scholarly journals Dependence of aerosol‐droplet partitioning on turbulence in a laboratory cloud

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Sayeed Md Shawon ◽  
Prasanth Prabhakaran ◽  
Greg Kinney ◽  
Raymond A. Shaw ◽  
Will Cantrell
Keyword(s):  
Aerosol Droplet

scholarly journals Effect of Ammonium Nitrate on Nanoparticle Size Reduction

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalyana C. Pingali ◽  
Shuguang Deng ◽  
David A. Rockstraw
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Aerosol Droplet ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis Process ◽  
20 Nm

Ammonium nitrate was added to the spraying solution as a foaming agent to reduce the particle size of nanoparticles synthesized in the spray-pyrolysis process. Ammonium nitrate was effective in breaking the aerosol droplet size and generating nanoparticles that were of approximately one order-of-magnitude (from 200 to 20 nm) smaller diameter than those created in the absence of ammonium nitrate in the feed solution. This technique makes it possible to control the particle diameter of metallic nanoparticles below 20 nm.

scholarly journals Droplet and Aerosol Suspension Times in Ambient Air in Confined Spaces and Transmission of COVID-19: Influence of Environmental Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-506
Author(s):  
M. R. Islam ◽  
S. H. Naqib
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Confined Space ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Confined Spaces ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Aerosol Droplet ◽  
Exhaled Air ◽  
Mode Of Transmission

The COVID‑19 pandemic, alternatively known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an unfolding pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) across the entire globe in an unprecedented proportion. COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The mode of transmission of COVID-19 is a subject of intense research. The airborne transmission is one prime possibility. Breathing and talking are natural processes which generate exhaled particles. The exhaled air is an aerosol/droplet composed of naturally produced particulates of varying size. The duration over which the aerosols/droplets are suspended in the air is an important factor. Long suspended aerosols/droplets are potential source of transmission, particularly in confined spaces. We have calculated times of suspension by considering various environmental factors, namely, the ambient temperature and relative humidity in a confined space, in this work. Both temperature and relative humidity affect the suspension time of the exhaled aerosols/droplets with varying degree. The effects of environmental factors are significant for aerosols, particularly for those with small radii. We have discussed the possible implications of our findings in this paper.

scholarly journals Aerosol droplet-size distribution and airborne nicotine portioning in particle and gas phases emitted by electronic cigarettes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Lalo ◽  
Lara Leclerc ◽  
Jérémy Sorin ◽  
Jérémie Pourchez
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
High Power ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Particle Phase ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Aerosol Droplet

AbstractThe reliable characterization of particle size distribution and nicotine delivery emitted by electronic cigarettes (ECs) is a critical issue in their design. Indeed, a better understanding of how nicotine is delivered as an aerosol with an appropriate aerodynamic size is a necessary step toward obtaining a well-designed nicotine transfer from the respiratory tract to the bloodstream to better satisfy craving and improve smoking cessation rates. To study these two factors, recent models of EC devices and a dedicated vaping machine were used to generate aerosols under various experimental conditions, including varying the EC power level using two different types of atomizers. The aerodynamic particle sizing of the resulting aerosol was performed using a cascade impactor. The nicotine concentration in the refill liquid and the aerosol droplet was quantified by liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array. The vaporization process and the physical and chemical properties of the EC aerosol were very similar at 15 watts (W) and 25 W using the low-power atomizer but quite distinct at 50 W using the high-power atomizer, as follows: (1) the mass median aerodynamic diameters ranged from 1.06 to 1.19 µm (µm) for low power and from 2.33 to 2.46 µm for high power; (2) the nicotine concentrations of aerosol droplets were approximately 11 mg per milliliter (mg/mL) for low power and 17 mg/mL for high power; and (3) the aerosol droplet particle phase of the total nicotine mass emitted by EC was 60% for low power and 95% for high power. The results indicate that varying the correlated factors (1) the power level and (2) the design of atomizer (including the type of coil and the value of resistance used) affects the particle-size distribution and the airborne nicotine portioning between the particle phase and the gas phase in equilibrium with the airborne droplets.

Diffusion from a polymer-thickened, sessile, aerosol droplet through a membrane

1988 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 448-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.O Williams ◽  
H.L Frisch ◽  
H Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Aerosol Droplet

scholarly journals Transient aerodynamic atomization model to predict aerosol droplet size of pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDI)

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 998-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gavtash ◽  
H. K. Versteeg ◽  
G. Hargrave ◽  
B. Myatt ◽  
D. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Size ◽  
Metered Dose Inhalers ◽  
Aerosol Droplet ◽  
Metered Dose ◽  
Pressurized Metered Dose Inhalers
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