caducous leaf lobes. Moreover, L. ryszardii is dark green to brown in color and probably dioicous while L. paucidentata is light green and autoicous. Rectolejeunea halinae resembles the neotropical R. flagelliformis in having ciliate caducous leaves but clearly differs from the latter in the pointed leaf tips, the presence of ocelli in underleaves, and the flagelliform shoots with flat, entire-margined underleaves. The discovery of these new species adds two further endemic taxa to the rich bryophyte flora of the Colombian Andes.


Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1527
Author(s):  
Wilmar L. Cerón ◽  
Mary T. Kayano ◽  
Camilo Ocampo-Marulanda ◽  
Teresita Canchala ◽  
Irma Ayes Rivera ◽  
...  

The Cauca River rises in the Colombian Andes and is the main tributary of the Magdalena River, which drains to the Caribbean Sea. The La Balsa station monitors the Upper Cauca basin and is located just downstream of La Salvajina hydroelectric facility. At this station, the discharge time series for November–January during 1950–2019 shows a statistically significant downward break, and change of distribution after 1986 has been documented after La Salvajina started operation. We assessed the spatio-temporal variability of hydroclimatology in the upper Cauca River basin during the pre- and post-Salvajina dam periods to better understand this break. Post-Salvajina, low (high) discharge events are linked to negative (positive) precipitation and soil moisture anomalies that are greater in magnitude and extension than those recorded in the pre-Salvajina period in response to the more intense El Niño events (more intense and frequent central La Niña events) after 1986. Therefore, it is necessary to consider possible future rainfall scenarios and non-infrastructure measures (i.e., reforestation, territorial planning, integrated watershed management, etc.) to mitigate floods and droughts impacts. The contribution of this study is to provide evidence for the need for foresight in the design of any structural or non-structural flood measures.


2019 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 207-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Zapata ◽  
A. Cardona ◽  
J.S. Jaramillo ◽  
A. Patiño ◽  
V. Valencia ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Hincapié-Gómez ◽  
Agustín Cardona ◽  
Giovanny Jiménez ◽  
Gaspar Monsalve ◽  
León Ramírez-Hoyos ◽  
...  

1997 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henriette Lapierre ◽  
Vincent Dupuis ◽  
Bernard Mercier de Lépinay ◽  
Marc Tardy ◽  
Joaquín Ruíz ◽  
...  

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