Optical Progressing and Electric Field Change Characteristics of Altitude ‐ Triggered Lightning Flash with Different Development Paths

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Cai ◽  
Jin Li ◽  
Jianguo Wang ◽  
Rui Su ◽  
Fukun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Lightning Flash ◽  
Field Change ◽  
Change Characteristics ◽  
Triggered Lightning ◽  
Electric Field Change ◽  
Development Paths

scholarly journals Ultra-high speed video observations of intracloud lightning flash initiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maribeth Stolzenburg ◽  
Thomas C. Marshall ◽  
Sampath Bandara ◽  
Brian Hurley ◽  
Raymond Siedlecki
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Lightning Flash ◽  
Field Change ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Video Observations ◽  
Electric Field Change

AbstractThis study describes results from video observations of five intracloud flashes located ≤ 20 km from the camera and recorded with 6.1 µs exposure time and 6.66 µs frame intervals. Video data are supported with electric field change (E-change) and VHF measurements, with emphasis on the flash initiating event (IE) and initial breakdown (IB) stage. In four of the five flashes, the IE is accompanied by weak luminosity, ≤ 5% above background, lasting for 300–500 µs. Two of these four IEs were positive Narrow Bipolar Events (NBEs) with VHF powers of 43 and 990 W; these are the first (known) data showing visible light detected with a positive NBE. Two other IEs with weak luminosity had powers of 0.5 and 1 W, and the IE with no detected luminosity had a VHF power of 3 W. A typical IB cluster consists of several narrow pulses and one classic pulse in E-change data (along with many VHF pulses), and each example flash has 2–10 IB clusters in the first 5–50 ms. The luminosity of IB clusters was substantially greater than IE luminosity, ranging from 10 to 40% above background in four examples, while for one flash with 10 IB clusters, the luminosity range was 35–360% above background (average 190%). Luminosity durations of IB clusters were 520–1750 µs with average 1210 µs. For both IEs and IB clusters, increases in the detected luminosity were closely timed with substantial VHF emissions and decreased when VHF emissions weakened.

Electric field change of M component

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.P.A. Vayanganie ◽  
T.A.L.N. Gunasekera ◽  
S. Nanayakkara ◽  
M. Fernando ◽  
V. Cooray
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Field Change ◽  
Electric Field Change

Electrocaloric properties of Zr-modified Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 polycrystalline ceramics

2013 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 1350029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud A. Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Wide Temperature Range ◽  
Field Change ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Polycrystalline Ceramics ◽  
Field Shift ◽  
Electric Field Change

In this work, electrocaloric properties of Pb ( Mg 1/3 Zr 2x/3 Nb 2(1-x)/3) O 3-x/3 polycrystalline ceramics for different stoichiometric compositions have been investigated. The results show that largest changes (ΔT) are in range of 1.07 to 4.84 K in 10 kV cm-1 electric field change. These values are significantly large, and are comparable with values of other lead-containing ceramics under the same or larger electric field shift. The conclusion is that these materials are excellent candidates for working materials in refrigeration and liquefaction devices in a wide temperature range.

Ratio of leader to return stroke electric field change for first and subsequent lightning strokes

1990 ◽  
Vol 95 (D10) ◽  
pp. 16579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Rakov ◽  
Martin A. Uman ◽  
Douglas M. Jordan ◽  
Carmine A. Priore
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Field Change ◽  
Return Stroke ◽  
Electric Field Change
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