scholarly journals Profiles of Near‐Surface Rock Mass Strength Across Gradients in Burial, Erosion, and Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk F. Townsend ◽  
Marin K. Clark ◽  
Dimitrios Zekkos
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Rock Mass Strength ◽  
Surface Rock

scholarly journals Assessment of Sinkhole Hazard in the Area of Shallow Mining Workings Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8197
Author(s):  
Roman Ścigała ◽  
Stanisław Duży ◽  
Katarzyna Szafulera ◽  
Marek Kruczkowski ◽  
Grzegorz Dyduch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Rock Mass ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Discontinuous Surface ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Surface Rock ◽  
The Past ◽  
Upper Silesian Coal Basin ◽  
Sinkhole Hazard

This paper presents the results of investigating shallow rock mass layers with the use of electrical resistivity tomography. The aim of the study was to assess the condition of near-surface rock mass layers located above shallow mining workings of a historical mine in view of the possibility of the occurrence of loose zones or possible voids that could pose a sinkhole hazard for the surface. The study was carried out under the conditions of the “Sztygarka” Training Mine and Museum in Dąbrowa Górnicza City (Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland), where discontinuous surface deformations occurred in the past in the form of sinkholes. The study and its interpretation indicate the existence of a sinkhole hazard due to the ongoing processes of the transformation of the near-surface rock mass layers above the shallow workings of a historical mine.

ROCK MASS STRENGTH IN RELATION TO LANDSLIDE PROGRESSION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brooke M. Hornney ◽  
◽  
Marlene C. Villeneuve ◽  
Jonathan Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Rock Mass Strength

Rock Mass Strength Assessment for Bedrock Landsliding

1996 ◽  
Vol II (3) ◽  
pp. 325-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. SCHMIDT ◽  
D. R. MONTGOMERY
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Strength Assessment ◽  
Rock Mass Strength

scholarly journals Distributed snow and rock temperature modelling in steep rock walls using Alpine3D

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 585-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Haberkorn ◽  
Nander Wever ◽  
Martin Hoelzle ◽  
Marcia Phillips ◽  
Robert Kenner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Snow Depth ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Swiss Alps ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Surface Rock ◽  
Depth Data ◽  
Rock Temperature

Abstract. In this study we modelled the influence of the spatially and temporally heterogeneous snow cover on the surface energy balance and thus on rock temperatures in two rugged, steep rock walls on the Gemsstock ridge in the central Swiss Alps. The heterogeneous snow depth distribution in the rock walls was introduced to the distributed, process-based energy balance model Alpine3D with a precipitation scaling method based on snow depth data measured by terrestrial laser scanning. The influence of the snow cover on rock temperatures was investigated by comparing a snow-covered model scenario (precipitation input provided by precipitation scaling) with a snow-free (zero precipitation input) one. Model uncertainties are discussed and evaluated at both the point and spatial scales against 22 near-surface rock temperature measurements and high-resolution snow depth data from winter terrestrial laser scans.In the rough rock walls, the heterogeneously distributed snow cover was moderately well reproduced by Alpine3D with mean absolute errors ranging between 0.31 and 0.81 m. However, snow cover duration was reproduced well and, consequently, near-surface rock temperatures were modelled convincingly. Uncertainties in rock temperature modelling were found to be around 1.6 °C. Errors in snow cover modelling and hence in rock temperature simulations are explained by inadequate snow settlement due to linear precipitation scaling, missing lateral heat fluxes in the rock, and by errors caused by interpolation of shortwave radiation, wind and air temperature into the rock walls.Mean annual near-surface rock temperature increases were both measured and modelled in the steep rock walls as a consequence of a thick, long-lasting snow cover. Rock temperatures were 1.3–2.5 °C higher in the shaded and sunny rock walls, while comparing snow-covered to snow-free simulations. This helps to assess the potential error made in ground temperature modelling when neglecting snow in steep bedrock.

Rock mass strength at depth and implications for pillar design

2011 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
P K Kaiser ◽  
B Kim ◽  
R P Bewick ◽  
B Valley
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Pillar Design ◽  
Rock Mass Strength
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