scholarly journals The Impact of Föhn Conditions Across the Antarctic Peninsula on Local Meteorology Based on AWS Measurements

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amélie Kirchgaessner ◽  
John C. King ◽  
Philip S. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Local Meteorology ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Changes in ice-shelf buttressing following the collapse of Larsen A Ice Shelf, Antarctica, and the resulting impact on tributaries

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (235) ◽  
pp. 905-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAM ROYSTON ◽  
G. HILMAR GUDMUNDSSON
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Mass Redistribution ◽  
Grounding Line ◽  
Modelling Studies ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Stringent Test ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThe dominant mass-loss process on the Antarctic Peninsula has been ice-shelf collapse, including the Larsen A Ice Shelf in early 1995. Following this collapse, there was rapid speed up and thinning of its tributary glaciers. We model the impact of this ice-shelf collapse on upstream tributaries, and compare with observations using new datasets of surface velocity and ice thickness. Using a two-horizontal-dimension shallow shelf approximation model, we are able to replicate the observed large increase in surface velocity that occurred within Drygalski Glacier, Antarctic Peninsula. The model results show an instantaneous twofold increase in flux across the grounding line, caused solely from the reduction in backstress through ice shelf removal. This demonstrates the importance of ice-shelf buttressing for flow upstream of the grounding line and highlights the need to explicitly include lateral stresses when modelling real-world settings. We hypothesise that further increases in velocity and flux observed since the ice-shelf collapse result from transient mass redistribution effects. Reproducing these effects poses the next, more stringent test of glacier and ice-sheet modelling studies.

scholarly journals The AEMET-<i>γ</i>SREPS over the Antarctic Peninsula and the impact of kilometric-resolution EPS on logistic activities on the continent

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 209-217
Author(s):  
Sergi Gonzalez ◽  
Alfons Callado ◽  
Mauricia Martínez ◽  
Benito Elvira
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Austral Summer ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Ensemble Prediction ◽  
Prediction Systems ◽  
Nwp Model ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Kilometric-resolution Ensemble Prediction Systems (EPSs) will be the new state-of-the-art forecasting tools for short-range prediction in the following decade. Their value will be even greater in Antarctica due to the increasingly demanding weather forecasts for logistic services. During the 2018–2019 austral summer (1 December–31 March), coinciding with the Southern Hemisphere Special Observation Period of the Year of Polar Prediction (YOPP), the 2.5 km AEMET-γSREPS was operationally integrated over the Antarctic Peninsula. In particular, the Antarctic version of γSREPS comes up with crossing four non-hydrostatic convection-permitting NWP models at 2.5 km with three global NWP driving models as boundary conditions. The γSREPS forecasting system has been validated in comparison with ECMWF EPS. It is concluded that γSREPS has an added value to ECMWF EPS due to both its higher resolution and its multi-boundary conditions and multi-NWP model approach. γSREPS performance has a positive impact on logistic activities at research stations and its design may contribute to polar prediction research.

Spatial patterns of tour ship traffic in the Antarctic Peninsula region

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.J. Lynch ◽  
K. Crosbie ◽  
W.F. Fagan ◽  
R. Naveen
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
Ship Traffic ◽  
Marine Traffic ◽  
Landing Sites ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Tourism Activity ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCommercial, shipborne tourism along the Antarctic Peninsula grew exponentially between 1989–90 and 2007–08, raising concern about the impact such activity may have on the environment of the region. Previous analyses of Antarctic tourism have focused narrowly on patterns of visitation and potential impacts at terrestrial landing sites. Here, using 19 years of passenger landing statistics and five years of reconstructed ship itineraries, we explore patterns of tourism activities in the Antarctic Peninsula region using a spatially explicit network theory analysis of ship itineraries. We find that passenger landings and marine traffic are highly concentrated at a few specific locations and that growth in tourism activity occurred disproportionally rapidly at these sites relative to growth in visitation of the Peninsula as a whole. We conclude by discussing the pros and cons of spatially concentrated tourism activity and the associated implications for ecosystem management.

scholarly journals High-Resolution Numerical Modelling of Near-Surface Atmospheric Fields in the Complex Terrain of James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Michael Matějka ◽  
Kamil Láska ◽  
Klára Jeklová ◽  
Jiří Hošek
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
James Ross Island ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
The Impact

