Characteristics of the long‐lived concentric eyewalls in tropical cyclones

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi‐Ting Yang ◽  
Hung‐Chi Kuo ◽  
Satoki Tsujino ◽  
Buo‐Fu Chen ◽  
Melinda S Peng
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Concentric Eyewalls

scholarly journals How Does the Boundary Layer Contribute to Eyewall Replacement Cycles in Axisymmetric Tropical Cyclones?

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 2808-2830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Kepert
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Secondary Circulation ◽  
Local Enhancement ◽  
Wind Maximum ◽  
Boundary Layer Processes ◽  
Mass Constraint ◽  
Concentric Eyewalls ◽  
Eyewall Replacement Cycles ◽  
Tropical Cyclone Boundary Layer

Abstract Three diagnostic models of the axisymmetric tropical cyclone boundary layer, with different levels of approximation, are applied to the problem of tropical cyclones with concentric eyewalls. The outer eyewall is shown to have an inherently stronger frictional updraft than the inner because it is in an environment of lower vorticity. Similarly, a relatively weak local enhancement of the radial vorticity gradient outside the primary radius of maximum winds can produce a significant frictional updraft, even if there is no outer wind maximum. Based on these results, it is proposed that the boundary layer contributes to the formation of outer eyewalls through a positive feedback among the local enhancement of the radial vorticity gradient, the frictional updraft, and convection. The friction-induced secondary circulation associated with the inner eyewall is shown to weaken as the outer wind maximum strengthens and/or contracts, so boundary layer processes will contribute, along with the heating-induced secondary circulation, to the weakening of the inner eyewall during an eyewall replacement cycle. An integral mass constraint on the friction-induced secondary circulation is derived and used to examine the oft-stated proposition that “the outer eyewall uses up the inflowing energy-rich boundary layer air.” Using the integral constraint, the author argues that formation of a secondary eyewall will tend to increase the total friction-induced secondary circulation and that, if the moat between the two eyewalls has a local vorticity minimum, then sufficient subsidence may occur there to maintain the primary eyewall's updraft. It is noted, however, that the enthalpy of the updraft is important as well as its mass.

scholarly journals Vertical Structure of Tropical Cyclones with Concentric Eyewalls as Seen by the TRMM Precipitation Radar

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 1021-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanna A. Hence ◽  
Robert A. Houze
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission ◽  
Precipitation Radar ◽  
Upper Troposphere ◽  
Tropical Rainfall ◽  
Trmm Precipitation ◽  
Concentric Eyewalls

Abstract Ten years of data from the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission satellite’s Precipitation Radar are analyzed to determine the typical vertical structure of the concentric eyewalls of tropical cyclones undergoing eyewall replacement. The vertical structure of the secondary (outer) eyewall is different from the primary (inner) eyewall and also different from the eyewall of single eyewall storms. The upper-troposphere portions of the outer eyewalls are like the rainbands from which they evolve. Their lower-tropospheric portions are more intense and more uniform than rainbands of single eyewall storms, suggesting that these secondary eyewalls are forming from rainbands undergoing axisymmetrization and building from below. The inner concentric eyewalls are more strongly affected by shear than are the eyewalls of single eyewall storms, while the outer eyewalls are relatively unaffected by shear, which suggests the outer eyewall is amplifying the shear-induced asymmetry of the inner eyewall.

Real-Time Forecasting System of Winds, Waves and Surge in Tropical Cyclones

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans C. Graber ◽  
Mark A. Donelan ◽  
Michael G. Brown ◽  
Donald N. Slinn ◽  
Scott C. Hagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Forecasting System

A Unified Air-Sea Interface for Fully Coupled Atmosphere-Wave-Ocean Models for Improving Intensity Prediction of Tropical Cyclones

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyi S. Chen ◽  
Mark A. Donelan ◽  
Ashwanth Srinivasan ◽  
Rick Allard ◽  
Tim Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Intensity Prediction ◽  
Ocean Models ◽  
Fully Coupled
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