scholarly journals Dunes Dance to a New Rhythm in Climate Change

Eos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenessa Duncombe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Warming World

Dunes may morph or creep in new directions in a warming world.

scholarly journals Skewed temperature dependence affects range and abundance in a warming world

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Hurford ◽  
Christina A. Cobbold ◽  
Péter K. Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Integrodifference Equation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Growth Metrics ◽  
Fitness Curve ◽  
Warming World

AbstractPopulation growth metrics such asR0are usually asymmetric functions of temperature, with cold-skewed curves arising when the positive effects of a temperature increase outweigh the negative effects, and warm-skewed curves arising in the opposite case. Classically, cold-skewed curves are interpreted as more beneficial to a species under climate warming, because cold-skewness implies increased population growth over a larger proportion of the species’ fundamental thermal niche than warm-skewness. However, inference based on the shape of the fitness curve alone, and without considering the synergistic effects of net reproduction, density, and dispersal may yield an incomplete understanding of climate change impacts. We formulate a moving-habitat integrodifference equation model to evaluate how fitness curve skewness affects species’ range size and abundance during climate warming. In contrast to classic interpretations, we find that climate warming adversely affects populations with cold-skewed fitness curves, positively affects populations with warm-skewed curves and has relatively little or mixed effects on populations with symmetric curves. Our results highlight the synergistic effects of fitness curve skewness, spatially heterogeneous densities, and dispersal in climate change impact analyses, and that the common approach of mapping changes only inR0may be misleading.

scholarly journals Conservation Lessons from the Study of North American Boreal Birds at Their Southern Periphery

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Joel Ralston ◽  
William V. DeLuca
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North American ◽  
Forest Birds ◽  
Coastal Forests ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Maritime Canada ◽  
Climate Change Community ◽  
Warming World ◽  
Distributional Shifts ◽  
Boreal Forest Birds

Many North American boreal forest birds reach the southern periphery of their distribution in the montane spruce–fir forests of northeastern United States and the barren coastal forests of Maritime Canada. Because the southern periphery may be the first to be impacted by warming climates, these populations provide a unique opportunity to examine several factors that will influence the conservation of this threatened group under climate change. We discuss recent research on boreal birds in Northeastern US and in Maritime Canada related to genetic diversity, population trends in abundance, distributional shifts in response to climate change, community composition, and threats from shifting nest predators. We discuss how results from these studies may inform the conservation of boreal birds in a warming world as well as open questions that need addressing.

scholarly journals Skewed temperature dependence affects range and abundance in a warming world

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1908) ◽  
pp. 20191157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Hurford ◽  
Christina A. Cobbold ◽  
Péter K. Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Integrodifference Equation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Growth Metrics ◽  
Fitness Curve ◽  
Warming World

Population growth metrics such as R 0 are usually asymmetric functions of temperature, with cold-skewed curves arising when the positive effects of a temperature increase outweigh the negative effects, and warm-skewed curves arising in the opposite case. Classically, cold-skewed curves are interpreted as more beneficial to a species under climate warming, because cold-skewness implies increased population growth over a larger proportion of the species's fundamental thermal niche than warm-skewness. However, inference based on the shape of the fitness curve alone, and without considering the synergistic effects of net reproduction, density and dispersal, may yield an incomplete understanding of climate change impacts. We formulate a moving-habitat integrodifference equation model to evaluate how fitness curve skewness affects species’ range size and abundance during climate warming. In contrast to classic interpretations, we find that climate warming adversely affects populations with cold-skewed fitness curves, positively affects populations with warm-skewed curves and has relatively little or mixed effects on populations with symmetric curves. Our results highlight the synergistic effects of fitness curve skewness, spatially heterogeneous densities and dispersal in climate change impact analyses, and that the common approach of mapping changes only in R 0 may be misleading.

scholarly journals Attributing Extreme Events to Climate Change: A New Frontier in a Warming World

One Earth ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 522-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Swain ◽  
Deepti Singh ◽  
Danielle Touma ◽  
Noah S. Diffenbaugh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
New Frontier ◽  
Warming World

scholarly journals The impact of climate change on European agricultural policy

European View ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
Warming World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Principal Contributor ◽  
The Eu

Agriculture in the context of climate change is often a provocative subject because agriculture is both heavily impacted by the warming world and also a principal contributor to climate change. As efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions increase, the EU is pushing all sectors to integrate measures to combat climate change. This article argues that the agricultural sector has instigated a process of integrating climate concerns. However, these efforts will not lead to a large number of disruptive changes in the agricultural sector. While the EU is putting climate change firmly on the agricultural agenda, ranking the issue even higher than the environment, the Union’s primary goal is still to support the income of farmers. Hence, the EU’s intentions will likely lead to raising awareness of the issue of climate change in the context of agriculture but will not lead to any transformative changes in European agricultural policymaking.

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