The Antarctic Peninsula belongs to the regions of the Earth that have seen the highest increase in air temperature in the past few decades. The warming is reflected in degradation of the cryospheric system. The impact of climate variability and interactions between the atmosphere and the cryosphere can be studied using numerical atmospheric models. In this study, the standard version of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was validated on James Ross Island in the northern part of the Antarctic Peninsula. The aim of this study was to verify the WRF model output at 700 m horizontal resolution using air temperature, wind speed and wind direction observations from automatic weather stations on the Ulu Peninsula, the northernmost part of James Ross Island. Validation was carried out for two contrasting periods (summer and winter) in 2019/2020 to assess possible seasonal effects on model accuracy. Simulated air temperatures were in very good agreement with measurements (mean bias −1.7 °C to 1.4 °C). The exception was a strong air temperature inversion during two of the winter days when a significant positive bias occurred at the coastal and lower-altitude locations on the Ulu Peninsula. Further analysis of the WRF estimates showed a good skill in simulating near-surface wind speed with higher correlation coefficients in winter (0.81–0.93) than in summer (0.41–0.59). However, bias and RMSE for wind speed tended to be better in summer. The performance of three WRF boundary layer schemes (MYJ, MYNN, QNSE) was further evaluated. The QNSE scheme was generally more accurate than MYNN and MYJ, but the differences were quite small and varied with time and place. The MYNN and QNSE schemes tended to achieve better wind speed simulation quality than the MYJ scheme. The model successfully captured wind direction, showing only slight differences to the observed values. It was shown that at lower altitudes the performance of the model can vary greatly with time. The model results were more accurate during high wind speed southwestern flow, while the accuracy decreased under weak synoptic-scale forcing, accompanied by an occurrence of mesoscale atmospheric processes.

The Impact of Penguins on the Content of Trace Elements and Nutrients in Coastal Soils of North Western Chile and the Antarctic Peninsula Area

2017 ◽  
Vol 228 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Winfred Espejo ◽  
José E. Celis ◽  
Marco Sandoval ◽  
Daniel González-Acuña ◽  
Ricardo Barra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Coastal Soils ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
North Western

scholarly journals Open ocean and coastal new particle formation from sulfuric acid and amines around the Antarctic Peninsula

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Brean ◽  
Manuel Dall’Osto ◽  
Rafel Simó ◽  
Zongbo Shi ◽  
David C. S. Beddows ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
The Antarctic

scholarly journals Mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet 1992–2016: reconciling results from GRACE gravimetry with ICESat, ERS1/2 and Envisat altimetry

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
H. Jay Zwally ◽  
John W. Robbins ◽  
Scott B. Luthcke ◽  
Bryant D. Loomis ◽  
Frédérique Rémy
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
East Antarctica ◽  
Mantle Material ◽  
West Antarctica ◽  
Mantle Viscosity ◽  
Grounding Line ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Total Gain

Abstract GRACE and ICESat Antarctic mass-balance differences are resolved utilizing their dependencies on corrections for changes in mass and volume of the same underlying mantle material forced by ice-loading changes. Modeled gravimetry corrections are 5.22 times altimetry corrections over East Antarctica (EA) and 4.51 times over West Antarctica (WA), with inferred mantle densities 4.75 and 4.11 g cm−3. Derived sensitivities (Sg, Sa) to bedrock motion enable calculation of motion (δB0) needed to equalize GRACE and ICESat mass changes during 2003–08. For EA, δB0 is −2.2 mm a−1 subsidence with mass matching at 150 Gt a−1, inland WA is −3.5 mm a−1 at 66 Gt a−1, and coastal WA is only −0.35 mm a−1 at −95 Gt a−1. WA subsidence is attributed to low mantle viscosity with faster responses to post-LGM deglaciation and to ice growth during Holocene grounding-line readvance. EA subsidence is attributed to Holocene dynamic thickening. With Antarctic Peninsula loss of −26 Gt a−1, the Antarctic total gain is 95 ± 25 Gt a−1 during 2003–08, compared to 144 ± 61 Gt a−1 from ERS1/2 during 1992–2001. Beginning in 2009, large increases in coastal WA dynamic losses overcame long-term EA and inland WA gains bringing Antarctica close to balance at −12 ± 64 Gt a−1 by 2012–16.

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